英國文學(xué)史及選讀--復(fù)習(xí)要點總結(jié)概要.doc

英國文學(xué)史及選讀第一冊復(fù)習(xí)要點1. Beowulf: national epic of the English people; Denmark story; alliteration, metaphors and understatements (此處可能會有填空,選擇等小題2. Romance (名詞解釋3. “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”: a famous roman about King Arthur s story4. Ballad(名詞解釋5. Character of Robin Hood6. Geoffrey Chaucer: founder of English poetry; The Canterbury Tales (main contents; 124 stories planned, only 24 finished; written in Middle English; significance; form: heroic couplet7. Heroic couplet (名詞解釋 8. Renaissance(名詞解釋 9.Thomas More Utopia10. Sonnet(名詞解釋 11. Blank verse(名詞解釋 12. Edmund Spenser “The Faerie Queene” 13. Francis Bacon “essays” esp. “Of Studies” (推薦閱讀,學(xué)習(xí)寫正式語體的英文文章的好參照,本 文用詞正式優(yōu)雅,多排比句和長句,語言造詣非常高,里面很多話都可以引用做格言警句,非常值 得一讀14. William Shakespeare四大悲劇比較重要,此外就是羅密歐與朱立葉了,這些劇的主題,背景,情 節(jié),人物形象都要熟悉,當(dāng)然他最重要的是 Hamlet 這是肯定的。他的 sonnet 也很重要,最重要屬 sonnet18。 (其戲劇中著名對白和幾首有名的十四行詩可能會出選讀15. John Milton 三大史詩非常重要,特別是 Paradise Lost 和 Samson Agonistes。對于 Paradise Lost 需要知道它是 blank verse寫成的,故事情節(jié)來自 Old Testament,另外要知道此書 theme 和 Satan 的 形象。16. John BunyanThe Pilgrim s Progress17. Founder of the Metaphysical school John Donne; features of the school: philosophical poems, complex rhythms and strange images.18. Enlightenment(名詞解釋19. Neoclassicism(名詞解釋20. Richard Steele“The Tatler”21. Joseph Addison“The Spectator” 這個比上面那個要重要, 注意這個報紙和我們今天的報紙不一 樣,它虛構(gòu)了一系列的人物,以這些人物的口氣來寫報紙上刊登的散文,這一部分要仔細(xì)讀。 22. Steel s and Addison s styles and their contributions23. Alexander Pope: “Essay on Criticism”, “Essay on Man”, “The Rape of Lock”, “The Dunciad”; his workmanship (features and limitations24. Jonathan Swift: “Gulliver s Travels” 此書非常重要,要知道具體內(nèi)容,就是 Gulliver 游歷過的四個 地方的英文名稱,和每個部分具體的諷刺對象 ; (我們主要講了三個地方 “A Modest Proposal” 比 較重要,要注意作者用的 irony 也就是反諷手法。25. The rise and growth of the realistic novel is the most prominent achievement of 18th century English literature.26. Daniel Defoe: “Robinson Crusoe”, “Moll Flanders”, 當(dāng)然是 Robinson Crusoe比較重要,劇情要清 楚, Robinson Crusoe的形象和故事中蘊涵的早期黑奴的原形, 以及殖民主義的萌芽。 另外注意 Defoe 的 style 和 feature ,另外 Defoe 是 forerunner of English realistic novel。27. Samuel Richardson “Pamela” (first epistolary novel, “Clarissa Harlowe”, “Sir Charles Grandison”28. Henry Fielding: “Joseph Andrews”, “Jonathan Wild”, “Tom Jones” 第一個和第三個比較重要,需要 仔細(xì)看。他是一個比較重要的作家,另外 Fielding 也被稱為 father of the English novel.29. Laurence Sterne“Tristram Shandy” 項狄傳30. Richard Sheridan“The School for Scandal”31. Oliver Goldsmith“The Traveller”(poem, “The Deserted Village” (poem (both two poems were written by heroic couplet, “The Vicar of Wakefield” (novel, “The Good-Natured Man” (comedy, “She stoops to Conquer” (comedy, “The Citizen of the World” (collection of essays32. Sentimentalism(名詞解釋33. Thomas Gray“Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard” (英國詩歌里非常著名的一首,曾經(jīng)被 譽為 “ 有史以來英國詩歌里最好的一首 ” (a representative of sentimentalism and graveyard school of poets 墓園派詩人 * Graveyard School / Poets”: A term applied to eighteenth -century poets who wrote meditative poems, usually set in a graveyard, on the theme of human mortality, in moods which range from elegiac pensiveness to profound gloom. The vogue resulted in one of the most widely known English poems, Thomas Gray s “Elegy written in a country churchyard”. The writing of graveyard poems spread from England to Continental literature in the second part of the century and also influenced some American poets.34. In the latter half of the 18th century, Pre-Romanticism; representative: William Blake and Robert Burns.35. Thomas Percy “Reliques of Ancient English poetry” 許多中古的民謠都是在這個時期重新收集 和整理起來的,這個集子是那個時代比較有名的一個民謠集。36. William Blake 比較重要,需要對主要作品有所了解,特別是 Songs of Innocence 和 Songs of Experience, 這兩本集子的 contrast 一定要注意,另外 Blake 的寫作特點也要注意,比如語言的簡單 明了,神秘主義氛圍等。37. Robert Burns偉大的蘇格蘭民族詩人 , A Red Red Rose, Scots Wha Hae, Auld Lang Syne等名詩,寫 作特點 : Scottish dialect; a poet of peasant and Scottish people; plain language; influence from Scottish folk songs and ballads; musical quality of his poems.英國文學(xué)史及選讀第二冊練習(xí)題I. 浪漫主義時期I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the brackets.1. English Romanticism is generally said to have begun with_in 1798.A. the publication of Lyrical BalladsB. the death of Sir ScottC. the birth of William WordsworthD. the passage of the first Reform Bill in the Parliament2. The Romantic Period is first of all an age of_.A. Novel B. poetry C. drama D. prose3. Romanticism does not emphasize_.A. the special qualities of each individual s mindB. the inner world of the human spiritC. individualityD. the features that men have in common4._ is not a Romantic poet.A. William Blake B. Sir Scott C. P. B. Shelley D. Lord Byron5. _ is a Romantic novelist but is impressed with neo-classic strains.A. Walter Scott B. Mary ShelleyC. Jane Austen D. Ann Radcliff6. _ is not characteristic of William Blake s writing.A. plain and direct language B. compression of meaningC. supernatural quality D. symbolism7. Wordsworth published Lyrical Ballads in 1789 with _.A. Byron B. Coleridge C. Shelley D. Keats8. Wordsworth thinks that _ is the only subject of literary interest.A. the life of rising bourgeoisieB. aristocratic lifeC. the life of the royal familyD. common life9. Don Juan is the masterpiece of_.A. Lord Byron s B. P. B. Shelley sC. John Keats s D. Samuel Coleridge s10. _ is not a novel written by Jane Austen.A. Jane Eyre B. Sense and SensibilityC. Pride and Prejudice D. EmmaII. Complete each of the following statements with a proper word or a phrase according to the textbook. 1. In essence, Romanticism designates a literary and philosophical theory which tends to see the_as the very center of all life and all experience.2. For the Romantics, _ is not only the major source of poetic imagery, but also provides the dominant subject matter.3. Wordsworth is regarded as a “worshipper of _.”4. According to the subjects, Wordsworth s short poems can be classified into two groups: poems about nature and poems about _.5. Coleridge s achievement as poet can be divided into two remarkably diverse groups: _ and the conversational.6. As a leading Romanticist, Byron s chief contribution is his creation of the “_.”7. “_” is Shelley s representative work.8. _ are generally regarded as Keats s most important and mature work.9. “Beauty is truth, truth beauty” is a famous line in Keats s “_.”10. _is the most delightful of Jane Austen s work.III. Decide whether the following statements are true or false and write your answers in the brackets. ( 1. The Romantic period is also a great age of prose.( 2. Romantics also tend to be nationalistic, defending their own literary heritage against the advocatesof classical rules.( 3. Coleridge has been rewarded as Poet Laureate.( 4. Keats is one of the “Lake Poets.”( 5. Jane Austen is a typical Romantic writer.IV . Name the author of each of the following literary work.1. “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner”2. Songs of Innocence3. “Ode to a Nightingale”4. “A Song: Men of England”5. The PreludeV . Define the literary terms listed below1. Romanticism2. OdeVI. For each of the quotations listed below please give the name of the author and the title of the literary work from which it is taken and then briefly interpret it.1.Be through my lips to unawakened Earth.The trumpet of a prophecy! O, Wind,If winter comes, can Spring be far behind?2. For oft, when on my couch I lieIn vacant or in pensive mood,They flash upon that inward eyeWhich is the bliss of solitude;And then my heart with pleasure fills,And dances with the daffodils.Keys:I. 1.A 2.B 3.D 4.B 5.C 6.C 7.B 8.D 9.A 10.AII.1.individual 2. human life 3.nature 4.human life5.the demonic 6.Byronic hero 7. Ode to the West Wind8. The odes 9. Ode on a Grecian Urn 10. Pride and PrejudiceIII. 1.T 2.T 3.F 4.F 5.FIV . 1.Coleridge 2. Blake 3. Keats 4. Shelley 5. WordsworthV . 1. Romanticism is a movement that flourished in literature, philosophy, music and art in western culture during most of the nineteenth century, beginning as a revolt against classicism. There have been many varieties of Romanticism in many different times and places. The leading features of Romantic movements are Wordsworth, Shelley, etc.2. Ode is a complex and often lengthy lyric poem, written in a dignified formal style on some lofty or serious subject. Odes are often written for a special occasion, to honour a person or a season or to commemorate an event.VI. 1. It is taken from Shelley s Ode to the West Wind. In this poem, Shelley eulogizes the powerful west wind and expresses his eagerness to enjoy the boundless freedom from the reality. In these last lines, the poet shows his optimistic spirit for the future.2. It is taken from Wordsworth s “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud.” The poet thinks that it is a bliss to recollect the beauty of nature in his mind while he is in solitude. He expresses his strong affecting for nature in the poem.II. 維多利亞時期I. Each of the statement below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the brackets1. The Victorian period roughly began at the enthronement of Queen Victoria in_.A. 1835 B. 1836 C. 1837 D. 18382. The critical realists like Charles Dickens in the Victorian period wrote novels_.A. representing the 18th century realist novelB. criticizing the societyC. defending the massE. all the above3. _is not a Victoria novelist.A. Charles DickensB. George EliotC. William Makepeace ThackerayD. D. H. Lawrence4. _ is not a work by Charles Dickens.A. Oliver Twist B. David CopperfieldC. Middlemarch D. A Tale of Two Cities5. Wuthering Heights is a masterpiece written by_.A. Charlotte Bronte B. Emily BronteC. Anne Bronte D. Branwell Bronte6. _ is not Thomas Hardy s work.A. The Mill on the FlossB. Tess of the DUrbervillesC. Jude the ObscureD. The Mayor of Casterbridge7. “My Last Duchess” is _.A. a dramatic monologue B. a short lyricC. a novel D. an essay8. Tennyson s “Ulysses” gets its inspiration from the following works or writers except_.A. Homer s Odessey B. Joyce s UlyssesC. Dante D. Greek Mythology9. In the 19th century English literature, a new literary trend _ appeared. And it flourished in the 1840s and in the early 1950s.A. romanticism B. naturalismC. realism D. critical realism10. The title of the novel Vanity Fair was taken from_.A. The Pilgrim s ProgressB. Childe Harold s PilgrimageC. Gulliver s TravelsD. The Canterbury TalesII. Complete each of the following statements with a proper word or a phrase according to the textbook1. The aestheticists such as Oscar Wilde in the Victorian period advocated the theory of “_.”2. In the Victorian period, _became the most widely read and the most vital and challengingexpression of progressive thought.3. Charles Dickens is one of the greatest _ writers of the Victorian Age.4. Tennyson s poem “_” is in memory of his bosom friend Arthur Hallam.5. Robert Browning is famous for his _.6. George Eliot s _ is one of the most mature works in English literature.7. Tennyson s famous dramatic monologue based on the story in Greek Mythology is “_.”8. _ is Dickens first child hero.9. Jane Eyre represents those_-class working women who are struggling for recognition of their basic rights and equality as a human being.10. The most important poet of the Victorian Age was_. Next to him were Robert Browning and his wife.III. Decide whether the following statements are true of false and write your answers in the brackets. ( 1. The Victorian period has been generally regarded as one of the most glorious in the English history. ( 2. Tennyson is famous for his aesthetic viewpoint of “art for art s sake.”( 3. Wuthering Heights is the masterpiece of Charlotte Bronte s.( 4. Browning s “Meeting at Night” and “Parting at Morning” were originally one poem in dramatic monologue.( 5. Naturalism has played an important part in Thomas Hardy s work.IV . Name the author of each of the following literary works.1. The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club2. The Tenant of Wildfell Hall3. In Memoriam4. The Mill on the Floss5. The Return of the NativeV . Define the literary terms listed below.1. Dramatic Monologue2. Critical RealismVI. For each of the quotations listed below please give the name of the author and the title of the literary work from which it is taken and then briefly interpret it.1. That same evening the gentleman in the white waistcoat most positively and decidedly affirmed, not only that Oliver would be hung, but that he would be drawn and quartered into the bargain. Mr. Bumble shoot his head with gloomy mystery, and said he wished he might come to good; where unto Mr. Gamfield replied, that he wished he might come to him-which, although he agreed with the beadle in most matters, would seem to be a wish of a totally opposite description.The next morning, the public were once more informed that Oliver Twist was again To Let, and that five pounds would be paid to anybody who would take possession of him.2. Thus, neither having the clue to the other s secret, they were respectively puzzled at what each revealed, and awaited new knowledge of each other s character and moods without attempting to pry into each other s history.Every day, every hour, brought to him one more little stroke of her nature, and to her one more of his. Tess was trying to lead a repressed life, but she little divined the strength of her own vitality.Keys:I. 1.B 2.D 3.D 4.C 5.B 6.A 7.A 8.B 9.D 10.AII. 1. art for art s sake 2. the novel3. critical realist 4. Break, Break, Break5. dramatic monologue 6. Middlemarch7. Ulysses 8. Oliver Twist9. middle 10. TennysonIII. 1. T 2. F 3. F 4. F 5. TIV . 1. Charles Dickens 2. Anne Bronte3. Alfred Tennyson 4. George Eliot5. Thomas HardyV . 1. Dramatic Monologue is a kind of narrative poem in which one character speaks to one or more listeners whose replies are not given in the poem. The occasion is usually a crucial one In the speaker s personality as well as the incident that is the subjects of the poem. An example of a dramatic monologue is “My Last Duchess” by Robert Browning.2. Critical Realism is a literary movement in the 19th century. It sticks to the principal of faithful representation of the 18th century realistic novel and carries its duty forward to the criticism of the society and the defense of the mass. The representative figures are Dickens, the Bronte s, etc.VI. 1. It is taken from Charles Dickens s Oliver Twist. This part describes how Oliver is punished for asking for more to eat and how he is therefore sold at three pound ten to a notorious chimney-sweeper. It reveals that the pitiable state of the orphan boy and the cruelty and hypocrisy of the workhouse board. 2. It is taken from Thomas Hardy s Tess of the DUrbervilles. This part describes how Tess forgets about her past misfortune in the beautiful, pastoral dairy farm and unconsciously gives herself up to the attraction of Angel Clare.III. 現(xiàn)代時期I. Each of the statement below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the brackets1. Modernism takes_as its theoretical base.A. the irrational philosophy B. the theory of psycho-analysis C. both A and B D. neither A nor B2. Modernism rose out of_.A. skepticism B. disillusion of capitalism C. irrational philosophy D. al the above 3. Modernism is, in many aspects, a reaction against_.A .romanticism B. Realism C. post-modernism D. all the above4. _is not a movement in the modern period.A. “the Angry Young Men” B. “the Beat Generation” C. “the Lost Generation” D. “the Theater of the Absurd”5. _ is not a representative figure in applying the technique of “the stream of consciousness” in his/her writing.A. D. H. Lawrence B. James Joyce C. Virginia Woolf D. Dorothy Richardson6. Waiting for Godot is regarded as the most famous and influential play of the Theater of Absurd. It is written by_.A. George Bernard Shaw B. Samuel Beckett C. John Galsworthy D. Eugene O Neill7. The Waste Land is_ s most important single poem.A. Ezra Pound B. William Butler Yeats C. Alfred Tennyson D. T. S. Eliot 8. _ is not D. H. Lawrence s work.A. Finnegans Wake B. Sons and Lovers C. Lady Chatterley s Lover D. The RainBow9. _ is not James Joyce s novel.A. Ulysses B. A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man C. Dubliners D. Finnegans Wake 10. “The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock” is written by_.A. W. H. Auden B. D. H. Lawrence C. W. B. Yeats D. T. S. EliotII. Complete each of the following statements with a proper word or a phrase according to the textbook1.The French_, appearing in the late 19th century, heralded modernism.2. Modernism rejects_, which is the theoretical base of realism.3.In stimulating the technical innovations of novel creation, the theory of the Freudian and Jungian_played a particularly important role.4.Most of Bernard Shaw s plays are concerned with political, economic, moral, or religious problems, and, thus, can be termed as_.5._is famous for his frank discussion of “sex” in his works.6.John Galsworthy s trilogy is named_.7._, an American Poet, took English Citizenship in 1927, and became a devout member of Anglican Church.8._is Eliot s most important poetry, revealing the spiritual decadency and meaninglessness of life of the 20th century.9.Most of Joyce s