九年級上知識點歸納

Unit 1 Topic 1I. 重點詞組1.take photos 照相 2.learnfrom向學習 3.in detail 詳細地4.in order to為了 5.give support to 為提供幫助6.see sth. oneself 親眼所見某物 7.keep in touch with 與保持聯(lián)系8.sorts of各種各樣的 9.make progress 取得進步10.draw up 起草,擬定 11.thanks to 由于II.重點句型1. In one place I saw children working for a cruel boss.在一處我看到了孩子們?yōu)闅埲痰睦习甯苫睢?. I felt sorry for them.我對他們深表同情。3. Where have you been, Jane? 你去過哪里，簡?4. She has gone to Cuba to be a volunteer.她去古巴當志愿者了。5. There goes the bell. 鈴響了。6. Though I had no time to travel, I still felt very happy.雖然我沒有時間 去旅行，但是我仍然感到很開心。7. Now our country has developed rapidly.現(xiàn)在我們國家發(fā)展迅速。III.語法1. 現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的構成：助動詞have/has+動詞的過去分詞e.g. You have just come back from your hometown.2. 現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的句式:e.g. (1) I have been to Mount Huang with my parents.(2) I havent seen him for a long time.(3) Where have you been?(4) Have you ever cleaned a room? Yes, I have. / No, I havent.3. have/ has been與 have/has gone 的區(qū)別have/has been to sp.表示曾經(jīng)到過某地 have/has gone to sp.表示已經(jīng)去了某地e.g. (1) I have been to Mount Huang with my parents. (2) She has gone to Cuba to be a volunteer.Unit 1 Topic 2I. 重點詞組1. get lost 迷路 2. each other 彼此 3.at least 至少4take place發(fā)生 5.because of 因為 6.be strict with sb. 對某人嚴格要求 7.carry out 實行 8.be short of 缺乏 13keep up with趕上,跟上9.take measures to do sth.采取措施做某事10.be known as 作為而著名11.work well in doing在方面起作用 12.a couple of 一些II.重點句型1. Have you found him yet? 你已經(jīng)找到他了嗎?2. I really hate to go shopping. 我的確討厭購物。So do I.我也如此。3. But it seems that their living conditions were not very good.但是似乎他們的生活條件不太好。4. But great changes have already taken place in China recently.但是近來中國已發(fā)生了巨大的變化。5. Because of the one-child policy, now most families have only one child.由于我國獨生子女政策的實行，現(xiàn)在大部分家庭只有一個孩子。6. Whats the population of the U.S.A.?美國的人口是多少?7. Whats more, the population in developing countries is growing faster. So it is. 而且，發(fā)展中國家的人口在更快地發(fā)展。 的確如此。8. Our government has taken many measures to control the population.我們的政府已采取了許多控制人口的措施。III.語法：常用于現(xiàn)在完成時的時間狀語：already, just , yet, ever, never, recently.e.g. 1. I have just called you.2. Have you ever been to France? No, Ive never been to any European countries.3. Have you seen him yet? Yes, I have seen him already.Unit 1 Topic 3I. 重點詞組1.get used to sth./ doing sth. 習慣于2.as a matter of fact 事實上3.break out 爆發(fā) 4.live a hard life 過著艱難的生活5.in need of 需要6.provide sb. with sth.= provide sth. for sb.提供某物給某人7.ones success in doing sth. 成功完成某事8.obey strict rules 遵守嚴格的規(guī)則 9.take drugs 吸毒10.aim to do sth. 目的是 11.in the past sixteen years 在過去的十六年里12.at home and abroad 在國內(nèi)外13.pay for 付款14.thousands of 成千上萬的II. 重點句型1You must come for a visit. 請你一定來參觀。2Well, once they find people in deed, they decide on suitable ways to help them. 他們一旦發(fā)現(xiàn)有人需要幫助, 就選定適當?shù)姆绞絹韼椭麄儭?I think it is important for these people to feel good about themselves.我認為對于這些人來說,自我感覺良好是重要的。4The world has changed for the better.世界變得更加美好。5With the money, it has built thousands of schools and trained 2,300 teachers.它用這錢修建了數(shù)千所學校和圖書館并且培訓了2300名教師。III.語法1. 現(xiàn)在完成時: 常與for或since引導的時間狀語連用,表示從過去某一時刻延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。e.g. You have been in New York for a long time.The city has improved a lot since I came here a few years ago.2. 構詞法:合成詞: home +work= homework派生詞: useuseful, happyunhappy仁愛英語九年級Unit2語言點歸納Unit 2 Topic 1I. 重點詞組1. chemical factory 化工廠 6. quite a few 相當多2. pour into 把排放到 7. no better than 同.一樣差3. in a bad mood 處在不好的情緒中 8. in pubic 公開地4. manage to do sth. 設法去做某事 9. all sorts of 各種各樣的5. do harm to / be harmful to 對有害10.in many ways 在許多方面II. 重點句型1. Look, there are several chemical factories pouring waste water into the streams.看, 有幾家化工廠正往河里排放廢水.2. Everything has changed.一切已發(fā)生了變化.3. How long have you been like this? 你像這樣多長時間了?4. Im always in a bad mood because I cant stand the environment here.我的情緒總是很差因為我受不了這里的環(huán)境.5. However, not all people know that noise is also a kind of pollution and is harmful to humans health.然而,并非所有的人都知道噪音也是一種污染, 而且有害于人類健康.III. 語法直接引語和間接引語1. Granny said, “Im feeling even worse.”Granny said that she was feeling even worse.2. “ Do you still want to live here, Granny?” the journalist asked.The journalist asked Granny if she still wanted to live there.3. “ How is the environment around this place?” the journalist asked.The journalist asked how the environment around that place was.Topic 2I. 重點詞組1. as a result 結果 2. here and there 到處3. in the beginning 一開始 4. in danger 處于危險中5. cut down 砍倒 6. change sth. into sth. 把變成7. prevent from 防止 8. greenhouse effect 溫室效應9. refer to 提到 10.deal with 處理11.take up 占據(jù) 12.cut off 中斷II. 重點句型1. As we know, none of us likes pollution.眾所周知,沒有人喜歡污染。2. Humans have come to realize the important of protecting animals.人類逐漸意識到保護動物的重要性。3. Trees can also stop the wind blowing the earth away.樹木也能防風固土。4. Cutting down trees is harmful to human beings, animals and plants.砍伐樹木對人類、動植物都有害。5. Some things weve done are very good for earth while some are not good.我們所做的, 有些對地球很好,而有些不利。6. They can also prevent the water from washing the earth away.它們也能阻止水土流失。7. When it rains or when the wind blows, the earth is taken away.天一下雨或刮風, 土就會被沖走或刮走。III. 語法不定代詞:1. 定義: 指的是那些不指明代替任何特定名詞或形容詞的代詞。2. 用法: 在句中可作主語、賓語、表語、定語等。something , somebody, anything, anybody等作主語時，通常視為單數(shù)。當形容詞修飾它們時，要放在其后。e.g. But the government has done something useful to protect the environment.Topic 3I. 重點詞組1. not onlybut also 不僅而且2. be supposed to 應該3. ought to 應該 4. turn off 關掉5. instead of 代替 6. on time 準時7. make sure 確保 8. push forward向前推9. push down 向下 10.pull up 向上拉II. 重點句型1. For example, we should use both sides of paper and reuse plastic bags.例如,我們應該用紙的兩面,并且重新使用塑料袋。2. Everyone is supposed to do that.每個人都有義務那樣做.3. First, you ought to turn off the lights when you leave a room.首先, 你離開房間時應該隨手關燈。4. Easier said than done. 說起來容易做起來難。5. Well, actions speak louder than words.嗯, 百說不如一做。6. There will be a lot of hard work to do tomorrow, so make sure you go to bed early tonight.明天有許多繁重的活要干,今晚一定要早睡。III. 語法并列句：由兩個或兩個以上并列而又相互獨立的簡單句構成。結構為：簡單句+并列連詞+簡單句常用的并列連詞有：and, or, but, while, not only but alsoe.g. 1. The river is dirty and the temperature of the earth is rising.2. They work well, but they are slow and cant run for long.Unit 3 Topic1一.重點詞語1.be able to=can 能夠,會2.cant wait to do sth.迫不急待地做某事3.have a (good) chance to do sth.有(好)機會做某事4.practice doing sth.練習做某事5.be made by被制做;be made of/from由制成;be made in在某地制造6.on business出差7.be similar to和相似8.translateinto把翻譯成9.have no/some trouble (in) doing sth.做某事沒有/有些困難10.once in a while=sometimes/at times偶爾,間或11.whenever=no matter when無論何時12.as well as以及 13.mother tongue 母語14.take the leading position處于領先地位15.encourage sb. to do sth.鼓勵某人做某事16.call for號召二.重點句型1.Disneyland is enjoyed by millions of people from all over the world.世界上數(shù)以百萬的人們都喜歡迪斯尼樂園。2.I hope I can go there one day. 希望有一天我能去那兒。3.English is widely spoken around the world.英語在世界上被廣泛使用。4.It is also spoken as a second language in many countries.在許多國家它也被用作第二語言。5.It is possible that you will have some trouble.你可能會遇到一些麻煩。6.Its used as the first language by most people in America,Canada,Australia ,Great Britain andNew Zealand.它被美國、加拿大、澳大利亞、英國和新西蘭的大多數(shù)人用作第一語言。7.And two thirds of the worlds scientists read English.并且世界上三分之二的科學家用英語閱讀。三.語法學習一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)英語語態(tài)有主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)兩種。主語是動作的執(zhí)行者，叫主動語態(tài)。如：We clean the classroom.我們打掃教室。主語是動作的承受者，叫被動語態(tài)。如：The classroom is cleaned (by us).教室被(我們)打掃。1. 被動語態(tài)的構成：助動詞be+及物動詞的過去分詞+(by+賓語)其中by意為“被;由”，表動作的執(zhí)行者。如：The glass is broken by that boy.玻璃杯是那個男孩打破的。be有人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化，其肯定式、否定式、疑問式的變化規(guī)則與be作為連系動詞時完全一樣。如：English is widely spoken around the world. (肯定式)English is not widely spoken around the world. (否定式)Is English widely spoken around the world? (疑問式)Yes, it is./No, it isnt.2. 被動語態(tài)的用法：(1)在沒有指明動作的執(zhí)行者或者不知道動作執(zhí)行者的情況下可用被動語態(tài)。如：This coat is made of cotton.這件大衣是棉制的。(2)要強調動作的承受者而不是執(zhí)行者時，用被動語態(tài)。如：Her bike is stolen.她的自行車被偷了。3. 主、被動語態(tài)的轉換：主動語態(tài)：主語+及物動詞謂語動詞+賓語(+其它)被動語態(tài)：主語+be+及物動詞的過去分詞+by+賓語(+其它)注意：(1)主動、被動互轉時，時態(tài)不變。(2)主動句的主語是代詞的主格形式，變成被動態(tài)by的賓語時，要用賓格形式。如：(1) People grow rice in the south. Rice is grown (by people) in the south.(2) She takes care of the baby. The baby is taken care of (by her).四.交際用語：談論英語的廣泛使用1.-Youll have a good chance to practice speaking English there.-Youre right.2.-But Im not good at English. Im a little afraid. -Dont worry.3.-Is Spanish similar to English? -Not really.Topic 2一. 重點詞語1.by the way 順便說一下 2.depend on取決于;依靠3.be different from與不同 4.succeed in成功，達成5.make yourself understood表達你自己的意思6.on ones way to 在某人去的路上7.see sb. Off給送行8.leave for前往某地/leavefor離開去9.in twenty minutes二十分鐘之后10.written English筆頭英語/oral English英語口語11.generally speaking一般說來，大致上說12.as for sb./sth.至于某人/某物13.be close to靠近 14.in person身體上，外貌上;親自15.be found of愛好 17.even worse 更糟的是16.be forced to do sth.被迫做/force sb.to do強迫某人做某事二.重點句型Is Australia English the same as British English? 澳式英語和英式英語一樣嗎?2.English is spoken differently in different English-speaking countries.不同的國家使用不同的英語。3. For example, there are differences between British English and American English.例如，在英式英語和美式英語之間有些不同點。4 I cant believe that Im flying to Disneyland.我簡直不敢相信我就要飛往迪斯尼樂園了。5.I hope I wont have any difficulty.我希望不會遇到什么困難。6.Whenever you need help, send me an-mail or telephone me.無論何時你需要幫忙，給我發(fā)電子郵件或打電話。7.Not only children but also adults enjoy spending their holidays in Disneyland.不但青少年而且成年人也喜歡到迪斯尼樂園度假。三、 語法學習用現(xiàn)在進行時表示將來現(xiàn)在進行時表示將來時，常有“意圖”、“安排”(但不是固定不變的)或“打算”含義。它表示最近或較近的將來，所用的動詞多是位移動詞。如：come, go, arrive, leave, fly, start, begin, return, open, die例：Im going.我要走了。 When are you starting?你什么時候動身?Dont worry. The train is arriving here soon.別著急，火車馬上就到了。表示將來的現(xiàn)在進行時除了用于位移動詞外，亦可用于某些非位移動詞。如：My uncle is meeting us tomorrow.我叔叔明天會見我們。She is buying a new bike soon.她不久將買一輛新自行車。四.交際用語：談論不同國家英語的不同點并了解交際中的身體語言1.I cant follow you. Can you speak more slowly, please?2.Oh, it sounds interesting.3.If you want to succeed in making yourself understood, you need to know some of these differences4.-Whats up? -The foreigner is asking for a ride.5.Generally speaking, American English is different from British English in pronunciation and spelling.Topic 3一、 重點詞語1.in public在公共場所 2.at times=sometimes有時3.feel like doing=would like to do想要做4.give up sth./doing sth.放棄 5.turn to sb. for help求助于某人6.give sb. some advice on/about給某人一些有關的建議7.be weak in在方面很差/be good at在方面很好8.be afraid of doing sth.害怕做某事 9.make mistakes犯錯誤10.take a deep breath深呼吸 11.the best time to do做某事最好的時間12.do some listening practice做些聽力訓練 13.reply to=answer回答14.advise sb. to do建議某人做某事(名詞advice)二、 重點句型1.Could you make yourself understood in the U.S.A?在美國，別人能懂得你的話嗎?2.I dont know what to do.我不知道該怎么辦?3.At times I feel like giving up.有時我想要放棄。4.Try to guess the meanings of the new words, and get the main idea of the article.盡量猜測生詞的意思，理解文章的大意。5.I dare not answer questions in class, because Im afraid of making mistakes.我不敢在課堂上回答問題，困為我害怕犯錯誤。6.Its an honor to talk with all of you.與在座的各位交談是我的榮幸。7.But remember to choose the ones that fit you best.但是記住要選擇最適合你的一種。8.I insist that you practice English every day.我堅持認為你們每天都應該練習英語。9.Believing in yourself is the first step on the road to success.自信是通往成功的第一步。三、 語法學習wh- +to do wh-是指when, where, which, who(m)及how等連接詞，它們和動詞不定式連用，即為wh- +to do結構。這種結構在句中常作主語、表語和賓語，作賓語時可以轉換為賓語從句。(對于謂語動詞來說，wh- +to do這個不定式動詞的動作是個尚未發(fā)生的動作，所以在轉換成賓語從句時，通常須加情態(tài)動詞或用將來時表示未來。)如：I dont know what to do.=I dont know what I should do.She cant decide which to buy.=she cant decide which she will buy.反之，如果主句中的主語與賓語從句中的主語一致時，賓語從句(由疑問詞引導)通?？梢耘c“疑問詞+不定式”互相轉換。如：I dont know what I should do.=I dont know what to do.如果不一致就不能轉換。I want to know what Mary will do.(不能說:I want to know what to do.)四、交際用語：談論如何學習英語1.-, but I hate to speak English in public. -Youd better not.2.-I know its very important to learn English well. But its difficult for me. -Me, too.3.Have you ever had any difficulties in studying English?4.-, could you give us some advice on how to learn English well?-Youd better follow the tape and do some listening practice.I think the best time to remember new words is in the morning.Unit 4 Topic 1一、重點詞匯：(一)詞形轉換：1. successful(副詞) 2. proper(副詞)3. completely(動詞) 4. leader(動詞)5. succeed(名詞) 6. hero(復數(shù))7. physics(形容詞) 8. fix(同義詞)9. introduce(名詞) 10. far(比較級)(二)重點詞組：1. go around 環(huán)繞 2. sendinto =send upinto 把送入3. congratulations on sth 祝賀某事4. be proud of 為而自豪5. be moved by 為而感動6. Thanks/Thank you for +n./ving sth 感謝某人做的某事7. have physical examinations 做體檢8. in good/bad health 處于好(不好)的身體狀態(tài)9. cant help doing 情不自禁做 10. take turn to (do sth) 輪流(做某事)11. no doubt 無疑地 12. as well as 除的之外，也13. for instance/example 例如14. work on 做(方面)的工作15. depend on/upon 依靠，依賴 16. turn on 打開17. turn off 關掉 18. turn up 開大19. turn down 關小 20. click on 用鼠標點擊21. look forward to doing sth 期待做某事二、重點句型：1. Now big plans are being made to send up more satellites and even build a space station. 現(xiàn)在中國正在計劃發(fā)射更多的衛(wèi)星，甚至建造一個空間站。(1) 句子“are being made”是現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)，結構“be being+過去分詞”。(2) 主動句中的賓補如果是不帶to的不定式時，變成被動句后，成為主補的不定式必須帶to,常見跟不帶to的復合賓語的動詞有see、feel、hear、make等。2. Im moved by what Yang Liwei did. 我被楊利偉所做的事感動了。(1) What Yang Liwei did 是介詞by的賓語從句，意為“楊利偉所做的事”(2) be moved by 為而感動 如：The students are moved by the old mans story.同學們?yōu)槟俏焕先说墓适露袆印?. Generally speaking, we are in good health now.一般來說，我們現(xiàn)在的健康狀況良好。(1) generally speaking “一般來說、大體上、大概”(2) in good/bad health 處于好(不好)的身體狀況。如:He has a cold, he is always in bad health. 他感冒了，他的身體狀況總是不好。4. We couldnt help looking at the earth again and again.我們?nèi)滩蛔≡偃乜粗厍颉?(1) cant/couldnt help doing sth. 忍不住做某事，不能停止做某事。如： I cant help crying. 我忍不住哭了。(2) again and again 一再，屢次，如：The teacher has told him again and again.老師已屢次和他講過了。5. I was able to fall asleep as soon as I got into the sleeping bag.We took turns to have a rest. 一進入睡袋我就睡著了。我們輪流休息。take turns to (do sth.) 輪流(做某事)。The Browns take turns to look after the baby. 布朗一家輪流照看這個嬰兒。6. It has proved that China has made great progress in developing its space industry. 這證明了中國航天業(yè)的發(fā)展已取得了巨大的進步。It has proved that 這證明了7.There is no doubt that computers are widely used by workers in business and technology.毫無疑問,電腦被商業(yè),科技工作者廣泛地應用.There is no doubt that 譯為“毫無疑問”如:There is no doubt that we should protect the environment.毫無疑問我們應該保護環(huán)境。8. Computers have made the world smaller, like a “village”.電腦使得世界變小了，就像一個“村莊”。make+賓語+形容詞 “使怎樣”如：Well try our best to make our country more and more beautiful.我們將盡全力使我產(chǎn)的國家越來越美麗.三、日常交際用語：Congratulations!Thanks for your introduction.Pleased to meet you. =Nice to meet you.Its an honor to interview you now.What do you think of ShenZhou VI? =What are your thoughts about ShenZhou VI?四、重點語法：賓語補足語: 賓語補足語用來補充說明賓語，與賓語一起構成復合賓語?？勺髻e語補足語的有名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞和動詞不定式等。(一)、名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語作賓語補足語。如：1.We call him Jim.(名詞) 我們叫他吉姆。2.We must keep our school clean every day.(形容詞) 我們必須每天保持校園清潔。3.Call him in, please.(副詞) 請叫他進來。4.Leave it on the desk.(介詞短語) 把它留在課桌上。(二)、動詞不定式作賓語補足語可分為三種情況：1.跟帶to的不定式作賓語補足語。常見的這類動詞有：ask, tell, get, teach, want, invite, like, allow, wish, encourage等。如：Tell Jane to sing us a song.叫簡給我們唱支歌。2.跟不帶to的不定式作賓語補足語。常見的這類動詞有“一感(feel)、二聽(listen to, hear),三讓(make, let, have),四看(look at, see, watch, notice)如：Lets have a rest.讓我們休息一會兒。但這種結構變成被動語態(tài)時，to必須加上。如：He was seen to leave the room with a book in his hand.有人見他手拿著一本書離開這個房間。3.跟帶to或不帶to的動詞不定式作賓語補足語。這類動詞只有help。如：Can you help me (to) wash my clothes ? 你能幫我洗衣服嗎?(三)、分詞作賓語補足語可分為兩種情況。1.現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補足語，經(jīng)常表示正在發(fā)生的動作?？筛@類補足語的動詞有：see, watch, hear等。如：I hear somebody singing in the next room. 我聽見有人在隔壁唱歌。2.過去介詞作賓語補足語，經(jīng)常表示被動。如：You need to have your hair cut. 你需要理發(fā)了。Topic 2一、 重點詞匯：1. be used for +ving 被用做2. come true 實現(xiàn)3. Its said that 據(jù)說 4. during/in ones life 某人一生5. be known as 以(身份)而著名6. know/say for certain 確切知道/肯定地說 7. all the time 一直、總是8. no longer=notany longer 不再(no more, notany more)9. as long as 只要 10. as far as 就，盡11. make a great contribution 對作出巨大貢獻12. the rest of the time 在其余地時間里13. at any time 在任何時候二、 重點句型：1. Because Im not allowed to play computer games. 因為我不可以玩電腦游戲。allow “允許、準許”的意思。常用于以下幾種形式：(1) allow +n./prep 如： We cant allow such a thing. 我們不容許這種事情發(fā)生。(2) allow sb. to do sth 允許某人做某事 如： She allowed me to go fishing.她允許我去釣魚。(3) allow +doing sth 允許做某事 如： We dont allow smoking in the reading-room.我們不允許在閱覽室吸煙。(4) be allowed to do sth 如：被允許做某事The students are allowed to play games on the play ground after school.放學后學生們被準許在操場上做游戲。2. How do you say this in English? 這用英語怎么說?其意思與Whats this in English相同。3. Its made from wood. 它用木材做的。(1) be made