初二英語上冊時態(tài).doc

初二英語上冊時態(tài)1英語語學習輔導篇：初二冊（上）動詞時態(tài)全搜索A篇時態(tài)檔案1.一般現(xiàn)在時概念解說 一般現(xiàn)在時表示現(xiàn)在的一段時間內(nèi)經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。其謂語動詞第三人稱單數(shù)要在詞尾加-s或-es，其余用原形。與它形影不離、親密無間的頻度副詞和時間狀語有often, always，sometimes, usually, every day等。用法點擊 1)表示現(xiàn)在存在的習慣、經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。如：Lucy works very hard. 2)表示客觀真理或事實。如：The earth moves around the sun. 3)表示按計劃、安排將要發(fā)生的動作。這時的謂語動詞一般是一些表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移或有開始意義的詞。例如：The meeting starts at seven tomorrow. 4)在here, there開頭的句子中，常用一般現(xiàn)在時取代現(xiàn)在進行時。如：There goes the bell! 2.現(xiàn)在進行時概念解說 表示現(xiàn)在正在進行的動作。其構(gòu)成形式是：am / is / are + doing 用法點擊 1)表示現(xiàn)在(說話瞬間)正在進行或發(fā)生的動作。如：What is he doing in the next room at the moment? 2)表示當前一段時間或現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作。如：Mr Green is writing a book these days. 3)表示按計劃即將發(fā)生的事情，常與go, come, leave等詞連用。如：The train is leaving for Beijing soon. 4)現(xiàn)在進行時與always連用，還可表示贊嘆、厭煩、表揚、批評等不同情感。如：Joy is always helping others. (表揚) 3.一般過去時概念解說 表示過去發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，講述過去的事實。與一般過去時不見不散的close friends有yesterday, the day before yesterday, last year / month / night / week, just now, two days ago, then, in 1999 / 1988等。用法點擊 1)表示過去發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。如：John had a birthday party last Monday. 2)表示過去連續(xù)發(fā)生的一連串動作。如：Mother went to a bookshop and bought an English dictionary for me this morning. 3)表示過去某一段時間內(nèi)經(jīng)常、反復發(fā)生的動作。如：When I was young, I always played football after school. 4.一般將來時概念解說 一般將來時表示在將來某一時間將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，也可表示將來某一段時間內(nèi)經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。它常與表示將來的時間狀語如soon, tomorrow, next week, in a few days, the day after tomorrow等合作。Unit 9 Good Health一. 教學內(nèi)容：Unit 9 Part 1 學會討論有關(guān)健康的話題，學會表達征求意見和提出建議，學會表達將來行為的條件。二. 本周教學重點：1. Talk about health problems and remedies .2. Ask for and give advice.3. Words study.三. 具體內(nèi)容：（一）1. Talk about health problems and remedies. Health problems: have a toothache have a headachehave a stomachachehave a coughhave a sore throat Give advice with should and shouldnt. see a doctortake some medicinedrink more waterYou should do sportsdrink some milk at nighthave a restgo outeat hot foodtalk a lot or shout You shouldnt smoke eat hot food play computer games at night.2. give advice with should and shouldnt.Bad habitsGood habitsGo to bed lateDont do much exerciseDont eat breakfastEat too much chocolate bar or chips, but dont like vegetables Get enough sleep.Get more fresh air.Eat three healthy meals every day.Eat more vegetables and less fast food.3. Read the information in the table and make sentences using should and shouldnt.Protect your eyesight.shouldshouldnthave your eyes checkedrest your eyes from time to timedo eye exerciseslook at green objectsread when there isnt a lot of lightplay computer games for too longread on a buswatch too much TV（二）Read the text and complete the sentences with correct words.If you go to a fast food restaurant or a snack bar, you will probably see a lot of teenagers. Today, many teenagers are overweight, and some of this is because of their bad eating habits. Most teenagers love food with a lot of fat, oil, salt, and sugar. People often call this type of food “junk food”.But bad eating habits go beyond fast food. Many teenagers find it difficult to eat healthily. Some dont have breakfast before they go to school. During the day, some dont have a proper meal for lunch. In a recent survey at one school, scientists found that over two-thirds of the students didnt follow a healthy diet. Nearly half of the students didnt like vegetables, and many of them didnt like to eat fruits. They preferred to eat food with a lot of salt, sugar, or fat.Parents today also worry about their childrens diet. Some doctors give the following advice:Teenagers shouldnt eat too much junk food.Teenagers shouldnt eat food with too much salt. Salt can cause high blood pressure in the future.Teenagers should eat food with less fat, oil, and sugar.Teenagers need to eat some fruits and vegetables every day. Fruits and vegetables are rich in vitamins and have little fat.Teenagers need to drink more milk. Milk will help their bones grow.Teenagers need to eat breakfast every day. This is good for their body and mind.Complete the sentences with correct words.Junk food has too much , oil, salt, and .Too much salt might cause high when teenagers grow up.Vegetables and fruits are good for you because they have a lot of .Teenagers should drink more milk, so they have strong .Word study:1. beyond 是個介詞，意思是“在更遠處，在那邊；向那一邊，越過”。藥片應該放在幼兒夠不到的地方。 The pills should be placed beyond the babys reach.他的誠實是毋庸置疑的。 His honesty is beyond question.2. find + it + adj. to do 覺得做某事很。it是形式賓語，to do是真正的賓語。許多人感到很難通過GRE考試。 Many people find it difficult to pass GRE.我覺得和他說話很放松，他很和善。 I found it easy to talk to him. He is a nice man.他覺得呆在實驗室里觀察植物生長很有趣。 He found it interesting to stay in the lab and watch the plants grow.3. worry about 為某事焦慮。21世紀教育網(wǎng)別為我擔心，我會平安回來的。Dont worry about me. Ill come back safely.她很為兒子擔心，他現(xiàn)在正在伊拉克。 She worries a lot about her son, who is now in Iraq.4. be rich in富含，盛產(chǎn)。 be low in含量少.我的家總是充滿了親情和理解。My family is always rich in love and understanding.據(jù)說這些島上盛產(chǎn)石油。 It is said that these islands are rich in oil.我們應該吃低熱量的食品。 We should eat the food that is low in calories.課堂練習：I. 翻譯句子。1. 首先，你應該保證足夠睡眠。_ _ _, you should get enough sleep.2. 讓我來量你的體溫。Let me _ _ _.3. 水果和蔬菜富含維生素。Fruits and vegetables _ _ _ vitamins.4. 每天吃早餐對青少年的身心都有好處。Eating breakfast everyday _ _ _ teenagers body and mind.5. 父母們對孩子們的飲食感到焦慮。Parents _ _ _ their childrens diet.6. 食用過量的鹽能導致高血壓。Eating too much salt can _ _ blood pressure.7. 做運動能讓你身體健康。Doing exercises can _ your body _.21世紀教育網(wǎng)8. 你需要吃含有維生素的食品。You _ _ eat food _ vitamin.9. 我怎么才能減肥呢？What can I do _ _ _.21世紀教育網(wǎng)II. 單項選擇。1. Lily _ read a book when she was young.A. couldnt B. cant C. shouldnt 2. Everyone _ be polite to their parents. A. could B. should C. may 3. Could you please give me _? 21世紀教育網(wǎng)Sure. A. some advice B. an advice C. any advice4. I think you could _ some money from your friends.21世紀教育網(wǎng)A. ask B. get C. borrow初中英語語法梳理和提高名詞綜合練習和答案名 詞表示人、事物、地方、現(xiàn)象或抽象概念等的名稱的詞。知識梳理：提綱挈領(lǐng)，抓住重點和難點！一、名詞的分類 名詞類 別意 義例 詞專有名詞表示具體的人名、事物、國家、地名、機構(gòu)、團體等的專有名稱Jim , China, Qingdao, the UK, the Great Wall普通名詞可數(shù)名詞個體名詞表示單個人的人或事物girl, student, factory, desk, cat , country集合 名詞表示一群人或一些事物的總稱people, police, team, clothes, group, crew不可數(shù)名詞物質(zhì)名詞表示無法分為個體的物質(zhì)water, ice, pork, cheese, cotton, broccoli抽象名詞表示抽象概念的詞fun, healthy, happiness, courage, love, care注：1.專有名詞是指人、地方、團體、機構(gòu)等特有的名稱。第一個字母必須大寫。專有名詞前一般不加冠詞。 2、有普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞前要用定冠詞the，但它不大寫。 3、有些不可數(shù)名詞有時表示為具體的東西時，則變?yōu)榭蓴?shù)名詞，而且以四上也有了變化。eg. beer -a beer 一杯啤酒， work- a work 工廠，著作 ，glass-a glass 一個玻璃杯， room空間-a room一個房間名詞的所有格名詞的所有格是表示名詞之間的所有關(guān)系,有兩種表示形式, 一種是在名詞后+s；另一種是用of, 表示 的。1. (1) 一般詞的所有格, 直接在詞尾 +s。 eg. Mr. Motts robot, childrens clothes (2) 以s結(jié)尾的名詞所有格只在詞尾 + eg. teachers books(3) 兩人共有的物體, 則在第二個名詞后+s; 如果分別是兩人所有, 則在每個名詞后面 +s。 eg. Lucy and Lilys room. (指兩人共住一個房間) Mrs Greens and Mrs Browns son. (指兩人各自的兒子) (4) 表示某具體場所時, 所有格后面的名詞可省略 eg. the doctors (office) Mr. Whites2.(1) 沒有生命的事物一般用of 短語來表示所屬關(guān)系。 eg. the wall of the classroom，a picture of the bedroom， (2) 名詞的的定語較長時,有生命的事物也可用of短語表示。 eg. a long story of a 50-year-old man(4)雙重所有格 eg. a friend of his, the big nose of Toms(5)有些表示時間、距離、國家、城市等無生命的東西的名詞，也可以加s來構(gòu)成所有格。 eg. ten minutes walk, todays newspaper例題解析：舉一反三，學的更輕松！1. They got much _ from those new books. A. ideas B. photos C. news D. stories 解析: much 是用來修飾不可數(shù)名詞的, A B D三個選項均是可是名詞的復數(shù)形式, C項為不可數(shù)名詞, 因此選C.2. I have two _ and three bottles of _ here. A. orange, orange B. oranges, oranges C. oranges, orange D. orange, oranges解析: orange 有兩種含義, 一種可數(shù)名詞橘子, 另一種是不可數(shù)名詞橘汁, 此題第一空應填可數(shù)名詞, 第二空填不可數(shù)名詞, 因此選 C。3. Every evening M r. King takes a _ to his home . A. 25 minutes walk B. 25 minutes walk C. 25 minute walk D. 25 minutes walk解析: 句中的 minute應該用其復數(shù)的所有格形式,只+,而不能+s,因此選A。4. An old _ wants to see you. A. people B. person C. the people D. the person解析: person 與people 都有人 的意思, 但用法不同. 一個人用 a person,兩個人 用 two persons; people 泛指 人們是集合名詞,表示復數(shù), the people 指 人民, a people 指 一個民族. 應選B。5. Help yourself to _. A. chickens and apples B. chickens and apple C. chicken and apple D. chicken and apples解析: chicken 可用作可數(shù)名詞指小雞,用作不可數(shù)名詞指雞肉,根據(jù)詞題意應理解為雞肉;apple為可數(shù)名詞, 故應+s, 因此選D。6. Oh, dear. I forgot the two _. A. rooms number B. rooms number C. room numbers D. rooms numbers解析: room number 房間號碼. room可直接用作定語修飾后面的名詞 . 類似的還有my phsics teacher, two bus drivers 等. 應選C。7. She has been in Tianjin for ten years. Tianjin has become her second _. A. family B. house C. home D. room解析: family指的是家庭或是家庭成員; house指的是房子(住所); room 指的是房間;而home 指的是家, 因此選C.8. _ mothers couldnt go to the meeting, because they have gone to Shanghai . A. Mary and Peters B. Mary and Peter C. Marys and Peter D. Marys and Peters解析: 此句中 mothers是復數(shù),表示兩個人各自的母親,因此應選D。9. Li Lei has been to _ many times this month. A. her uncle B. her uncles C. her uncles D. aunts解析: 此句意為 李雷這個去她舅舅家多次. 表示具體場所時, 可省去所有格后面的名詞.因此選B。10. He is a success as a leader but he hasnt _ in teaching. A. many experiences B. much experience C. an experience D. a lot experience解析: experience 作 經(jīng)驗 講時是不可數(shù)名詞, 作 經(jīng)歷講時是可數(shù)名詞. 本句中應理解為 經(jīng)驗,因此是不可數(shù)名詞,排除 A C. 又因 a lot of , lots of, plenty of 只用于肯定句, 不用于否定句, 因此選B。11. A classmate of _ was here ten minutes ago. A. you B. your C. your sister D. your sisters解析: 此題考查名詞的雙重所有格.應選D。12. A group of _ are talking with two _. A. Frenchmen, Germans B. Germans ,Frenchmans C. Frenchmans , Germen D. Germen , Frenchmen解析: Frenchman 是復合詞,其復數(shù)形式為 Frenchmen; German 的復數(shù)為直接在單詞末尾+S, 應選A.13.The team _ having a meeting . A. is B. are C. am D. be解析: team 是一個集合名詞,即可表示復數(shù)意義(指整個小組) , 也可指小組中的成員(表示復數(shù)), 此題意為后者, 因此選B。14. Would you like _? _, please.A. drink, Three coffees B. a cup of drink, CoffeesC. a drink, A coffee D. a drink, Three cups of coffees解析: drink 和coffee是不可數(shù)名詞, 可以用of來表示數(shù)量, eg, three cups of coffee,當前面加a 時,則表示一杯因此選C。15. The Great Wall was made not only by _, but also the flesh and blood of _ men.A.earth and stone, millions of B. earths and stones, millions C. the earth and stone, million of D. the earths and stones, millions解析：earth 是不可數(shù)名詞，因此刪除B D,數(shù)以百萬的應為millions of . 因此選A。練習與鞏固：熟能生巧，取得好成績！ 選擇最佳答案：1 Last night, there was a food accident. The _ were ill, but no _ were lost. A. child, lives B. children, life C. children, lives D. child, life2. -This is a photo of _ when they were young. -OK, how happy they both looked! A. my father and mother B. my mother and fathers C. my mothers and fathers D.my fathers and my mother3. The new student is in _ , Grade Two. A. Class Third B. Third Class C. Class Three D. Three class 4. Today is September 10th. Its _ Day. Lets go and buy some flowers for our teachers. A. Teachers B. Teachers C. the Teachers D. Teachers5. The market isnt far from here. Its only _ bicycle ride. A.half an hours B. half an hours C. half an hour D. an hour and a half6. - What would you like to drink, girls? - _, please. A.Two cup of coffee B. Two cups of coffe C. Two cups of coffee D. Two cups of coffees7. During Christmas, people get together and sing Christmas songs for _. A. fun B. wishes C. interest D. thanks8. Some _ are flying kites near the river. A. chi