狀語(yǔ)從句表格

狀語(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)從句 狀語(yǔ)從句是副詞性從句 它在句子中擔(dān)任狀語(yǔ) 修飾主句的動(dòng)詞 形容詞 副詞動(dòng)詞 形容詞 副詞或句子句子 根據(jù)修 飾的方面 狀語(yǔ)從句可以分為以下九種 1 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句 2 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句 3 原因狀語(yǔ)從句 原因狀語(yǔ)從句 4 目的狀語(yǔ)從句 目的狀語(yǔ)從句 5 結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句 結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句 6 條件狀語(yǔ)從句 條件狀語(yǔ)從句 7 方式狀語(yǔ)從句 方式狀語(yǔ)從句 8 讓步狀語(yǔ)從句讓步狀語(yǔ)從句 9 比較狀語(yǔ)從句比較狀語(yǔ)從句 種類種類從屬連詞從屬連詞例例 句句說(shuō)說(shuō) 明明 when whenever When I came into the room he was writing a letter 當(dāng)我進(jìn)屋時(shí) 他正在寫信 We shall go there whenever we are free 我們什么時(shí)間有空 我們就去那里 when 指的是 某一具體的時(shí) 間 whenever 指的是 在任何一 個(gè)不具體的時(shí)間 比較比較 并列連詞 when I was walking along the street when suddenly someone patted me on the shoulder from behind 我正在街上走著 這時(shí)忽然有人從后 面拍我的肩膀 when 意為 這時(shí) 或 在那 個(gè)時(shí)候 可以看作是并列句 這種用法的 when 分句一般 位于句末 while While it was raining they went out 天下雨的時(shí)候 他們出去了 I stayed while he was away 他不在的時(shí)候我在 All of us are working hard while he is sleeping 然而 并列連詞 while 指 在某一段時(shí)間里 在 期間 while 引導(dǎo)的 動(dòng)作必須是持續(xù)性的 as He hurried home looking behind as he went 他趕快回家 一邊走一邊向后看 As time goes by I like China better 隨著時(shí)間的流逝 我越來(lái)越喜歡中國(guó) as 一邊 一邊 引導(dǎo)持續(xù)性 動(dòng)作 強(qiáng)調(diào)主句和從句的動(dòng) 作同時(shí)發(fā)生 隨著 before Be a pupil before you become a teacher 先做學(xué)生 再做先生 I finished my task before I went home 我做完作業(yè)才回家 before 譯為 在 之前 才 就 after He arrived after the game started 比賽開(kāi)始后 他到了 時(shí)時(shí) 間間 狀狀 語(yǔ)語(yǔ) 從從 句句 till until We waited till until he came back 我們一直等到他回來(lái) She didn t stop working until eleven o clock 她到 11 點(diǎn)鐘才停止工作 Until he had passed out of sight she stood there 她站在那里看著 直到看不見(jiàn)他的身 影 如主句動(dòng)詞是持續(xù)性動(dòng)作持續(xù)性動(dòng)作 常用肯定式 表示 直到 為止 如主句動(dòng)詞是瞬間動(dòng)瞬間動(dòng) 詞詞 要用否定式 表示 直 才 在 以前不 從句放在句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào) 一 般用 until since Great changes have taken place in China since 1978 自從 1978 年以來(lái)中國(guó)發(fā)生了巨大的 變化 主句動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為持續(xù)性持續(xù)性的 從 句動(dòng)詞為瞬間瞬間的 狀語(yǔ)從句在主句之前時(shí)一般 用逗號(hào)與主句分開(kāi) 如從句 在主句之后則不必用標(biāo)點(diǎn)符 號(hào) as soon as hardly when no sooner than the moment the instant the second immediately directly instantly As soon as I arrive in Shanghai I ll write to you 我一到上海就給你寫信 I had hardly got home when it began to rain 我剛一到家 就下雨了 Hardly had I got home when it began to rain No sooner had we got to the station than the train left 我們剛到車站 火車就走了 Hardly had we begun when we were told to stop 我們剛開(kāi)始就被叫停 The moment I heard the song I felt cheerful 我一聽(tīng)到這首歌 就感到很愉快 hardly when 和 no sooner than 的意義相當(dāng)于 as soon as 但只表示過(guò)去發(fā)生 的事情 主句為過(guò)去完成時(shí) 從句為過(guò)去時(shí) 如 hardly 或 no sooner 位于句首時(shí)語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng) 而且主句的謂語(yǔ)要用部分倒 裝 every time each time last time next time by the time Every time I traveled by boat I got seasick 我每次乘船都暈船 Next time you come you ll see him 下次你來(lái)的時(shí)候 就會(huì)見(jiàn)到他 在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中 不能用 將來(lái)時(shí)或過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí) 而要 用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過(guò)去時(shí) 代替將來(lái)時(shí) 地地 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 狀狀 語(yǔ)語(yǔ) 從從 句句 where wherever Where there is a will there is a way 有志者 事竟成 Where there is water there is life 哪里有水 哪里就有生命 You are free to go wherever you want to 你可以隨意到你喜歡的任何地方去 Wherever you go you must obey the law 無(wú)論你去哪都要遵守法律 where 與 wherever 意義基本 相同 但后者語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng) 多 用于書面語(yǔ) because I came back late yesterday because I was on duty 昨天我回來(lái)晚了 因?yàn)槲抑蛋?because 用來(lái)回答 why 的問(wèn) 題 語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)一般放在主句 之后 since Since everyone is here let s begin our meeting 既然大家都到了 我們開(kāi)始開(kāi)會(huì) since 表示既然或全已知的理 由 稍加分析即可表明的原因 多放句首原原 因因 狀狀 語(yǔ)語(yǔ) 從從 句句 as 比較 并列連詞并列連詞 for As he didn t know much English he looked up the word in the dictionary 由于他英語(yǔ)懂得不多 他在字典中查 閱這個(gè)單詞 It must have rained last night for the ground is still wet 昨天一定下過(guò)雨 從句常放在句首 說(shuō)明次要 的原因 主句說(shuō)明結(jié)果 常 用于口語(yǔ)中 for 連接的是并列句 地還濕呢 now that seeing that considering that Now that the weather has cleared up we can start our journey 鑒于天氣已經(jīng)晴朗 我們可以啟程了 Seeing that he was badly ill we sent for the doctor 鑒于他病情嚴(yán)重 我們派人去請(qǐng)醫(yī)生 去了 considering that seeing that now that 和 since 意義相似 都有 鑒于某個(gè)事實(shí) 的意 思 that 可以省去 目目 的的 狀狀 語(yǔ)語(yǔ) 從從 句句 so that in order that lest for fear that I shall write down your telephone number so that I may not forget 我要把你的電話號(hào)碼記下來(lái) 以免忘 記 We ll tell you the truth so that you can judge for yourself 我把真實(shí)情況告訴你 以便你能自己 做出判斷 They worked harder than usual in order that they could finish the work ahead of time 他們比往常更加努力工作 為了能提 前完成工作 Put on more clothes lest for fear that you should catch cold 多穿點(diǎn)衣服 以免以免患感冒 目的狀語(yǔ)從句中常用情態(tài)動(dòng) 詞 may might can could should 等放在動(dòng)詞之前 從 句往往放在主句之后 主從 句之間不用任何標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào) 注意 so that 和 in order that 與 so as to 和 in order to 的轉(zhuǎn) 換 so that so that We turned up the radio so that everyone heard the news 我們把收音機(jī)的音量放大 結(jié)果大家 都聽(tīng)到了新聞 He was so excited that he couldn t say a word 他十分激動(dòng) 以致一句話都說(shuō)不出來(lái) so that 前有逗號(hào)為結(jié)果狀語(yǔ) 從句 so that 的 so 后面跟形容詞 或副詞 但是何時(shí)接名詞何時(shí)接名詞 結(jié)結(jié) 果果 狀狀 語(yǔ)語(yǔ) 從從 句句 such that He gave such important reasons that he was excused 他說(shuō)出了這么重要的理 由 得到大家的諒解 It is such an interesting novel that all of us want to read it It is so interesting a novel that all of us want to read it 這是一本十分有意思的書 大家都想 看 such that 的 such 后面跟名 詞 如果名詞是單數(shù)就要用 such a an that 還可以轉(zhuǎn)換 用 so that 語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng) 條條 件件 狀狀 if unless Difficulties are nothing if we are not afraid of them 如果我們不怕困難 困難就算不了什 么了 We shall go there tomorrow unless it rains 除非除非下雨 否則否則我們明天就去那里 We shall go there tomorrow if it unless 從句的謂語(yǔ)只能用肯 定式 unless 和 if not 同義 unless 是書面語(yǔ) if not 是 口語(yǔ) 通常二者可以換用 條件狀語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 的時(shí)態(tài)一般要用現(xiàn)在時(shí)或過(guò) 去時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)或過(guò)去 語(yǔ)語(yǔ) 從從 句句 as so long as in case so as far as doesn t rain So long as you work hard you will succeed 只要努力 你就會(huì)成功 只要你努力工作 你就一定能成功 In case I forget please remind me about it 萬(wàn)一我忘了 請(qǐng)?zhí)嵝盐乙幌?So far as I know the book will be published next month 據(jù)我所知 那本書下月出版 將來(lái)時(shí) 方方 式式 狀狀 語(yǔ)語(yǔ) 從從 句句 as as if as though Draw a cat as I taught you yesterday 按照我昨天教你的畫只貓 Do as you are told to 按照人家告訴你做的去做 She looks as if she is ill 看上去她好像是生病了 He acted as if though nothing had happened 他的行動(dòng)就好像什么也沒(méi)有發(fā)生 They treat the black boy as if though he were an animal 他們對(duì)待這黑孩子仿佛他是一頭牲口 此處 as 譯為 按照或正如 as if 或 as though 的意義和用 法基本一樣 從句中可以用 現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示可能符合事實(shí) 也可以用虛擬語(yǔ)氣 though although Although Though he was over sixty yet he began to learn French 雖然他六十多歲了 但仍開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)法 語(yǔ) We were not tired though although we had worked all day 雖然我們干了一天活 但并不累 在句子中一般用了在句子中一般用了 雖然雖然 就不能再用就不能再用 但是但是 but 但可以與但可以與 yet 或或 still 連用連用 though although 意義相同 用法基本一樣 前者通俗 口語(yǔ)化 后者正式多放主句 的前面 even if even though I ll go even if though it rains tomorrow 即使明天下雨 我也要去 even if 和 even though 的意 思為 即使 縱使 有退一 步設(shè)想的意味 多用于書面 語(yǔ)中 as Child as he is he knows a lot 雖然他是一個(gè)孩子 但他懂得很多 Cold as it is Though it is cold the children play outdoors 雖然天氣冷 但孩子們?nèi)栽趹敉馔?Try as you might you can t catch me 盡管努力 你也抓不到我 as 引出的狀語(yǔ)從句多用于書 面語(yǔ) 它比用 though 或 although 引導(dǎo)的從 句 語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng) 更有表現(xiàn)力 從句常放在句首 語(yǔ)序部分 倒裝 讓讓 步步 狀狀 語(yǔ)語(yǔ) 從從 句句 no matter who what when where which how Do it no matter what others say 不管別人怎么說(shuō) 盡管干 No matter how busy he was he studied English every day 不管他多忙 他都每天堅(jiān)持學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ) No matter who takes up the matter for me I shall be very grateful no matter 與 who ever 引 導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句意義基本 一 樣 no matter 引導(dǎo)的 從句可是以位于主句前或主 句后 不管誰(shuí)為我處理這件事 我都將非常 感激 wh ever whatever whoever whenever whichever however Whatever happens may happen we shall not lose heart 無(wú)論發(fā)生什么 我們都不要失去信心 Whoever comes he will be welcome 無(wú)論誰(shuí)來(lái) 都會(huì)受到歡迎 wh ever 從句中的動(dòng)詞有時(shí) 可以和 may 連用 判斷 wh ever 引導(dǎo)的是狀語(yǔ)從句 還是名詞性從句的一點(diǎn)是 名詞性從句 主句中一定有 一個(gè)成分要在從句擔(dān)任 一 般從句與主句之間沒(méi)有逗號(hào) 不可將 no matter 與 wh ever 連用 as as not so as as the same as such as Mary is as old as my sister 瑪利和我姐姐一樣大 He doesn t run so as fast as Jack does 他不如杰克跑得那樣快 His book is the same as mine 他的書和我的一樣 Henry is not such a good worker as Peter 享利這個(gè)工人不如彼得那樣好 連詞表示同程度級(jí)的比較 肯定句用 as as 否定句可用 not as as 或 not so as than She has made greater progress this year than she did last year 她今年比去年進(jìn)步更大 He bought fewer books than I did 他買的書比我買的少 He runs less fast