定語從句 (8).doc

2014年3月18日馬塘鎮(zhèn)英語教研活動(dòng)定語從句教案 定 語 從 句 江蘇省如東縣實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué) 周俊梅Step 1:導(dǎo)入定語從句 Guess the meaning of the following proverbs1.God helps those who help themselves.2.He who laughs last laughs best.3.He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.Step 2: 定語從句的相關(guān)術(shù)語 1.定語是對(duì)名詞或代詞起修飾、限定作用的詞、短語、或句子。漢語中常用“的”表示； a beautiful girl 一個(gè)漂亮的女生 a developing country 發(fā)展中國(guó)家 polluted water 污染的水 the man who you are waiting for 你在等待的人 2.定語從句修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句； Do you know the woman who came to see my Chinese teacher this morning? 能夠做定語的往往會(huì)緊挨著它所修飾或限定的詞。 For example:1.Our school has a beautiful garden.2.The smiling student needs a new map.3.The girl in red is my daughter.4.The bike bought by her is made in Shanghai.5.The women chatting under the tree are my friends.6.The student who is reading needs the dictionary which you bought last week.（讓學(xué)生從句中觀察歸納： 單詞或單個(gè)的分詞做定語時(shí)通常放在它所修飾的詞前面，作前置定語； 分詞短語、介詞短語和從句通常放在它所修飾的詞之后，作后置定語；定語從句通常放在我們所修飾的詞之后。） 3.先行詞被修飾的名詞或代詞； 4.關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞稱為關(guān)系詞，關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞； 關(guān)系代詞:that; which; who; whom, whose, as; 關(guān)系副詞: where; when; why (要求同學(xué)們牢固掌握，注意區(qū)分使用條件) 關(guān)系詞三個(gè)重要作用：1引導(dǎo)定語從句；2代替先行詞（先行詞的一個(gè)替代形式）；3在定語從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個(gè)成分Step 3:Match the following sentences 定語從句中人用that或who代替，物用that 或which代替1.Im reading a book. The book is about Bill Gates. Im reading a book that/which is about Bill Gates.2.She is a teacher. She teaches us English. She is a teacher who teaches us English.3.I dont like the man. He is smoking. I dont like the man who is smoking.4.Where is the computer? You bought it last week. Where is the computer that/which you bought last week?討論歸納整合定語從句的三個(gè)步驟：1 找先行詞；2 換關(guān)系詞；3 抄其余部分Step 4:Practise(連接成定語從句，并加以分析說明)1.I cant find my rubber. My father bought me the ruler yesterday.（兩個(gè)句子有共同的詞rubber，所以可以改為定語從句；先行詞為物，在從句中做賓語，用關(guān)系代詞that/which，可以省略） I cant find my rubber that/which my father bought me yesterday.2.Give love singers. They wrote their own music. (兩個(gè)句子有共同的詞singers，以及其代詞they, 所以可以改為定語從句。先行詞為人，從句中做主語，用關(guān)系代詞that或who ) Give love singers who wrote their own music.3.I read a story in the newspaper. The story was about a common problem among teenagers.(兩個(gè)句子有共同的詞story，以及其代詞they, 所以可以改為定語從句。先行詞為物，從句中做賓語，用關(guān)系代詞that/which, 可以省略) The story that/which I read in the newspaper was about a common problem among teenagers.4.Who is the man? Hes reading a book over there. (兩個(gè)句子有共同的詞the man，以及其代詞he, 所以可以改為定語從句。因?yàn)橛脀ho提問，所以只好用關(guān)系代詞that代替先行詞) Who is the man that is reading a book over there?5.The old man is my uncle. The old mans son is in the army. (兩個(gè)句子有共同的詞the old man，所以可以改為定語從句。又因關(guān)系代詞需替代名詞所有格，所以應(yīng)用whose提問)The old man whose son is in the army is my uncle. Step 4:考點(diǎn)梳理1關(guān)系代詞在從句中做主語.He is a Chinese.He plays an important part in NBA.He who plays an important part in NBA is a Chinese.He was born in Shanghai. Shanghai is an important city. He was born in Shanghai that/which is an important city.關(guān)系代詞在從句中所作成分先行詞類別關(guān)系詞的選擇主語人who/that 物 which/that警示：關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語時(shí)，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)必須和先行詞保持一致！Those who are against the plan put up your hands.The man who is next to us sells vegetables.典型考點(diǎn)：Tom is one of the students who were praised by the teacher yesterday.Tom is the only one of the students who was praised by the teacher yesterday.(定語從句是修飾緊挨者它前面的那個(gè)名詞或代詞)2關(guān)系代詞在從句中做賓語.He is a good student. Teachers are proud of him. He is a good student who teachers are proud of.He loves football. He plays football very well. He loves football that he plays very well.3關(guān)系代詞在從句中做定語 He is a famous basketball player.His wife is Ye Li.He whose wife is Ye Li is a famous basketball player.關(guān)系代詞在從句中所作成分先行詞類別關(guān)系詞的選擇定語人whose 物 whose Step 5:關(guān)系代詞在從句中的用法指人指物 主語subject賓語object定語attributivethatwhichwhowhomwhoseStep 6:回顧本課知識(shí)點(diǎn)A. 關(guān)系代詞that/which引導(dǎo)的定語從句如果先行詞是表示物的名詞或代詞，關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用that/which(作主語或賓語)that/which作主語時(shí)不可以省略1. that/which作主語時(shí)不可以省略This is a dream.The dream will never come true.This is a dream that/which will never come true.( 作主語) 2. The dog has been found. The dog was lost. The dog that/which was lost has been found. ( 作主語) 3. that/which作賓語時(shí)可以省略 This is the card. Ive just received the card. This is the card (that/which) Ive just received.( 作賓語) B. 關(guān)系代詞who,that,whom引導(dǎo)的定語從句 如果先行詞是表示人的名詞或代詞，關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用who, that,(作主語或賓語) whom( 作賓語) 1. that/who作主語時(shí)不可以省略 This is the film star. The film star is very popular in China. This is the film star that/who is very popular in China. ( 作主語) 2. that/who/whom作賓語時(shí)可以省略 The man is a famous writer. He described the man just now The man (that/who/whom) he described just now is a famous writer. ( 作賓語)Step 7:小結(jié) that-既可以指人，也可以指物，作主語時(shí)不可以省略，作賓語時(shí)可以省略； which-指物，作主語時(shí)不可以省略，作賓語時(shí)可以省略； who- 指人，作主語時(shí)不可以省略，作賓語時(shí)可以省略(常用whom)； （特別注意：當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時(shí)，定語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞形式由先行詞決定） Step 8: whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句1.whose作定語表示所屬關(guān)系 The boy is my classmate. The boys father is a policeman. The boy whose father is a policeman is my classmate. 2. whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句的注意點(diǎn) a. whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句,其后緊跟名詞，構(gòu)成名詞短語，whose與它所修飾的名詞一起可以作介詞的賓語The boss (in whose department he worked) had heard the news. b. whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句，其先行詞既可以指人也可以指物 whose的先行詞指物時(shí)，可用of which代替，但語序不同，即whose+名詞=the+名詞+ of which或=of which + the +名詞 例：The novel whose title (= the title of which 或of which the title) is Red and Black is very interesting . whose的先行詞指人時(shí)，可用of whom代替，但語序不同，即whose+名詞=the+名詞+ of whom或=of whom+ the +名詞 例：The boy whose mother(= the mother of whom 或of whom the mother) is a doctor is my friend.Step 9: Exercises A.關(guān)系代詞的填空 1. The boy is playing ping-pong is my son. 2. I dont know the man had an accident this morning. 3. The girl Jack is looking for is in in Class Three. 4. The e-mail I received yesterday was from my mother. 5. The school well visit next week is not far from here. 6. The house has a small swimming pool is very expensive. 7. The man hair is white is his grandfather.