九年級英語_情態(tài)動詞用法小結(jié)(含習題及解析)_人教新目.doc

情 態(tài) 動 詞 小 結(jié)（一）情態(tài)動詞概說 1情態(tài)動詞也是“輔助性”動詞，用來表示說話人的語氣或情態(tài)。情態(tài)動詞所表示的情態(tài)有：請求、命令、允諾、可能、需要、敢于、愿望、義務、能力等。 2情態(tài)動詞本身有詞義，但詞義不完全，不能單獨用作謂語，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，且后面只跟動詞原形。如：She cans sing an English song.（ ）3有些情態(tài)動詞的過去時與其原形相同，有些與原形不同。 （二）情態(tài)動詞的種類：（見下表）原 形過去式詞 義cancould1、能 2、cant表推測：“一定不、肯定不maymight1、表請求：可以（或許）2、表推測：有可能It may rain this afternoon. Im afraid it might snow tomorrow. mustmust(had to)1必須（不得不）mustt 表禁止，You mustnt tell him about it. 你一定不要把這件事告訴他。2、表推測：“一定、準是 例1、He must have a car now. 他一定有輛小汽車。例2、 He must be doing his exercises in the classroom.他一定在教室里做練習。 He must have finished the work.（過去發(fā)生）他一定已完成了工作。willwould愿意shallshould應該needneeded“需要” neednt=dont have to 表示不必 You dont have to tell him about it. 你不一定要把此事告訴他。daredared敢于（三）情態(tài)動詞的否定形式：cannot - cant could not - couldnt may not- maynt might not- mightnt must not - mustnt will not - wont would not - wouldnt need not - neednt shall not - shant should not - shouldnt ought not - oughtnt dare not - darent （四）常用情態(tài)動詞的用法：1can與could1） can（1）表示體力或腦力方面的“能力”，也能表示根據(jù)客觀條件能做某事的“能力”。 He can drive. Can you jump as far as he did? I cant catch up with Jim. can與be able to二者都表示“能夠”，區(qū)別是：can只有現(xiàn)在時和過去式，而be able to可用于各種時態(tài)。如： Ill be able to speak French in half a year. He hasnt been able to finish it on time. （2）表示允許： You can go now. Can I use your bike? （3）表示推測： Who can it be? It cant be true. can表示猜測或懷疑只用于疑問句及否定句中。 2） could（1）can的過去式，表示過去有能力及過去的可能性。 He couldnt climb up the mountain. The news could be true. （2）表示客氣地請求或委婉地陳述意見。 Could you go skating with me tomorrow? Clould I use your pen ？yes ，you can。No，you cant。（3）表示驚異、懷疑、不相信等態(tài)度 How could he say that? 2may與might1） may（1）表示請求、許可、可以 May I use your dictionary? Yes, please/certainly. May I come in? （3）may用于感嘆句中可以表示祝愿或愿望。 May you do well! May you have a good time! 3must（1）表示義務，命令或必要。 Soldiers must obey orders. We must be strict with ourselves.（3）此外還要弄清楚must與have to的區(qū)別 1) 兩詞都是必須的意思，have to 表示客觀的需要， must 表示說話人主觀上的看法，既主觀上的必要。My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night. 我弟弟病得很厲害，我只得半夜里把醫(yī)生請來。(客觀上需要做這件事)He said that they must work hard. 他說他們必須努力工作。（主觀上要做這件事）6need1）need意思是“需要，必須”，主要用于否定句和關(guān)系問句中。 You neednt come so early. Need I take part in the Party? 2) need引導的疑問句，肯定回答時多用must，否定回答時用neednt。 Need he come? Yes, he must. No, he neednt. Need to do sth 實意動詞用法8. dare1) dare意思是“敢”，用于肯定結(jié)構(gòu)中時，后接加to的動詞不定式。 The boy dared to climb up the tree. She should dare to question her teacher. 2）dare用于否定句或疑問句中時，與大多數(shù)的情態(tài)動詞一樣，后接不帶to的動詞不定式。 Dont dare do that again! The poor girl dare not go home. 9had better You had better see a doctor. You had better not leave now. Had I better wait for her? 練習檢測 1. Nobody _ do it. Let me _ . A. can, try B. cant, to try C. can, to try D. cant, trying2. “ _ you like _ bananas to eat?” “ Yes, please.” A. Would, some B. Will, any C. Could, any D. Can, some3. “ Can you answer this question in English?” “ Sorry, I _.” A. neednt B. may not C. cant D. mustnt4. “ _ I borrow your dictionary?” “ Certainly, here you are.” A. Must B. May C. Need D. Shall5. I _ see the words on the blackboard. _ you write a bit clearly? A. mustnt, Can B. dont, will C. cant, Can D. neednt, Could6. Its a sunny day today. You _ take a raincoat with you. A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. can7. Ive looked for my pen everywhere, but I _ find it. A. couldnt B. cant C. mustnt D. didnt8. “ _ I speak to Ann?” “ Speaking.” A. Must B. May C. Need D. Shall9. Shall we go to the zoo tomorrow? _. A. Yes, we shall B. Yes, you shall C. Yes, you will D. All right10. Mr. John,