現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)公開(kāi)課學(xué)案Gary.doc

Unit 6 Ancient stories Grammar 學(xué)案姓名：_ 班級(jí)：_學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)：掌握“現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)”的構(gòu)成及使用學(xué)習(xí)重點(diǎn)：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的基本概念及構(gòu)成學(xué)習(xí)難點(diǎn)：現(xiàn)在完成的用法觀察一：請(qǐng)仔細(xì)觀察下列兩個(gè)句子。1. I have not laughed like this since my childhood. 2. The Greeks have tried to capture our city for ten years.思考一：1. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表達(dá)的含義：1）表示 或 的動(dòng)作 造成的影響或結(jié)果E.g. I have just washed my car.（車(chē)很干凈了）2） 表示過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始并 到現(xiàn)在并將會(huì)持續(xù)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài).E.g. He has learned English since 2001.（我還在繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)）2. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成：_觀察二：請(qǐng)仔細(xì)觀察以下句子They have left a huge wooden horse.思考二：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的肯定句，否定句，疑問(wèn)句分別是怎樣構(gòu)成的？ 總結(jié)： 過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)的構(gòu)成：肯定式：_否定式：_疑問(wèn)式：_肯定回答_ 否定回答_練習(xí)一、按要求改變句子。1.She has done her homework. (改否定句) 2.She hasnt told us the news yet. (改肯定句) 3.The rain has already stopped. (改一般疑問(wèn)句) 動(dòng)詞的規(guī)則變化(1)一般動(dòng)詞，在詞尾直接加“ ”。 work-worked-worked , visit-visited-visited (2)以“ e ”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，只在詞尾加“ ”。 live-lived-lived (3)以“輔音字母 + y ”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，將 y 變?yōu)?i ，再加“ ”。 study-studied-studied , cry-cried-cried (4)重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，先雙寫(xiě)該輔音字母，再加“ ”。 stop-stopped-stopped , drop-dropped-dropped 注意：規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞的變化與過(guò)去式是一樣的!練習(xí)二、寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞Work _ _Live _ _Stay _ _Stop _ _Clean _ _Study _ _不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞不規(guī)則變化需要大家去熟記，可參考書(shū)本141-142頁(yè)的表格加以熟記！三、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法: 1)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,并對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響。Someone has broken the window. (窗戶(hù)現(xiàn)在是壞的)I have lost the key. (我現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有鑰匙)I havent read that book . (不了解書(shū)的內(nèi)容)I have cleaned my hands. (手是干凈的)常與already(已經(jīng)), yet(已經(jīng)), just(剛剛),ever(曾經(jīng))等詞連用. 常用語(yǔ)肯定句常用于肯定句句中, 常用于否定句,疑問(wèn)句句尾。What has just happened to him ?. What has just happened to her ? 練習(xí)三、翻譯以下句子1、你已經(jīng)找到你的書(shū)了嗎? (find-found your book) 2、他們已經(jīng)在這個(gè)城市建了許多房子. (build-built many buildings) 3、Judy還剛到達(dá). (arrive-arrived) 2)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示從過(guò)去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。She has learned English 5 years. He has lived in Beijing he was born .Have you stayed here 3 oclock?常與for, since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間短語(yǔ)或從句連用.for+ 時(shí)間段since+ , since+ since: (自以來(lái))1)since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)Hehasstayedheresince （五點(diǎn)鐘）.2)since+ 時(shí)間段+ agoHehasstayedheresince （五個(gè)小時(shí)前） .3)since+ 從句(從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí))ShehastaughtEnglishsince （自從他來(lái)這里）. for: (長(zhǎng)達(dá)） for+ 時(shí)間段He has kept the book （長(zhǎng)達(dá)兩周時(shí)間）.練習(xí)四、用for 或since填空1、Mr. Brown has had his TV _ 15 years. 2、Ive taken driving lessons _ last month. 3、My sister has had her cell phone _ a month . 4、My friends havent visited me _ my birthday. 5、We havent used our car _ a long time . 6、She hasnt had a good cup of coffee _ years. 7、Tom has worn glasses _ he was 7 years old. 總結(jié)1、Translate them into English. 1.我自從2012年以來(lái)就在建文中學(xué)讀書(shū)。2.他自從兩年前就住在這里。3.我