西方經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)詞匯(中英文對(duì)照).doc

1. Microeconomics 微觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)2. Macroeconomics 宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué) 3. Primary sector 第一產(chǎn)業(yè) 4. Secondary sector 第二產(chǎn)業(yè) 5. Tertiary sector 第三產(chǎn)業(yè) 6. Opportunity cost 機(jī)會(huì)成本7. Scarcity 稀缺8. Production possibility frontier 生產(chǎn)可能性邊界9. Production possibility curve 生產(chǎn)可能性曲線10. Factors of production 生產(chǎn)要素 11. Demand 需求12. Demand curve 需求曲線13. Supply 供給14. Supply curve 供給曲線 15. Marginal utility邊際效用 16. Total utility總效用 17. Elasticity 彈性18. Price elasticity of demand 需求的價(jià)格彈性 19. Cross elasticity of demand 需求的交叉彈性20. Income elasticity of demand 需求的收入彈性 21. Equilibrium 均衡 22. Equilibrium price 均衡價(jià)格23. Short run短期24. Long run長(zhǎng)期 25. Consumer surplus消費(fèi)者剩余 26. Producer surplus生產(chǎn)者剩余 27. Externalities外部性28. negative externalities 負(fù)的外部性29. positive externalities 正的外部性30. the law of diminishing marginal utility 邊際效用遞減規(guī)律31. budget line 預(yù)算線 32. Marginal 邊際33. Marginal cost 邊際成本34. Marginal revenue邊際收益35. Merit goods 有益品36. Demerit goods 有害品37. public goods公共品38. quasi-public goods 準(zhǔn)公共品39. private goods 私有品40. moral hazard 道德危險(xiǎn)41. adverse selection 逆向選擇42. Average 平均43. Average product 平均產(chǎn)量 44. fixed costs 固定成本 45. variable costs 可變成本46. average costs 平均成本 47. diseconomy of scale規(guī)模不經(jīng)濟(jì) 48. specialization 專業(yè)化 49. Cost minimization 成本最小化 50. Input投入 51. Normal profit正常利潤(rùn) 52. Abnormal profit超額利潤(rùn) 53. Productive efficiency 生產(chǎn)效率 54. Perfect competition完全競(jìng)爭(zhēng)55. Monopoly壟斷56. barrier to entry 進(jìn)入障礙57. Product differentiation差異產(chǎn)品 58. Monopolistic competition 壟斷競(jìng)爭(zhēng)59. Price discrimination 價(jià)格歧視60. oligopoly 寡頭61. Duopoly雙寡頭 62. Nash equilibrium納什均衡 63. Game theory 博弈論64. Marginal product of labour 勞動(dòng)的邊際產(chǎn)量 65. Demand for labour 對(duì)勞動(dòng)力的需求 66. Aggregate demand 總需求 67. Marginal cost of labour 勞動(dòng)的邊際成本 68. Elasticity of demand for labor 勞動(dòng)力的需求彈性 69. Paradox of thrift 節(jié)約悖論 70. Price level 價(jià)格水平 71. Trade unions 行會(huì)，商會(huì) 72. Perfectly competitive labour market 完全競(jìng)爭(zhēng)勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng) 73. Transfer earnings 轉(zhuǎn)讓收益 74. Gross Domestic Product 國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值 75. Gross National Product 國(guó)民生產(chǎn)總值 76. money GDP 名義GDP77. real GDP 實(shí)際GDP78. Aggregate supply 總供給79. nominal value 名義價(jià)值80. real value 實(shí)際價(jià)值 81. Injections 注入 82. Withdrawals 漏出 83. Consumption 消費(fèi) 84. budget deficit 預(yù)算赤字85. budget surplus 預(yù)算盈余86. balanced budget 均衡預(yù)算87. Keynesians 凱恩斯主義學(xué)派88. Monetarists 貨幣主義學(xué)派89. Savings 儲(chǔ)蓄 90. average propensity to consume 平均消費(fèi)傾向91. average propensity to save 平均儲(chǔ)蓄傾向92. marginal propensity to consume 邊際消費(fèi)傾向93. marginal propensity to save 邊際儲(chǔ)蓄傾向94. Investment 投資95. government spending 政府支出96. export 出口97. import 進(jìn)口98. Accelerator 加速器99. Interest 利息率100. The multiplier乘數(shù)101. Full employments完全就業(yè) 102. balance of payments 國(guó)際收支平衡表103. deficit赤字 104. surplus 盈余105. Demand side policies 需求方面政策106. Supply side policies 供給方面政策107. Reflationary policies 再膨脹政策108. Deflationary policies 通貨緊縮政策109. inflation 通貨膨脹110. deflation 通貨緊縮111. Inflationary gap通貨膨脹缺口112. Deflationary gap通貨緊縮缺口113. Automatic stabilizer自動(dòng)穩(wěn)定器 114. Expansionary police擴(kuò)張政策115. Contractionary policy緊縮政策 116. Keynesian fiscal policy凱恩斯財(cái)政政策117. fiscal policy 財(cái)政政策118. monetary policy 貨幣政策119. exchange policy 匯率政策120. liquidity trap 流動(dòng)性陷進(jìn) 121. transaction motive 交易動(dòng)機(jī)122. precautionary motive 預(yù)防動(dòng)機(jī)123. speculative motive 投機(jī)動(dòng)機(jī)124. cost-push inflation 成本推動(dòng)型的通貨膨脹 125. retail price index 零售價(jià)格指數(shù) 126. redistribution of income 收入再分配 127. new classical 新古典主義 128. absolute advantage 絕對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì) 129. comparative advantage相對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì) 130. free trade自由貿(mào)易 131. economies of scale規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì) 132. quotas 配額 133. exchange controls外匯管