小學(xué)六年級英語語法.doc

一、人稱代詞格式人稱主格所有格賓格我Imyme我們weourus你youyouryou你們youyouryou他hehishim她sheherher他們theytheirthem指示代詞分類單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)近指This(這個(gè))These（這些）遠(yuǎn)指That（那個(gè)）Those（那些）二、指示代詞三、疑問代詞疑問代詞用法說明例句who常用于提問人的姓名、身份Whos she?what常用于問事物或某人的活動Whats you father?where常用于問地點(diǎn)，意為“在哪里Where do you live?whose是who的所有格形式Whose bike is this?which在一定范圍內(nèi)的特指人活物Which do you like?how常用于問情況“怎么樣How tall are you?how many常用于問數(shù)量是“多少”How many books are here?how much常用于問價(jià)錢是“多少”How much is this bed?How about常用于問別人的感覺“好不好”How about going to school?how old用于問年齡How old is your mother?四、不定代詞代替或修飾可數(shù)名詞代替或修飾不可數(shù)名詞用法說明例句some一般用于肯定句I have some bookany一般用于否定句、疑問句I dont have any book.Do you have any book?manymuch用于修飾表示許多的可數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞He has much money,but he doesnt have many friend.日期英文寫法周一Mondy周二Tuesday周三Wednesday周四Thursday周五Friday周六Saturday周日Sunday天day周末weekend教師節(jié)Teachers Day元旦New Year國慶節(jié)National Day五、數(shù)字和日期一one二two三three四four五five六six七seven八eight九nine十ten十一eleven十二twelve十三thirteen十四fourteen十五fifteen十六sixteen十七seventeen十八eighteen十九nineteen二十twenty二十一twenty-one三十thirty三十一thirty-one四十forty五十fifty六十sixty七十seventy八十eighty九十ninety百hundred第一first第二second第三third一月Jan./January二月Feb./February三月Mar./March四月Apr./April五月May六月June七月July八月Aug./Augest九月Sept./September十月Oct./October十一月Nov./November十二月Dec./December春天Spring夏天Summer秋天Fall冬天Winter六、動詞三種形態(tài)動詞現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)(第三人稱單數(shù))過去式Buy買buyingbuysbaughtClean打掃cleaningcleanscleanedDrive開車drivingdrivesdrivedGo去goinggoesgoneDo做doingdoesdoneHave有havinghashadClose關(guān)closingclosesclosed動詞現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)（現(xiàn)在分詞）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)(第三人稱單數(shù))過去式(過去分詞)Open開openingopensopenedFind尋找findingfindsfoundLive活，住livingliveslivedRead閱讀readingreadsreadSwim游泳swimmingswimsswamSing唱歌singingsingssangRide騎車ridingridesrodeTake買，帶takingtakestookPut放puttingputsputStop停止stppingstopsstopedRun跑步runningrunsranWait等待waitingwaitswaitedLook看lookinglookslookedWash洗washingwasheswashedWatch看（電視）watchingwatcheswatchedWear穿（衣服）wearingwearswornWrite寫字writingwriteswrote六年級英語語法知識匯總一、詞類：1、 動詞：行為動詞、be動詞、情態(tài)動詞。（1）行為動詞原形、+s/es、+ed、+ing，具體判斷方法如下：（2）be動詞a、Am-was Is -was Are-were 口訣：我用am, 你用are, is用在他她它，所有復(fù)數(shù)全用are。b、肯定和否定句 I am (not) from London. He /She is(not) a teacher. My hair is(not) long. Her eyes are(not) small. c、 一般疑問句 Am I ? Yes, you are. No, you arent. Are you/they? Yes,we/ they are. No,we/ they arent. Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No, it isnt. is、am、are為一類，一般用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和一般將來時(shí)中。was和were為另一類，一般用于一般過去時(shí)。（3）情態(tài)動詞can、must、should、would、may。情態(tài)動詞后動詞總是用原形。（不受其他任何條件影響）2、 名詞這里強(qiáng)調(diào)兩點(diǎn)：不可數(shù)名詞都默認(rèn)為單數(shù)，所以總是用is或者was。如何加后綴：a一般情況下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds b以s. x. sh. ch結(jié)尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches c以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries d以“f或fe”結(jié)尾，變f或fe為v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives e不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)： man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet ,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese 3、 形容詞（包括副詞）形容詞表示某一事物或的特征，副詞表示某一動作的特征。形容詞和副詞只有兩種形式：原形和+er。未作比較的情況下就用原形，比較時(shí)就+er。兩個(gè)重要特征：asas中間一定用原形，有than的時(shí)候一定+er。4、 人稱代詞和物主代詞 人稱代詞物主代詞 單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù) 主格賓格主格賓格形容詞性（短）名詞性（長）形容詞性（短）名詞性（長） 第一人稱Imeweusmymineourours 第二人稱youyouyouyouyouryoursyouryours 第三人稱hehimtheythemhishistheirtheirs sheherherhers itititsits人稱代詞：有主格和賓格之分。一般動詞前用主格，動詞后用賓格。物主代詞：有兩類：形容詞性物主代詞（短的）和名詞性物主代詞（長的）一般看后面有沒有名詞，如有，就用形容詞性物主代詞（短的）；如無，就用名詞性物主代詞（長的）。5、 數(shù)量詞我們學(xué)過兩類：基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞?；鶖?shù)用于表示數(shù)量多少，而基數(shù)詞用于表示次序，常在日期中出現(xiàn)。序數(shù)詞的前面一般都加the。6、冠詞有a、an、the。a和an的區(qū)別：an用于元音音素（一般就是元音字母aeiou）前，a用于輔音音素前。二、否定句：be動詞（am、is、are、was、were）+not、情態(tài)動詞（can、must、should）+ not、助動詞（do、does、did） + not如何將一個(gè)肯定的陳述句改為否定句：1、看句中有無be動詞，如有，直接在be動詞后+ not。2、看句中有無情態(tài)動詞，如有，直接在情態(tài)動詞后+ not。3、如上述二者都沒有，就應(yīng)用助動詞+ not。分四個(gè)步驟：（1）肯定陳述句中本來是沒有助動詞的，要加上去，位置在主語（某人或某物）后，動詞前。（2）確定助動詞用do、does還是did，根據(jù)句中動詞，動詞是原形的助動詞就用do，動詞是第三人稱單數(shù)的助動詞就用does，動詞用過去式的助動詞就有did。（3）在助動詞后加not。（4）原句中動詞假如發(fā)生變化就要恢復(fù)成原形。強(qiáng)調(diào)一點(diǎn)，有some的要考慮是否要用any。三、一般疑問句。如何將一個(gè)肯定的陳述句改為否定句：1、看句中有無be動詞，如有，把be動詞提到句首即可。2、看句中有無情態(tài)動詞，如有，把情態(tài)動詞提到句首即可。3、如上述二者都沒有，就應(yīng)把助動提到句首。分四個(gè)步驟：（1）肯定陳述句中本來是沒有助動詞的，要加上去，位置在主語（某人或某物）后，動詞前。（2）確定助動詞用do、does還是did，根據(jù)句中動詞，動詞是原形的助動詞就用do，動詞是第三人稱單數(shù)的助動詞就用does，動詞用過去式的助動詞就有did。（3）把助動詞后提到句首。（4）原句中動詞假如發(fā)生變化就要恢復(fù)成原形。強(qiáng)調(diào)一點(diǎn)，有some的要考慮是否要用any。四、特殊疑問句。表示疑問，有疑問詞（在開頭），回答有很多種可能。常用疑問詞： 疑問詞意思用法 When什么時(shí)間問時(shí)間 What time 什么時(shí)間問具體時(shí)間，如幾點(diǎn)鐘 Who誰問人 Whose 誰的問主人 Where在哪里問地點(diǎn) Which哪一個(gè)問選擇 Why 為什么問原因 What 什么問東西、事物 What colour什么顏色問顏色 What about。怎么樣問意見 What day星期幾問星期幾 What date什么日期問日期 What for 為何目的問目的 How 。怎樣問情況 How old多大年紀(jì)問年紀(jì) How many多少數(shù)量（可數(shù)名詞）問數(shù)量 How much多少錢；多少數(shù)量（不可數(shù)名詞）問多少錢或數(shù)量（不可數(shù)） How about。怎么樣問意見 How often多久問頻率 How long多長時(shí)間問時(shí)間長度 How far 多遠(yuǎn)問多遠(yuǎn)；多長距離五、祈使句表示請求或命令別人做某事或不要做某事?？隙ㄆ硎咕湟欢ㄊ且詣釉~原形開頭（有時(shí)有please），否定的祈使句一定是dont加動詞原形開頭（有時(shí)有please）。把祈使句改為否定句只需在動詞前加dont即可。六、時(shí)態(tài)1、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（1）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中的be動詞：一般用原形：am is are am用于第一人稱單數(shù)（I）；is用于第三人稱單數(shù)（he she it和其他人名或稱謂，如：Ben his sister等）；are用于第二人稱單數(shù)（you）和所有復(fù)數(shù)（包括第一人稱復(fù)數(shù)we、第二人稱復(fù)數(shù)you；第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)they和其他復(fù)數(shù)，如the children 、 his parents等）。（2）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中的動詞：第一種情況：主語是第三人稱單數(shù)（he she it 和其他，如Helen 、her cousin 等），動詞后一般加s或es。第二種情況：主語不是第三人稱單數(shù)，動詞都用原形。（4）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)判斷依據(jù)（如何判斷一個(gè)句子是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)）：be動詞是am、is、are動詞用原形或加s、es沒有時(shí)間狀語或有usually、often、everyday、sometimes等不是具體的時(shí)間2、一般過去時(shí)（1）一般過去時(shí)中的be動詞：一般用過去式：was were was用于第一人稱單數(shù)（I）和第三人稱單數(shù)（he she it和其他人名或稱謂，如：Ben 、 his sister等）；were用于第二人稱單數(shù)（you）和所有復(fù)數(shù)（包括第一人稱復(fù)數(shù)we、第二人稱復(fù)數(shù)you；第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)they和其他復(fù)數(shù)，如the children 、 his parents等）。（2）一般過去時(shí)中的動詞：一般只有一種情況：+ed這里強(qiáng)調(diào)一點(diǎn)，和一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)不同的是這里不管主語是第幾人稱，也不管是單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)都加ed。（4）一般過去時(shí)判斷依據(jù)（如何判斷一個(gè)句子是一般過去時(shí)）：be動詞是was、were 動詞加ed有表示過去的時(shí)間狀語現(xiàn)在學(xué)過的常用的表示過去的時(shí)間狀語有：just now a moment ago yesterday last week last night last weekend last year last month three days ago two weeks ago five years ago this morning3、一般將來時(shí)（1）構(gòu)成形式：Be going to +動詞原形， will + 動詞原形 （2）一般將來時(shí)表示動作即將發(fā)生或某人打算做某事。（3）句中往往有tomorrow、soon、next week等詞。4、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)（1）構(gòu)成形式：Be動詞+動詞的ing形式這里強(qiáng)調(diào)一點(diǎn)，兩者缺少其中任何一種都不可以構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。（2）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動作正在進(jìn)行或事情正在發(fā)生。（3）有用的依據(jù)：一個(gè)句子中既有be動詞，又有動詞，且動詞加了ing 該句是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)（4）句中往往有now、look、listen等詞。動詞過去式、現(xiàn)在分詞的不規(guī)則變化：be 是was, werebeing begin 開始beganbeginning build 建筑builtbuilding buy 買boughtbuying can 能could無 come 來camecoming copy 拷貝copiedcopying do 做diddoing draw 畫drewdrawing drink 喝drankdrinking drive 駕車drovedriving eat 吃ateeating feel 感覺feltfeeling find 找尋foundfinding fly飛flewflying forget 忘記forgotforgetting get 得到gotgetting give 給予gavegiving go 去wentgoing grow 成長grewgrowing have 有hadhaving hear 聽heardhearing keep 保持keptkeeping know 知道knewknowing learn學(xué)習(xí)learnt, learnedlearning let 讓letletting make 做mademaking may 可以might無 mean 意思meantmeaning meet 見面metmeeting must 必須must無 put 放putputting read 讀readreading ride 騎roderiding ring 響rangringing run 跑ranrunning say 說saidsaying see 看見sawseeing sing 唱歌sangsinging sit 坐satsitting sleep 睡覺sleptsleeping speak 講話spokespeaking spend 花錢spentspending stand 站立stoodstanding sweep 打掃sweptsweeping swim 游泳swamswimming take 拿到tooktaking teach 教taughtteaching tell 講述toldtelling think 思考thoughtthinking will 意愿would無 write 寫wrotewritiClass: Name: ( )1. Good morning! !A.Morning ! B.Hello ! C.Hi !( )2. Nice to see you again ! .A.How are you ? B.Nice to see you , too . C.How do you do ?( )3.Good night,mom ! A.Night ! B.Good night ! C.Good evening .( )4.How do you do ? A.How are you ? B.Fine,thanks . C.How do you do ?( )5.How many story books do you have ? A.I have 10. B.I can see 10. C.Thirty yuan.( )6.Do you have new teachers? A.Yes,we do . B.Yes,we dont. C.Yes,we have .( )7.Whos your art teacher ? A.Mr Zhu. B.Miss Zhu. C.Hes tall.( )8.Whats he like? A.Hes tall and strong . B.Yes,he is. C.Mr Zhu.( )9.Is your English teacher young? A.No,she isnt. B.Yes,she is . C.No,she is.( )10. ? Her name is Chen Jie.A.Whats your name ? B.Whats she name ? C.Whats her name ?( )11. ? I like Chinese,math and English.A.What classes do you like? B.What do you like? C.What are you like ?( )12. ? We have English and P.E.A.What do you have on Mondays ? B.What do you have ?C.What do you have on Monday?( )13. ? Its Monday.A.What is it today ? B.What day is it today ? C.What day is today ?( )14. ? I watch TV and do my homework.A.What do you do ? B.What do you do in Mondays? C.What do you do on Sundays ?( )15.May I have a look ? A.Sure.Here you are . B.Look ! C.Here you are .( )16.Our math teacher is Canada.A.from B.in C.at ( )17.I three new teachers.A.has B.am C.have( )18.Whats Chinese teacher like ?A.you B.your C.youre( )19.My P.E.teacher is thin.A.too B.so C.very ( )20.There are days in a week.A.six B.seven C.eight ( )21.There are month(月)in a year(年).A.ten B.eleven C.twelve( )22.I often watch TV Saturday .A.on B.in C.at ( )23.I like P.E. I dont lime music.A.but B.and C.so( )24.This is apple. It is red apple.A.a , a B.an,an C.an, a( )25.What do you like ?A.classes B.class C.classs六年級英語測試題Class: Name: ( )1. How are you ? A.Fine,thanks. B.Yes,it is. C.How are you ?( )2. Nice to meet you ! A.Fine,thank you. B.OK. C.Nice to meet you ,too !( )3. How do you go to school ? A.I go to Canada by plane. B.I go to school by bike. C.What about you ?( )4. How do you go to the USA ? A.I usually go to school by bus. B.I go to England by ship. C.I go by plane.( )5. ? My home is near the post office.A. Where is your home ? B.OK. C.See you then!( )6. See you at 2 oclock. A.See you then ! B.The fifth floor. C.Its easy.( )7. ? You can go by the No.15 bus.A.Its not far. B. How can I get to Zhongshan Park ? C.Sure.( )8. Where is the hospital? A.Next to the cinema. B.Thank you . C.Youre welcome.( )9. Excuse me ,is there a cinema near here ? A.Yes,there is . B.No,its not far. C.Its near the post office.( )10.? ? Its near the post office.A.Yes,there is . B.No,its not far. C. Where is the library? ( )11. ? Its next to the hospital. A. Where is the cinema ,please ? B.Is it far ? C.Go straight.( )12. How can I get to the hospital ? A.Its next to the hospital. B.You can go by the No.201 bus. C.Thank you.( )13.Thank you . A.Thank you . B.OK. C.Youre welcome.( )14. How can I get to the museum? A.Go straight.Then turn left. B.Thank you . C.Its east of the cinema .( )15. Where is the post office ? A.Go straight.Then turn left. B.Thank you . C.Its east of the cinema .( )16. What are you going to do this evening ? A.Im going to the cinema . B.I go to school on foot. C.Yes,it is.( )17. Is it far ? A.No,it is . B.Yes , it is . C.Yes,it isnt.( )18. do you go to school ?A.What B.Where C.How( )19. I go to school bike.A.on B. by C.get( )20. Can I go foot ?A.by B.at C.on( )21.How can I to the post office ?A.near B. get C.for( )22. me.A. Excuse B. How C.next ( )23. birthday to you !A. After B.Happy C.First( )24. The hospital is the left.A. at B.in C.on ( )25. is the bookstore ?A.Where B.How C.When 四年級英語測試題Class: Name: ( )1.Good afternoon ! A.Hello! B.Hi ! C.Afternoon !( )2.Nice to see you again ! A.How are you ? B.Hello ! C.Nice to see you , too.( )3.Good night,moom ! A.Good evening ! B.Good night ! C.Night !( )4.How are you ? A.Fine,thank you . B.I am 10. C.Nine .( )5.How do you do ? A.Fine ,Thank you . B.How are you ? C.How do you do ?( )6.How old are you ? A.How are you ? B.I am 11. C.I have 11.( )7. ? I have 23.A.How many books do you have ? B.How many books can you see?C.How many book do you have ?( )8. ? I can see 6.A.How many lights do you have ? B.How many lights can you see ?C.How many light can you see ?( )9.May I have a look ? A.Sure.Here you are . B.Look! C.Sure.Here are you .( )10. ? 50 yuan. A.How much is this schoolbag ? B.How many is this schoolbag ?C.How much are this schoolbag ?( )11.Wheres my seat ? A.Its near the door. B.Its on the door. C.Its under the door.( )12.Lets clean the desks and chairs. A.All right ! B.Hello ! C.Its nice .( )13.Whats this ? A.There is a board . B.Its a bee. C.Its bee.( )14. ? My name is Mike.A.Here are you ? B.Whats your