2018年12月六級第三套解析.doc

2018 年 12 月大學(xué)英語六級考試精編解析(第三套)Part Writing范文How to Balance Academic Study and Extracurricular ActivitiesMany students and their parents worry that spending time on extracurricular activities will hinder academic study which is understandable. But as for me, as long as we can strike a balance between them, proper participation in extracurricular activities will not only promote academic study, but also enhance our overall abilities.First of all, its advisable to schedule our schoolwork reasonably and finish it efficiently, for only in this way can we allocate extra time and energy to take part in extracurricular activities, which will have no negative impact on our academic study. Secondly, we should only spend time on activities we want to participate in, which will bring us enjoyment and relieve the academic pressure to some extent. Thirdly, we can also join clubs where we can meet like-minded people and improve our skills which are useful for our academic study.In a word, only by studying more efficiently and arranging extracurricular activities more rationally can we achieve a real balance between academic study and extracurricular activities.Part II Listening Comprehension說明：由于 2018 年 12 月六級考試全國共考了兩套聽力，本套真題聽力與前兩套內(nèi)容相同，只是選項順序不同，因此在本套真題中不再重復(fù)出現(xiàn)。 答案解析 動詞 形容詞 名詞 副詞 E) determine 確定C) challenging 富于挑戰(zhàn)性的A) advances 進步D) currently 當(dāng)前F) devising 設(shè)計 B)boundaries邊界G)elsewhere在別處 L) retorted 反駁，回嘴 J)predators 捕食性動物H) nevertheless然而，不過 Part IIIReading ComprehensionSection AM) spotted 發(fā)現(xiàn) N) testimonies證詞I) otherwise 原本 O) wrestle 摔跤；努力解決 K) primarily 主要地 26. 答 案 Aadvances 解析 名詞辨析題。分析句子成分可知，空格處應(yīng)填入名詞。聯(lián)系上下文可以推斷出， 空格所在句大意為：家畜保護方面的進步正在發(fā)生著。advances（進步）符合句意。故答案為 A。 27. 答 案 Iotherwise 解析 副詞辨析題。分析句子成分可知，空格處應(yīng)填入副詞。聯(lián)系上下文可以推斷出， 空格所在句大意為：雖然這種做法非常合乎情理，但這會招致許多獅子喪生，而這原本是沒有必要的。otherwise（原本）符合句意。故答案為 I。 28. 答 案 Fdevising 解析 動詞辨析題。分析句子成分可知，空格處應(yīng)填入動詞。聯(lián)系上下文可以推斷出， 空格所在句大意為：澳大利亞的研究人員一直在設(shè)計并測試一種?；ㄕ械姆椒?。devising（設(shè)計）符合句意。故答案為 F。 29. 答 案 Jpredators 解析 名詞辨析題。分析句子成分可知，空格處應(yīng)填入名詞。聯(lián)系上下文可以推斷出， 空格所在句大意為：當(dāng)獅子及其他捕食性動物認(rèn)為自己正在被注視時。predators（捕食性動物）符合句意。故答案為 J。 30. 答 案 Bboundaries 解析 名詞辨析題。分析句子成分可知，空格處應(yīng)填入名詞。聯(lián)系上下文可以推斷出， 空格所在句大意為：人類擴張到了這些保護區(qū)的邊界。boundaries（邊界）符合句意。故答案為 B。 31. 答 案 Gelsewhere 解析 副詞辨析題。分析句子成分可知，空格處應(yīng)填入副詞。聯(lián)系上下文可以推斷出，空格所在句大意為：它能給博茨瓦納以及其他地區(qū)的農(nóng)民提供一種低成本、可持續(xù)的方式來保護他們的牲畜。elsewhere（在別處）符合句意。故答案為 G。 32. 答 案 Kprimarily 解析 副詞辨析題。分析句子成分可知，空格處應(yīng)填入副詞。聯(lián)系上下文可以推斷出， 空格所在句大意為：獅子主要是伏擊的捕食者。primarily（主要地）符合句意。故答案為K。 33. 答 案 Mspotted 解析 動詞辨析題。分析句子成分可知，空格處應(yīng)填入動詞。聯(lián)系上下文可以推斷出， 空格所在句大意為：當(dāng)它們感覺獵物已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了它們。spotted（發(fā)現(xiàn)）符合句意。故答案為 M。 34. 答 案 Dcurrently 解析 副詞辨析題。分析句子成分可知，空格處應(yīng)填入副詞。聯(lián)系上下文可以推斷出， 空格所在句大意為：研究人員目前正在用挑選出來的一群牛驗證他們的想法。currently（當(dāng)前）符合句意。故答案為 D。 35. 答 案 Edetermine 解析 動詞辨析題。分析句子成分可知，空格處應(yīng)填入動詞。聯(lián)系上下文可以推斷出， 空格所在句大意為：研究人員將能夠確定這種心理戰(zhàn)術(shù)是否有助于阻止農(nóng)民射殺獅子。determine（確定）符合句意。故答案為 E。 Section B答案解析 答 案 36-45 DJLAE KIBGC 36. It has been found that inadequate recovery often leads to poor health and accidents. 定 位 D Research has found that there is a direct correlation between lack of recovery and increased incidence of health and safety problems. 解析 同義轉(zhuǎn)述題。由題干中的 recovery 和 health 定位到 D 段第二句。定位句提到，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，恢復(fù)期的缺乏與健康和安全問題的發(fā)生率增高之間有著直接的聯(lián)系。題干是對定位句的同義轉(zhuǎn)述。故答案為 D。37. Mental relaxation is much needed, just as physical relaxation is. 定 位 J Our brains need a rest as much as our bodies do. 解析 同義轉(zhuǎn)述題。由題干中的 Mental relaxation 和 physical relaxation 定位到 J 段最后一句。定位句提到，我們的大腦跟我們的身體一樣需要休息。題干是對定位句的同義轉(zhuǎn)述。故答案為 J。38. Adequate rest not only helps one recover, but also increases ones work efficiency. 定位 L Take all of your paid time off, which not only gives you recovery periods, but raises your productivity and likelihood of promotion. 解析 同義轉(zhuǎn)述題。由題干中的 recover 和 work efficiency 定位到 L 段最后一句。定位句提到，休完你所有的帶薪假期，這不僅可以提供恢復(fù)期，而且能夠提高你的工作效率， 增加晉升機會。題干是對定位句的同義轉(zhuǎn)述。故答案為 L。39. The author always has a hectic time before taking a flight.定 位 A We race to get all our ground work done: packing, going through security, doing a last-minute work call, calling each other, then boarding the plane. 解析 同義轉(zhuǎn)述題。由題干中的 before taking a flight 到 A 段第二句。定位句提到，我們急匆匆地把所有地面上的工作做完：打包行李、通過安檢、打最后一通工作電話、給對方打個電話，然后登機。題干是對定位句的同義轉(zhuǎn)述。故答案為 A。40. Recovery may not take place even if one seems to have stopped working. 定 位 E And just because work stops, it doesnt mean we are recovering. 解析 同義轉(zhuǎn)述題。由題干中的 Recovery、not take place 和 stopped working 定位到 E 段第一句。定位句提到，僅僅因為我們的工作停止了，并不意味著我們的精力在恢復(fù)。由此可知，即使一個人看似已經(jīng)停止了工作，他也不一定進人了恢復(fù)期。題干是對定位句的同義轉(zhuǎn)述。故答案為 E。41. It is advised that technology be used to prevent people from overworking. 定 位 K Amy Blankson describes how to strategically stop during the day by usingtechnology to control overworking. She suggests downloading the Instant or Moment apps to see how many times you turn on your phone each day. You can also use apps like Offtime or Unplugged to create tech free zones by strategically scheduling automatic airplane modes. 解析 細節(jié)歸納題。由題干中的 prevent 和 from overworking 定位到 K 段第三至五句。定位句提到，艾米布朗克森描述了如何利用科技來控制過度工作，從而在白天有策略地暫停工作。她建議人們下載 Instant 或 Moment 等應(yīng)用程序來記錄自己每天打開手機的次數(shù)。也可以使用像 Offtime 或 Unplugged 這類應(yīng)用程序來有策略地安排自動飛行模式來設(shè)立無科技區(qū)。題干是對定位句的概括歸納。故答案為 K。42. Contrary to popular belief, rest does not equal recovery.定 位 I Thats because rest and recovery are not the same thing. 解析 細節(jié)歸納題。由題干中的 rest 和 recovery 定位到 I 段最后一句。定位句提到，大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為，如果你停止回復(fù)電子郵件或?qū)懻撐牡热蝿?wù)，你的大腦會自然而然地恢復(fù)。但其實不然，想必每位讀者都有這種經(jīng)歷，你在床上躺了幾個小時卻還是無法入睡，因為你的大腦還在思考工作的事情。如果你在床上躺了八個小時，你可能已經(jīng)休息了，但是第三天還是感覺非常疲憊。這是因為休息和恢復(fù)不是一回事。題干是對定位句的概括歸納。故答案為 I。43. The author has come to see that his problem results from a misunderstanding of themeaning of resilience.定 位 B the problem comes from a misconception of what it means to be resilient, and the resulting impact of overworking. 解析 同義轉(zhuǎn)述題。由題干中的 problem、misunderstanding 和 the meaning of resilience 定位到 B 段最后一句。定位句提到，問題來自我們對于韌性的概念，以及過度工作帶來的后果的誤解。題干是對定位句的同義轉(zhuǎn)述。故答案為 B。 44. Peoples distorted view about resilience may have developed from their upbringing.定 位 G The misconception of resilience is often bred from an early age. 解析 細節(jié)辨認(rèn)題。由題干中的 distorted 和 upbringing 定位到 G 段第一句。定位句提到，對于韌性的誤解往往從很小的時候就開始了。故答案為 G。 45. People tend to think the more determined they are, the greater their success will be.定位 C We believe that the longer we tough it out, the tougher we are, and therefore themore successful we will be.解析 同義轉(zhuǎn)述題。由題干中的 the more determined 和 success 定位到 C 段第二句。定位句提到，我們相信我們咬牙堅持得越久，我們就越堅強，因此我們就更加成功。題干是對定位句的同義轉(zhuǎn)述。故答案為 C。 Section CPassage One答案解析46. 答 案 BThe predictors of childrens academic success. 解析 推理判斷題。文章第三、四段提到，With this study, researchers examined early academic attention and socio-emotional skills and how each contributed to academic successinto young adulthood. They found that early attention skills were the most consistent predictor of academic success, and that likability by peers also had a modest effect on academic performance.即通過這項研究，研究人員探究了早期的學(xué)業(yè)注意力和社會情感技能以及它們各自對青年時期的學(xué)業(yè)成功的貢獻。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，早期注意力技能是學(xué)業(yè)成功最穩(wěn)定的預(yù)測因素，而在同齡人中受歡迎的程度對學(xué)業(yè)表現(xiàn)也有輕微的影響。由此可知，這個研究的重點是孩子學(xué)業(yè)成功的預(yù)測因素。故答案為 B。47. 答 案 CBy preventing them from being affected by factors not under study. 解析 細節(jié)辨認(rèn)題。文章第五段最后一句提到，This was after controlling for IQ, socio- economic status and academic skills at school entry. 即這些數(shù)據(jù)剔除了智商、社會經(jīng)濟地位和入學(xué)時的學(xué)業(yè)技能等受控因素的影響。由此可知，研究者為確保研究的效度，設(shè)法防止研究受到無關(guān)因素的影響。故答案為 C。 48. 答 案 DChildrens academic performance may suffer from even slight inattention. 解析 推理判斷題。文章第七段第二句提到，“Our findings suggest that even more modestattention difficulties can increase the risk of negative academic outcomes,” said David Rabiner, an associate dean of Dukes Trinity College of Arts & Sciences, whose research has focused on ADHDand interventions to improve academic performance in children with attention difficulties. 即杜克大學(xué)三一文理學(xué)院副院長的研究結(jié)果表明，甚至更輕微的注意力障礙也會增加學(xué)習(xí)成績不佳的風(fēng)險。故答案為 D。 49. 答 案 AThey do better academically. 解析 細節(jié)辨認(rèn)題。文章第八段第二句提到，Children not as liked by their first-grade peers had slightly lower grades in fifth grade, while those with higher social acceptance had higher grades. 即在一年級不被同學(xué)們喜歡的孩子在五年級時成績稍低，而那些社會接受度高的孩子成績較高。由此可知，同伴接受度更高的孩子學(xué)業(yè)成績更好一些。故答案為 A。 50. 答 案 DAn all-round approach should be adopted in school education. 解析 推理判斷題。文章最后一段第一句提到，“Were learning that student success requires a more comprehensive approach, one that incorporates not only academic skills but also social, self-regulatory and attention skills,” Dodge said. 即研究者了解到，學(xué)生的成功需要一個更全面的方法不僅包含學(xué)業(yè)技能，而且包含社交、自我管理和注意力的技能。故答案為 D。 Passage Two答案解析51. 答 案 CIt is not so obvious but has caused some concern. 解析 推理判斷題。文章第三段提到，Often the advantages of convenient, mobile technology are both obvious and taken for granted, leaving more subtle topics for concerneddiscussion: Are smartphones disturbing childrens sleep? Is an inability to get away from workhaving a negative impact on health? And what are the implications for privacy? 即通常情況下， 便捷、移動技術(shù)的優(yōu)勢既顯而易見又被視為理所當(dāng)然，給相關(guān)討論留下了更微妙的話題： 智能手機是否在擾亂兒童的睡眠？無法擺脫工作是否在對健康造成負面影響？對隱私有什么影響？“subtle”表明不是很明顯，“concerned discussion”表明引起了關(guān)注，而隨后列舉的三個話題都是關(guān)于智能手機的負面影響。由此可知，作者認(rèn)為智能手機的負面影響不是很明顯，但也引起了一些關(guān)注。故答案為 C。 52. 答 案 DIt greatly improves research on human behavior. 解析 細節(jié)辨認(rèn)題。文章第四段第一句提到，But today, on the 10th anniversary of the iPhone, lets take a moment to consider a less obvious advantage: the potential for smartphone technology to revolutionize behavioral science. 這介紹了一個不太明顯的優(yōu)勢：智能手機技術(shù)徹底改變行為科學(xué)的潛力。根據(jù)常識可知，行為科學(xué)就是對人類行為的研究。故答案為D。 53. 答 案 BIt relies on lab observations and participants reports. 解析 推理判斷題。文章第五段最后一句提到，These studies are confirming, challenging and extending whats been found using more traditional approaches, in which people report how they behaved in real life or participate in relatively short and artificial laboratory-based tasks. 即在這些較為傳統(tǒng)的方法中，人們報告他們在現(xiàn)實生活中如何表現(xiàn)或者如何參與時間相對較短且基于人工實驗室的任務(wù)。由此可知，傳統(tǒng)心理學(xué)研究的特征是依賴實驗室觀察和參與者的報告。故答案為 B。 54. 答 案 ABy helping them pin down their unusual behaviors. 解析細節(jié)辨認(rèn)題。文章第六段最后一句提到，Beyondrevealingpopulation-wide patterns, the right combination of data and analysis can also help individuals identify uniquecharacteristics of their own behavior, including conditions that could indicate the need for some form of interventionsuch as an unusual increase in behaviors that signal a period of depression.即除了揭示全民模式之外，數(shù)據(jù)和分析的正確組合還可以幫助個人識別他們自己行為的獨特特征，包括可能表明需要某種形式的干預(yù)的狀況如表明抑郁期的行為在異常增加。由列舉的表明抑郁期的行為可知，未來的心理學(xué)研究通過幫助個人確定他們的異常行為來使他們受益。故答案為 A。 55. 答 案 BThey are increasingly focused on real-life situations. 解析 推理判斷題。文章第七段第二句提到，Today, the field is in transition, moving awayfrom a focus on laboratory studies with undergraduate participants towards more complex, real-world situations studied with more diverse groups of people. 如今，該領(lǐng)域正處于轉(zhuǎn)型期，從專注于本科生參與的實驗室研究轉(zhuǎn)向與更多元人群一起研究的更復(fù)雜、真實的情景。由上一句可知，該領(lǐng)域是指心理學(xué)，而 Today 表明是現(xiàn)階段的心理學(xué)研究，movingawayfrom.Towards.表明如今的心理學(xué)研究發(fā)生了轉(zhuǎn)變，轉(zhuǎn)向研究更復(fù)雜、真實的情景。故答案為 B。 Part IVTranslation翻譯原文 近年來，中國政府進一步加大體育館建設(shè)投資，以更好地滿足人們快速增長的健身需求。除了新建體育館外，許多城市還采取了改造舊工廠和商業(yè)建筑等措施，來增加當(dāng)?shù)伢w育館的數(shù)量。在政府資金的支持下，越來越多的體育館向公眾免費開放，或者只收取少量費用。許多體育館通過應(yīng)用現(xiàn)代信息技術(shù)大大提高了服務(wù)質(zhì)量。人們可以方便地在線預(yù)訂場地和付費?？梢灶A(yù)見，隨著運動設(shè)施的不斷改善，愈來愈多的人將會去體育館健身。 分句解析 第一句：近年來，中國政府進一步加大體育館建設(shè)投資，以更好地滿足人們快速增長的健身需求。 該句 該句可譯為：In recent years, the Chinese government has further increased its investment in gymnasium construction to better meet peoples rapidly growing demand for fitness. 第二句：除了新建體育館外，許多城市還采取了改造舊工廠和商業(yè)建筑等措施，來增加當(dāng)?shù)伢w育館的數(shù)量。該句 該句可譯為：In addition to building new gyms, measures, such as transforming old factories and commercial buildings into gyms, have also been taken in many cities to increase the number oflocal gyms. 第三句：在政府資金的支持下，越來越多的體育館向公眾免費開放，或者只收取少量費用。 該句 該句可譯為：Thanks to the governments grant, more and more gy