Book4unit6學(xué)案學(xué)生版g.doc

Book 4 Unit 6 Various Workplaces學(xué)案(學(xué)生版)第一課時(shí) 詞匯預(yù)習(xí)學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)學(xué)習(xí)掌握本單元詞匯學(xué)法指導(dǎo) 借助詞典磁帶等相關(guān)工具掌握詞匯的發(fā)音，大聲朗讀記憶一 根據(jù)英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)出詞性及漢語(yǔ)含義stressparking parking lotdocumentpaperworkcoworkerlifestyleprovestaffinterruptadditionimprovewagetelecommutingtime-savingflexibilityproductivityproductiveinstead ofspend forpay fora pile ofin addition occupationtiresomesignificantlymaterialtechniquesatellitechallengingexploreprocedurewisdompollutepracticalnuclearapplicantwell-beingthreateningexpectingtransportationcrisisefficient二 根據(jù)詞性及漢語(yǔ)含義寫(xiě)出英語(yǔ)新聞主播中斷，打斷改進(jìn)，進(jìn)步簡(jiǎn)歷牙科醫(yī)生挑戰(zhàn)探究，探險(xiǎn)煙霧污染，弄臟，污染物放射性的申請(qǐng)人，求職人緊迫的首先，最開(kāi)始把加到立即，馬上飛越，飛過(guò)為付出代價(jià)專(zhuān)心第二課時(shí)(Getting Ready & Pre-reading)學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)：1 檢查Unit6的單詞（單詞接力賽）。2 通過(guò)Getting Ready的學(xué)習(xí)，積累與工作有關(guān)的詞匯。3 練習(xí)說(shuō)理性科普文的閱讀技巧，進(jìn)行Reading的整體閱讀訓(xùn)練。4 完成P79 Comprehending 第1,2,3,4題Step 1 Pleasure in the job puts perfection in the work.樂(lè)在工作才有完美表現(xiàn)Step 2 Finish getting-ready on P77.Step 3Language points1. In cities all over the United States, workers spend several hours a day in cars crawling along in traffic to get to offices many miles from home. 在美國(guó)所有的城市，為感到離家數(shù)英里之外的辦公室，上班族每天都要在路上花費(fèi)幾個(gè)小時(shí)艱難的行駛。 crawl v. & n. many miles from home 為名詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)修飾 offices。 2. They experience stress, waste time, and pay a lot for gas, car repair, and parking.他們的承受壓力、浪費(fèi)時(shí)間，同時(shí)還得為油耗、維修和停車(chē)花上一大筆錢(qián)。 experience vt. 經(jīng)歷，體驗(yàn) 世界在最近二十年中經(jīng)歷了巨大變化。 The world great changes in the last two decades. n. a)經(jīng)歷；閱歷 他寫(xiě)了一部關(guān)于自己戰(zhàn)時(shí)經(jīng)歷的書(shū) He wrote a book about in the war. b)經(jīng)驗(yàn)；體驗(yàn)；感受 她可能欠缺經(jīng)驗(yàn)，但學(xué)得很快。 She may , but learns quickly.3. She stays at home in her pajamas with a pile of documents, talking with mangers over the phone and faxing in paperwork. 她可以披著睡衣呆在自己家里，閑散著拿著一摞文件，通過(guò)電話(huà)和經(jīng)理們溝通，并用傳真機(jī)接收書(shū)面文件。(1) pajamas n. (2) with a pile of documents 為介詞短語(yǔ)作方式壯語(yǔ)他醒著躺在床上，眼睛睜得大大的。He lay awake on the bed, (3) talking with mangers over the phone and faxing in paperwork 現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，也是表伴隨狀態(tài)她靜靜的坐在那兒聽(tīng)老師講課。She sat there quietly, (4) over the phone “通過(guò)電話(huà)”。也可以是 on the phone。有人打電話(huà)找你。 with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)練習(xí)練習(xí)1：請(qǐng)選擇最佳答案1）With nothing_to burn，the fire became weak and finally died out.A.leaving B.left C.leave D.to leave2）The girl sat there quite silent and still with her eyes_on the wall.A.fixing B.fixed C.to be fixing D.to be fixed3）I live in the house with its door_to the south.（這里with結(jié)構(gòu)作定語(yǔ)）A.facing B.faces C.faced D.being faced4）They pretended to be working hard all night with their lights_.A.burn B.burnt C.burning D.to burn練習(xí)2：用with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)完成下列句子1）_（有很多工作要做），I couldnt go to see the doctor.2）She sat_（低著頭）。3）The day was bright_.（微風(fēng)吹拂）4）_，（心存夢(mèng)想）he went to Hollywood.練習(xí)3：把下列句子中的劃線(xiàn)部分改寫(xiě)成with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。1）Because our lessons were over，we went to play football._.2）The children came running towards us and held some flowers in their hands._.3）My mother is ill，so I wont be able to go on holiday._.4）An exam will be held tomorrow，so I couldnt go to the cinema tonight._.答案及分析答案（練習(xí)1）：B.B. A.C.（練習(xí)2）：1）With a lot of work to do 2）with her head bent3）with a fresh breeze blowing4）With a dream in heart答案（練習(xí)3）：1）With our lessons over ，we went to play football.2）The children came running towards us with the flowers in their hands.3）With my mother being will，I wont be able to go on holiday.4）With the exam to be held tomorrow，I couldnt go to the cinema tonight第三課時(shí)reading II學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo) 文章經(jīng)典句研讀, 掌握重要詞匯及語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)知識(shí)點(diǎn)1. Nancy is a telecommuter, someone who works some or all of the time at home. 南茜其實(shí)就是一位不折不扣的電訊家庭辦公人士，也就是說(shuō)，他的家和辦公室合二為一，她可以在家里處理一部分或者所有的公務(wù)。tele- 表“遠(yuǎn)程”的前綴telephone n.電話(huà) v. television n. telecom (=telecommunication) telescope n. telecommunication n. telegram n. commute n.& v. 通勤,乘車(chē)上下班 commuter student telecommuter = tele + commuter telecommuting n. 2.What makes it possible is technology. 使得這一切成為可能的是科技（1）it 這里指前面一句話(huà)所提到的情況，possible 作 it 的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。（2）what makes it possible 是主語(yǔ)從句。主語(yǔ)從句在句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)。可以引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有：連接詞 that，whether； 連接代詞 what，which，whose；連接副詞when, where, why, how; 復(fù)合代詞 whatever，whoever 等。 他肯定會(huì)成功。 is certain. 還不知道她是否去那里。 is not known. 他說(shuō)的話(huà)不真實(shí)。 is not true. 誰(shuí)打破了窗戶(hù)還沒(méi)有查出來(lái)。 has not been found out.【練習(xí)】1_makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.AThat BWhat CWho DWhich2Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell_close you may be to victory.Ahow Bthat Cwhich Dwhere3_ one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.AWhoever BWhatever CWhichever DWherever4Its good to know_the dogs will be well cared for while were away.Awhat Bwhose Cwhich Dthat5It remains to be seen _ the newly formed committees policy can be put into practice.Athat Bwhich Cwhat Dwhether6_I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.AThat BWhich CWhether DWhat7Police have found_appears to be the lost ancient statue.Awhich Bwhere Chow Dwhat8The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief _ you are better than anyone else on the sports field.Ahow Bthat Cwhich Dwhether9From space, the earth looks blue.This is _about seventyone percent of its surface is covered by water.Awhy Bhow Cbecause Dwhether10_you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company.AWhen BHow CWhat DThat答案:BACDDDDBCC3. Personal computers, networking, videoconferencing, fax machines, email, and all kinds of phone lines provide the fast and timesaving communication required for telecommuting.臺(tái)式電腦、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)、視頻會(huì)議系統(tǒng)、傳真機(jī)、電子郵件以及多路電話(huà)線(xiàn)，這些科技的進(jìn)步都為電訊家庭辦公人士提供了快捷、高效的溝通渠道。(1) videoconferencing = video + conferencing( 會(huì)議 ) timesaving = time + saving (節(jié)省) adj. (2) required for telecommuting 過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于定語(yǔ)從句 that are required for telecommuting，修飾 the fast and timesaving communication ，required for telecommuting 與被修飾的the fast and timesaving communication 之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用的是過(guò)去分詞，表被動(dòng)。4. The experiences of many companies prove that telecommuting can increase workplace flexibility and add to productivity. 許多公司的經(jīng)驗(yàn)表明，電訊家庭辦公可以讓工作地點(diǎn)更加靈活，從而提高辦公效率。(1) prove 可作為及物代詞或不及物動(dòng)詞，表示“ ”。 (2) add to 增加，起增添作用他的話(huà)進(jìn)一步證明她是無(wú)辜的。 His remarks the proof that she is innocent.5. At Georgia Power Company, for example, a pilot telecommuting project was so successful that the company decided to increase the number of telecommuters by 300%. 以喬治亞電力公司為例，該公司的電訊家庭辦公試點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目就非常成功，所以公司決定把利用電訊設(shè)備在家上班人員的數(shù)量擴(kuò)大三倍。(1) pilot n. adj. (2) by表“（數(shù)量、程度等）以之差”。 他高出我一頭。 He is taller than me (3) increase to表示增長(zhǎng)到 人口已從120萬(wàn)增長(zhǎng)到了180萬(wàn)。The population has increased 1.2 million 1.8 million. increase by表示增長(zhǎng)了通貨膨脹率增長(zhǎng)了2%. The rate of inflation 第四課時(shí)reading III學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo) 文章經(jīng)典句研讀, 掌握重要詞匯及語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)知識(shí)點(diǎn)1. By mixing work with family, telecommuting often leads to more work hours and more interruptions with family life. 電訊家庭辦公模糊了辦公與家庭的界限，從而滯延了工作時(shí)間并侵?jǐn)_了家庭生活。(1) by 表“（方法、手段、方式等）憑借、靠、通過(guò)”。他以教書(shū)為生。 He earns his living 你這樣講是什么意思？ What do you mean ?2. After three months the workers reported that being away from the office was not at all productive to their work. 3個(gè)月后員工們反映，離開(kāi)辦公室對(duì)他們的工作反而起了消極負(fù)面的作用。（1）that being away from the office was not at all productive to their work 是賓語(yǔ)從句，作 reported 的賓語(yǔ)。 being away from the office 是動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)。（2）at all 在這里用于否定句中，構(gòu)成“notat all” 這一結(jié)構(gòu)，意思是“絲毫不，一點(diǎn)都不，根本不”。 我一點(diǎn)都不喜歡它。 at all 用于疑問(wèn)句、條件從句及肯定句中，意思是“究竟；從任何方面考慮；在任何情況下”。 你究竟看見(jiàn)他沒(méi)有？ 3. Telecommuting also makes many workers feel lonely and out of touch, leading to less productivity. 除此以外，獨(dú)自在家辦公也使許多員工感到寂寞，覺(jué)得與世隔絕，因而導(dǎo)致辦 事效率下滑。（1）leading to less productivity 是現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。 他父親去世了，什么也沒(méi)給他留下 。 His father died, （2）lead to 在這里是“引起，導(dǎo)致，造成”的意思，相當(dāng)于 cause。 Too much work and too little rest often leads to illness. 那可能會(huì)引發(fā)一場(chǎng)內(nèi)戰(zhàn)。 （3）make 作使役動(dòng)詞，表示“使做某事，使成為”，常有如下用法： make + sb. do sth. 表示“使做某事”,但被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中要用 be made to do sth.。他讓我們工作了整整一夜。主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) make sb./sth. + 名詞/名詞詞組, 表示“使成為/當(dāng)”。 我們讓他當(dāng)我們的班長(zhǎng) 。 make sb./sth. + 形容詞, 表示“使怎樣”。 這消息是她高興。 make sb./sth. + 過(guò)去分詞, 表示“使被知道、懂得、聽(tīng)清等”。 你最好讓你的計(jì)劃為人所知。 make it + 形容詞 + that 從句, it 為形式賓語(yǔ)，真正的賓語(yǔ)是 that 從句。 我已經(jīng)說(shuō)得很明白，我們將把失去的時(shí)間補(bǔ)回來(lái)。 I have that well make up for the lost time. make it + 形容詞 + 不定式, it 為形式賓語(yǔ)，真正的賓語(yǔ)是不定式。 好天氣使我們外出成為可能。The fine weather . 4. In addition, technological improvements, such as high speed modems, are both important and necessary. 此外，技術(shù)的改進(jìn)，如高速的調(diào)制解調(diào)器也至關(guān)重要。(1) such as high speed modems 這里做插入語(yǔ)。(2) in addition 意思是“此外（還）” 瑪麗阿姨給我們的野餐準(zhǔn)備了三明治，還有一包餅干。Aunt Mary gave us sandwiches for picnic and a bag of cookies 第五課時(shí)Verb-ing Form1動(dòng)名詞由動(dòng)詞 + ing構(gòu)成，否定形式為not doing，具有動(dòng)詞和名詞的性質(zhì)，在句中起名詞作用，可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)。1）作主語(yǔ)。如：Seeing is believing. Laying eggs is the ant queens full-time job. It is no use arguing with him. 注意：動(dòng)名詞和不定式都可以作主語(yǔ)，動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)表示一般或抽象的多次性行為，不定式作主語(yǔ)往往表示具體的或一次性的動(dòng)作。如：Playing with fire is dangerous. （泛指玩火）To play with fire will be dangerous. （指一具體動(dòng)作）但在It is no use/good, not any use/good, useless等后常用動(dòng)名詞間或用不定式。2）作表語(yǔ)。如：Her job is teaching. 3）作賓語(yǔ)。如：He is fond of playing football. I like swimming. admit，appreciate，avoid，consider，delay，dislike，enjoy，escape，excuse，face，feel，like，finish，forgive，give up，imagine，include，keep，mention，mind，miss，practise，put off，resist，risk，suggest，cant help（情不自禁），cant stand（無(wú)法忍受）等動(dòng)詞成詞組后可以用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，但不能用不定式。forget，go on，mean，regret，remember，stop，try等動(dòng)詞或詞組可帶動(dòng)名詞或不定式作賓語(yǔ)，但意義上有區(qū)別。Lets go on studying Lesson 6. （讓我們繼續(xù)學(xué)第六課。說(shuō)明前面已學(xué)了一部分。）Lets go on to study Lesson 6. （讓我們接著學(xué)第六課。說(shuō)明前面已學(xué)了第五課。）I remember doing the exercise. （我記得做過(guò)練習(xí)。）I must remember to do it. （我必須記著做這事。）I tried not to go there. （我設(shè)法不去那里。）I tried doing it again. （我試著又做了一次。）Stop speaking. （不要講話(huà)。）He stopped to talk. （他停下來(lái)講話(huà)。）I mean to come early today. （我打算今天早些來(lái)。）Missing the train means waiting for another hour. （誤了這趟火車(chē)意味著再等一個(gè)小時(shí)。）在allow，advise，forbid，permit等動(dòng)詞后直接跟動(dòng)名詞形式作賓語(yǔ)，如果后面有名詞或代詞作賓語(yǔ)，其后用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。如：We dont allow smoking here. We dont allow students to smoke. 動(dòng)詞need，require，want作“需要”解，其后必須用動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式或不定式的被動(dòng)形式作賓語(yǔ)表示事情需要做，這時(shí)，動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)式表示被動(dòng)意義。be worth后必須用動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式來(lái)表示被動(dòng)意義。如：The window needs/requires/wants cleaning/to be cleaned. Her method is worth trying. 在短語(yǔ)devote to，look forward to，stick to，to be used to，object to，thank you for，excuse me for，be(kept) busy，have difficulty/trouble/problem(in)，have a good/wonderful/hard time(in)，theres no use/good/need，feel/seem like/get down to等后的動(dòng)詞也必須用動(dòng)名詞形式，例如：I look forward to hearing from you soon. 在love，hate，prefer，like等動(dòng)詞后用動(dòng)名詞或不定式無(wú)多大區(qū)別。有時(shí)用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，指一般情況，而跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)指某一具體行為。start，begin，continue在書(shū)面語(yǔ)中多后接動(dòng)名詞，在口語(yǔ)中多后接不定式。但start和begin在下列情況下一般跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)：當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是物而不是人時(shí)；當(dāng)start或begin以-ing形式出現(xiàn)時(shí)，當(dāng)后面作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞表示感情、思想或意念時(shí)。如：It started to snow. He is beginning to cook dinner. I began to understand what he meant. 在should(would) like/love等后須用不定式。4）作定語(yǔ)，例如：He has a reading room. 2動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)由物主代詞或人稱(chēng)代詞賓格、名詞所有格或普通格加動(dòng)名詞構(gòu)成。在句子開(kāi)頭必須用名詞所有格或物主代詞。如果動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語(yǔ)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)是無(wú)生命的名詞時(shí)，用普通格。如：His coming made me very happy. Marys crying annoyed him. She didnt mind his crying. Is there any hope of Xiao Wangs winning.?He insists on the plan being carried out. 3動(dòng)名詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)動(dòng)名詞的時(shí)態(tài)分一般式和完成式兩種，如果動(dòng)名詞的動(dòng)作沒(méi)有明確地表示出時(shí)間是與謂語(yǔ)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作以前發(fā)生，用動(dòng)名詞的一般式。如：We are interested in playing chess. His coming will be of great help to us. 如果動(dòng)名詞的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前，通常用動(dòng)名詞的完成時(shí)態(tài)。如：Im sorry for not having kept my promise. 在某些動(dòng)詞或詞組后，常用動(dòng)名詞的一般形式，盡管其動(dòng)作是在謂語(yǔ)所表示的動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生的。如：Excuse me for coming late. 主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)名詞所表示的動(dòng)作的對(duì)象時(shí)，動(dòng)名詞用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)由“being + 過(guò)去分詞”或“having been + 過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成。后一種一般很少使用，以免使句子顯得累贅。如：He likes being helped. He was afraid of being left at home. I dont remember having ever been given a chance to do it. 第六課時(shí) 語(yǔ)法練習(xí)一、說(shuō)出下列動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)在句中的作用1 Would you mind carrying this suitcases for us?2 It has been so nice meeting you.3 The main difficulty was finding enough raw material.4 The real problem is knowing what to write.5 It was annoying not being able to remember the new words.6 Working in the open air has given you a good color.7 The girls are all fond of dancing.8 It made him ill drinking so much whisky.9 Your job will be looking after the cows.二. 選擇題12013重慶卷 The engine just wont start.Something seems _ wrong with it.Ato go Bto have gone Cgoing Dhaving gone22013湖南卷 You cannot accept an opinion _ to you unless it is based on facts. A. offering a Bto offer Chaving offered Doffered32013陜西卷 Let those in need _ that we will go all out to help them.Ato understand Bunderstand Cunderstanding Dunderstood42013北京卷 Volunteering gives you a chance _ lives, including your own.A. change Bchanging Cchanged Dto change52013北京卷 When we saw the road _ with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home. A. block Bto block Cblocking Dblocked62013福建卷 Anyone, once _ positive for H7N9 flu virus, will receive free medical treatment from our government.A. to be tested Bbeing tested Ctested Dto test72013湖南卷 The sun began to rise in the sky, _ the mountain in golden light. A. bathed Bbathing Cto have bathed Dhaving bathed82013湖南卷 _ warm at night, I would fill the woodstove, then set my alarm clock for midnight so I could refill it. A. Staying BStayed CTo stay DStay92013江蘇卷 Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and _ to ruins, the city took on a new look.Areducing Breduced Cbeing reduced Dhaving reduced102013新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷 I got to the office earlier that day, _ the 7：30 train from Paddington.Acaught Bto have caught Cto catch Dhaving caught11. The guide asked us again if we had ever been to the temple_ the Ming Dynasty.A. dated back to Bthat date back to Cdate back to Ddating back to12. Early this year cruel snowstorms hit southern China, _ great transportation problems in some areas.Acaused Bcausing Cto cause Dhaving caused13. Measures must be taken to prevent pollution_ happily.Afrom we live Bfor us to live Cus living Dfrom our living14Apple has given in to intense pressure from Chinese state media about its customer service practices，_ to consumers in its secondlargest market.Aapologizing Bapologize Chaving apologized Dto apologize15_to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film.AHaving been asked BTo ask CHaving asked DTo be asked16. The horse_the distance in six days_the trains 28 hours.Aran; comparing with Bcovered; compared withCoccupied; compared with Dcovered; comparing with17. Jenny was bending over a desk, her tongue sticking out slightly，_ in the pain of composition.Ahaving absorbed Babsorbed Cbeing absorbed Dabsorbing18I will be surprised if you can get Calvin, who is very busy，_these tickets for you.Abuy Bbuying Cbuys Dto buy19. Life is a journey_with hardships, joys and special moments.Afilled Bto fill Cfilling Dhaving filled20. A hearty laugh relieves physical tension，_your muscles relaxed for over half an hour.Ato leave Bleft Cleaving Dleave21. _ wealthy people with the business tax instead of the individual income tax weakens government efforts _ the wealth gap. A. Taxing； closing B. Taxing； to close C. Tax； to close D. Having taxed； closing22. Little Tom went to the stadium in a hurry， only _ the game had been put off. A. being informed B. informed C. to be informed D. to inform23. English teachers are supposed _their students a test in class， even after class， _better teaching re