研究生英漢翻譯練習.doc

Book1(1)A. Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese.由于與許多海外地區(qū)大量的殖民貿易，所有歐洲重要商業(yè)國以及它們在西半球領地的金銀鑄幣在北美東海岸都可以自由交換。由于法律不允許英國貨幣從英國流向殖民地，相比之下，西班牙的貨幣更加重要。這些貨幣在墨西哥城及利馬鑄造，再進入西班牙殖民地。西班牙幣在殖民地被普遍使用，以至于這種硬幣最后成為美國貨幣單位。雖然早在1652年馬薩諸塞首次嘗試鑄造低含金量的硬幣，但殖民地最終還是轉而印制紙幣以補充他們短缺而且不可靠的貨幣供給。著名人士的期票與簽發(fā)給英國商人的匯票幾個月內就能順利轉手。此外，各個殖民地的財政部門開始在收稅前簽發(fā)期票，同時向城鎮(zhèn)官員下達書面命令要求當?shù)氐赇伮男懈犊盍x務，像其他可流通的單據一樣，這些票據經背書后可作為貨幣進行交換。B. Translate the following sentences into English.（1）With Chinas successful entry into the WTO, state-owned banks are faced with more and more pressure. This big bank intends to merge with two small banks so as to quickly solve the problem of capital deficiency and enlarge its scale. （2）Because of the effect of global economic recession and inflation, many small businesses in this city have gone bankrupt or have been swallowed up by giant corporations, leading to a large number of workers facing unemployment.（3）He didnt marry her because he felt that although pity was closely akin to love, they were still different. He hoped to marry for love, but not for pity.（4）Web-based education seems to be a perfect way to reach a large number of potential students, as well as curtail the high infrastructure andpersonnel costs of traditional schooling.（5）With the growing of this towns economy, the local government intends to tailor a first-class nursing home for the needs of the elderly. （6）The deregulation of financial markets taken by government is very helpful to economical globalization, but, at the same time, it brings some unpleasant influences on domestic economy.（7）I wish my little brother would desist from playing network games all day, otherwise he would have to discontinue his studies.（8）One shop began to prolong the shop hours, and all other shops along the same street followed suit.（9）Following the dramatic currency depreciations in many East Asian economies in 1997, these countries suffered from sharp and lingering recessions. This outcome runs counter to the notion that we should increase output because depreciation makes domestically produced goods cheaper.Book1(2)A. Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese.(1) 并非所有地區(qū)都會經歷同樣的氣候變曖，有些地區(qū)會變得更干更熱，然而另外一些地區(qū)則會遭遇較冷的天氣。全球氣候變暖可能產生的預期后果包括極地冰蓋融化，海岸沿線被淹沒，劇烈的暴風雨，降雨模式的改變,以及現(xiàn)有生態(tài)平衡的廣泛變化等等。根據目前的狀況, 據估計在下個世紀全球海平面將上升1595厘米。這足以把世界上三分之一人口的家園淹沒。由于像蚊子這類傳播疾病的昆蟲的棲息地的擴大，傳染性疾病也將變得越來越多，許多物種或許不能適應如此劇烈的氣候變化而最終滅絕。(2) 但是，總的來看，那個長期的真正能夠解決環(huán)境危機的方法卻被所有的領導人忽視了。倘若不去調整我們的經濟，我們將只能是綠化垂死的樹上的個別葉子。我們的政府，和它的前任們一樣，堅持認為持續(xù)增長的全球貿易理所當然是一件好事情。因此，政府給予了無數(shù)直接或間接的資助。這些資助只能使那些生產遠距離出口商品的大公司獲益。B. Translate the following sentences into English.(1) As to the climate crisis, we are better off with a clean slate than a weak proposal because once the proposal is made, politicians will close the climate chapter for some time.(2) Shes cottoned on that her constant stomachache was caused by eating the smoked meat on offer last week at the local market.(3) That superstar descended on a small costal town, which was splashed across the front page of the local newspaper next day.(4) His last-ditch effort to win a place in the business world collapsed, which seemed frustrating. But in the long run, it was also for the best because he could learn a lot from the failure, (5) Parents lavish their love and care on their children. However, when they become old, some of them are condemned to live alone.(6) The present political leaders of our country, in line with his predecessors, were wedded to the belief that we should not retreat in the action against corruption.(7) The school dropouts in poverty-stricken areas came back to school by courtesy of the subsidies from government and donations from the kind people.(8) Under the effective organization by the local government, the damage caused by the flood has been watered down to the minimum.(9) Superpowers forge ahead in economic development, leaving other countries far behind. But it doesnt necessarily mean that they have the final say over everything.Book1(3)A. Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese.據美國國家過敏和傳染病中心(NIAID)的研究人員說, 往猴子的鼻內噴一次試驗疫苗, 猴子就可以免得非典。同時，一些荷蘭的科學家已經成功地利用人類抗體保護了白鼬不受病毒侵襲。由亞歷山大博克樂耶夫領導的NIAID科研小組給產生主要非典蛋白的基因（叫做SARS-S）注入一種削弱的人類流感病毒，再把這樣培養(yǎng)出來的試驗疫苗接種給四個猴子，而另外四個猴子給以安慰疫苗。八個猴子所給的疫苗均被直接噴入猴子的鼻腔。免疫接種后一個月，兩組猴子都被有意染上非典。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，從接受安慰疫苗的猴子的呼吸道的取樣中有復制的病毒，這表明免疫接種失敗。而在接受正常疫苗的猴子身上卻沒有這種癥狀。B. Translate the following sentences into English.(1) Though difficulties kept on cropping up in his research work, he stillsucceeded in finding this new element after solving all the problems.(2) The train was moving at such a good clip that one days travel brought him to the south with scorching sun from the northern part of the country covered with white snow.(3) During the first voyage in the sea, this ships engine broke down, so it was left at the mercy of the rough sea. (4) While seeking after their own profit, some companies ignore the farmer workers interest. Recently, the government has been bombarded with the complaints about delayed payment.(5) With the bird flu emerging in some Southeast Asian countries，our government has placed the imported food from those countries undercloser surveillance.(6) While economic globalization has brought absolute opportunities to some Chinese, the challenges it causes to others are also unmistakable.(7) To our relief, the vote in this conference stopped certain countries from containing China.(8) With some people, the old saying “Ones character at three years old seals his fate.” is true, but there are many people with different experiences.Book1(4)A. Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.何謂女權主義？根據一般定義，女權主義是一種重視女性及其貢獻的哲學。它以在女性的社會、政治、經濟權利平等為基礎。女權主義者可以是任何人，包括男人、女人、男孩、女孩。此外，女權主義也可定義為一種運動，一場革命，參與它的男性和女性都希望這個世界平等，不要存在任何劃分的界線。劃分的界線或者說障礙就是廣為大家所知的針對性別、性取向、年齡、婚姻狀況和經濟狀況等方面的歧視和偏見。每個人都以他/她自己的性別觀和平等觀來看待這個世界。女權主義者認為這個世界不平等。他們希望看到性別歧視和男性優(yōu)于女性的觀念淡化，直至消失。B. Translate the following sentences into English.(1) Pearl Sydenstricker Buck was born to parents who were missionaries. She lived in China with her parents for seventeen years and was saturated in Chinese culture.(2) How can you justify your rude behavior towards your parents who love you so much?(3) He has grown up and outgrown the adolescent bad habits of smoking and drinking.(4) We hold that it is self-evident that no state should interfere with the domestic affairs of other nations. This is especially true of great powers.(5) Before their family life came down, they couldnt imagine that they would content themselves with the simple life: a small room, dry bread, and plain boiled water.(6) Though the outlaw boasted he would never be taken alive, he submitted to the police without any struggle when surrounded.(7) In order to receive higher education, she contend fiercely with herfather who believes that women are doomed to spending their life at the kitchen sink.(8) What the single mother has instilled in her daughter is feminism.Book1(5)A. Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.我們的計算機網絡相當先進，不久會使我們有機會和當?shù)毓旧踔疗渌髮W共享我們的教學專長。一個專門的遠程學習中心已在醞釀之中。我們將越來越多地利用基于網絡的計算機課程來提高我們的教學水平，同時也使校外的學生有機會學習。這并不意味著計算機終端將會取代教師，學生永遠需要當場指導和高質量的面授。但這的確意味著我們可以逐步完善我們的教學課程，并使之以課本的形式讓大家利用。就我們大學自身來講，提供更多的學習機會一直是我們的第一要務。我們在努力解除劍橋的神秘感，增加錄取公立中學畢業(yè)生的比率。我們要確保鼓勵和支持少教民族、外國學生和殘疾學生申請劍橋，確保婦女全面參與大學事務，增強她們在高級學術職位方面的代表性我們要鼓勵校友們更加關心劍橋，以便吸收他們的專長和經驗。B. Translate the following sentences into English.(1) According to my friends suggestion, the room was converted from a single bedroom to a study.(2) People always connect Xian with the Big Goose Pagoda and Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses.(3) College students must have access to a good library, through which their knowledge and experience can be enriched.(4) The dam was not strong enough to hold back the flood so that the river burst its banks and flooded the houses nearby.(5) Her success was largely due to her efforts. Also her parents words were a great contribution to her.(6) Through participating in planning our field trip, my group members and I had to define our intended learning goals for the students.(7) With the motive of revenge, I sent an e-mail to everyone in the officewhich began as follow: “We regret to inform you that you have missed this opportunity, .”(8) Even though this IC (integrated circuit) is expected to function as a latch circuit, it can also be used as the RS (recommended standard) flip-flop.Book1(6)A. Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese.(1) 美國并未激起產生恐怖主義根源的原始的民族和種族仇恨，然而，美國也并不能完全脫離干系。在中東地區(qū)，可能基于地域政治和經濟上的考慮美國不得不既支持以色列的民主形式，又支持沙特阿拉伯的溫和立場。但這種支持更多地促使和加劇了災難性的民族主義，而并沒有使經濟和軍事上的安全得到保證。以色列對占領區(qū)的控制點燃了阿拉伯世界的戰(zhàn)火。沙特政權之所以仍然存在部分原因是由于默默地鼓勵基督教原教旨主義者把他們對國內政治的不滿發(fā)泄在美國和以色列身上。(2) 帕蒂西赫威特語氣溫和，言辭謹慎。當激動時，聲音有些顫抖，“911事件之后，我們開始在全球范圍內建立一個強有力的反恐聯(lián)盟。但是如果我們要建立一個持久的、真正強有力的國際反恐聯(lián)盟來確保安全，那么我們就得建立一個同樣強有力的經濟聯(lián)盟。換言之，建立一個能夠確保全球貿易自由，公平的經濟聯(lián)盟，因為假如我們不去解決整個發(fā)展中國家所面臨的饑餓、苦難、挫敗等問題，我們就永遠解決不了恐怖主義以及其它危及世界和平的問題?！盉. Translate the following sentences into English.(1) In big cities the increasing reliance of the third industry on guest workers is entrenched. Without legions of them to participate in the cities construction, the development of many cities would grind to a halt. (2) The development of economy mainly hinges on social stability. Therefore, the overwhelming task at present is to maintain stability. (3) An open international metropolis should practice cultural pluralism, where people with different cultural backgrounds coexist peacefully and develop together. (4) Due to drug abuse, he was detached from the people around him. Gradually, he embraced a moral revulsion towards drug abuse and was determined to give it up. (5) He has a big car, a cottage, and all the other trappings of success. Buthe was not happy at all. (6) Some people turn a hostile eye toward those who dissent from their views, which is not what an open-minded person should do. (7) Contrary to what he expected, he failed to be promoted this time. After returning to his home, he vented his anger on his wife. (8) The American way of life is characterized by reverence for material abundance. Book1(7)A. Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese.管教孩子沒有必要采取懲罰、強迫、管制或嚴厲批評的方式。對孩子應贊揚鼓勵，既嚴格又和藹，讓他們處在輕松愉快的氛圍中，而不應嚴加批評，這樣他們將會學得更好。父母決定著家庭的氛圍。父母對氛圍的好壞有很大的影響。孩子在我們的滿懷期望下要比在我們的管制下會做得更多、更好。我雖然不贊同孩子一有問題就責備家長，但我確信我們家長在家庭中的影響比我們意識到的要大得多。我們需要牢記這種影響，并充分施展這種影響，而永遠不要對孩子失望。 家長在煩惱的時候應重整旗鼓，變換思維方式，重新評價孩子。嘗試周到的家庭教育需要時間，需要費心，還需要一個輕松的環(huán)境。如果你情緒不好，就要讓你和孩子冷靜一段時間。解決問題的方法經常在情緒平靜時想出來。B. Translate the following sentences into English.1. She has quitted her job to take care of her baby, and for better or worse, she cannot afford to think of too much.2. To point out that a child has learning disability cannot account for that he cannot learn. The point is to find out exactly where the problem is.3. For some women, bearing children will not have to result in a black-and-white situation-staying home with the baby or keeping up at work.4. In this novel, Rip is such a character who idled away with his dog all day long in the village, except occasionally running errands for his wife whom he was afraid of.5. The performance of the art group attracted so many workers that the audience spilt over from the auditorium to the surrounding area.6. In order to speed up development, our country has reached reciprocal agreements with many other countries.7. They think that one of the important manifestations of democracy is that all the people can enjoy the freedom of voicing their minds.8. The poverty and hardships during his childhood encouraged this president never to waver to become a self-made man, which has been a model for the world.Book1(8)A. Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese.朦朧之中顯現(xiàn)出來的那龐然大物，十分宏偉，寂然不動而氣勢超凡。那就是中國的長城。它與世無涉，像大自然似的，沿著山的一側蜿蜒而上，再往下進入山谷深處。每隔一定的距離就有一座了望臺，冷峻威嚴，鐵面無私，堅不可破。建造它已無情地奪取了千百萬人的生命，每一塊灰色大磚石上都染滿了俘虜和囚徒者的斑斑血淚，正因為如此，它跨越崇山峻嶺奔向遠方。它無所畏懼，漫漫征程無盡頭，一程又一程地走到亞洲最遠的地方。它孑然而立，像它所捍衛(wèi)的帝國那樣神秘莫測。這就是中國的長城，在朦朧中龐大宏偉，寂然不動，氣勢非凡。B. Translate the following sentences into English.1. The fresh morning air, the singing of birds, the trees and flowers on the sides of the streets, the stars at night conspire to make you feel how beautiful the life is.2. Some Chinese brands have found their place in the international market by means of the competitive price. At the same time they have not ignored such strategies as product quality, efficient distribution, and after-sale services.3. Several friends of my sister, Mary, frequently informed her that her best friend, Carol, had said bad things about her behind her back. They brainwashed her into believing it, but she was very sorry when she found out it was not true.4. A politician must strive to project himself if he wants to win an election.5. With the fast pace of life, people feel that their time is limited, and that they drive faster and faster, which makes the roadway look like a racing track. The automobiles running at a high speed seriously threaten the safety of pedestrians.6. Nowadays people become increasingly dependent on automobiles. Despite one mile round trip to work, they will resort to automobiles.7. Low in price and good in quality, the commodities made in China have won hearts of the consumers all over the world.8. Starting from scratch, Chinese automobile industry has gradually developed into what it is now. But with it at the preliminary stage, it is impractical to set an excessively high quality standard for it.Book1(9)A. Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese.（1）但是如果私人太空機構回避出于炫耀目的的載人太空旅行，那么完全有理由相信他們將為出于個人、商業(yè)、科學以及其他原因想要或需要去太空旅行的人們提供非常好的服務。在許多美