外刊經(jīng)貿(mào)知識(shí)選讀 課 帶中文翻譯 (6).doc

旺旺英語(yǔ)Lesson 6 Economic Trouble Cloud New Markets Future經(jīng)濟(jì)問(wèn)題使新市場(chǎng)前景陰暗By Howard LafranchiStaff Writer of The Christian Science MonitorWhen the European Communitys vast single market officially takes effect on Jan. 1, there will be no balloons and brass bands, and holiday fliers between EC cities will still face passport checks at airports. Europeans will wake up new years day with the same 10 per cent unemployment and doubts about European unity.當(dāng)歐洲共同體的統(tǒng)一大市場(chǎng)在1月1日正式啟動(dòng)的時(shí)候，不會(huì)有氣球與軍樂(lè)隊(duì)，并且在歐共體的城市間乘飛機(jī)度假的人依然將面臨在機(jī)場(chǎng)的護(hù)照檢查。新年第一天歐洲人醒來(lái)將依然面臨著10的失業(yè)率和對(duì)歐洲統(tǒng)一的懷疑?！癟here wont be the big bang some might have expected,” says Ricardo Perissich, Ecdirector-general for the single market.“不會(huì)有一些人可能期待的翻天覆地的變化，”歐共體負(fù)責(zé)單一市場(chǎng)的秘書長(zhǎng)里卡多佩里西齊說(shuō)。Yet in its current dour mood, Europe risks almost overlooking the revolutionary step forward it has taken in creating the worlds largest and wealthiest barrier-free marketand on a continent where, for centuries, economic battles have let to some of historys bloodiest wars. Moreover, a failure to reinforce the single market by pushing forward with European integration could lead to an unraveling of what the internal market program has achieved, some observers say.然而在目前抑郁的情緒中，歐洲似乎忽視了歐共體統(tǒng)一市場(chǎng)這一具有革命性意義的步伐，因?yàn)榻y(tǒng)一市場(chǎng)是創(chuàng)立了世界上最大的、最富有的自由市場(chǎng)，而在過(guò)去幾個(gè)世紀(jì)歐洲經(jīng)濟(jì)紛爭(zhēng)曾經(jīng)導(dǎo)致了人類歷史上最為血腥的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。另外某些觀察人士表示，如果無(wú)法通過(guò)推進(jìn)歐洲一體化來(lái)加強(qiáng)統(tǒng)一市場(chǎng)，那將已經(jīng)取得的市場(chǎng)一體化成果就可能付諸東流?！癟he single market is central to the communitys progress, but it is by no means certain that it could stand alone,” says one senior EC official here, “if the political will to continue moving forward fails, we can anticipate more strains in the marriage contract that ultimately would strike at what weve accomplished.”“統(tǒng)一市場(chǎng)是歐共體進(jìn)程的核心環(huán)節(jié)，但統(tǒng)一市場(chǎng)不能孤立的存在”，一位歐共體高級(jí)官員表示，“如果喪失了繼續(xù)前進(jìn)的政治意愿，那么聯(lián)盟就會(huì)出現(xiàn)更多的緊張因素，最終將影響我們已經(jīng)取得的成績(jī)?！盩he ECs languishing Maastricht Treaty for deeper political and economic integration is the obvious example cited. Without the prospect of a single European currency, as called for in Maastricht, the single market risks experiencing more of the damaging monetary instability of the past few months, some analysts note. And without the promise of deeper political integration, those EC countries looking for more than a glorified free-trade zone could tire of the single markets free-market philosophy.其中旨在加深歐洲政治經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化的馬斯特里赫特條約的久拖不決就是歐洲各國(guó)缺乏政治意愿的明顯例證。某些分析人士表示，如果馬斯特里赫特條約所倡導(dǎo)的統(tǒng)一歐洲貨幣無(wú)法落實(shí)，那么過(guò)去幾個(gè)月在歐洲統(tǒng)一市場(chǎng)發(fā)生的貨幣格局動(dòng)蕩就會(huì)在未來(lái)重演。如果缺乏加深政治合作的決心，那么那些希望歐洲不僅能組建經(jīng)濟(jì)聯(lián)盟而且也能組建政治同盟的國(guó)家就會(huì)對(duì)老生常談的自由市場(chǎng)理念感到厭倦。As Europes economy has soured, free-market ideas that are new to much of Europe face new challenges. “Its worth remembering that a majority of the questions asked during the debate in France on the Maastricht referendum actually had nothing to do with Maastricht at all, but with measures already taken under the single market.” says Perissich. “We are not safely beyond a backlash against the new world of competition.”由于歐洲的經(jīng)濟(jì)已經(jīng)惡化，歐洲大部分地區(qū)都不熟悉的自由市場(chǎng)思想將面臨新的挑戰(zhàn)?！爸档糜涀〉氖?，在法國(guó)的討論會(huì)期間被問(wèn)及的關(guān)于馬斯特里赫特條約的公民復(fù)決權(quán)的大部分問(wèn)題實(shí)際上與馬斯特里赫特條約沒有任何關(guān)系，而是與統(tǒng)一大市場(chǎng)下已經(jīng)采取的措施有關(guān)系。”佩里西齊說(shuō)。“出現(xiàn)大規(guī)模抵制新競(jìng)爭(zhēng)世界的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)依然存在。”If Europeans arent bursting to give the single market a coming-out party, it may simple be that markets arent the kinds of things people gush about, as EC commission president Jacques Delors has often noted. The fact that free movement of peoplean aspect of the market that will be most evident to the average personis not yet a reality also plays a role.歐共體委員會(huì)主席雅克德洛爾斯經(jīng)常說(shuō)，如果歐洲人并不對(duì)統(tǒng)一市場(chǎng)歡呼雀躍，那么市場(chǎng)并不是歐洲人民的最終期待。比如統(tǒng)一市場(chǎng)應(yīng)包含的且對(duì)普通個(gè)人更具意義的自由遷徙權(quán)至今尚未實(shí)現(xiàn)，這也可能是歐洲人對(duì)統(tǒng)一市場(chǎng)并不激動(dòng)的原因。Another explanation is that many of the markets original 282 directives have already been implemented.另一個(gè)原因是統(tǒng)一市場(chǎng)所包含的282項(xiàng)行動(dòng)綱領(lǐng)中許多其實(shí)都早已實(shí)施。 “By Jan. 1 we will have passed 95 per cent of what sought in 1986 to create the single market, and much of that will already have been translated into national law,” says Perissich. “Adjustment to the market has been going on for years and wont be expected over-night.”“到1月1日，我們?cè)?986年謀劃統(tǒng)一市場(chǎng)時(shí)規(guī)劃內(nèi)容中的95%都已經(jīng)落實(shí)，并且大多數(shù)已被設(shè)立為各國(guó)法律，”佩里西齊說(shuō)，“統(tǒng)一市場(chǎng)的建設(shè)已經(jīng)持續(xù)多年，它并非是發(fā)生在一夜之間。”But perhaps the major reason is the dark economic clouds now hanging over Europe. One of the central justifications for the single market was its ability to create greater prosperity, but it is making its debut just as Europe traverses one of its roughest economic storms in years.但或許歐洲人對(duì)統(tǒng)一市場(chǎng)缺乏熱情的主要原因還是籠罩在歐洲上空的黑暗的經(jīng)濟(jì)烏云。建設(shè)統(tǒng)一大市場(chǎng)的基本理由是它能夠創(chuàng)造更大的繁榮，但統(tǒng)一市場(chǎng)推出之時(shí)卻正是近年來(lái)歐洲經(jīng)濟(jì)最為低迷之際?！癢ere going to wind up 1992 with just about the same level of unemployednearly 10 per cent community widethat we had before this project,” says an aide to Mr. Delors. In addition, economic growth is skidding to an anticipated 1 per cent next year. All of which adds up to consumer and business confidence sinking to the same lows recorded during the pre-single market days of Europessimism.“在1992年歐洲的失業(yè)率仍將高達(dá)10%左右，該水平相對(duì)于統(tǒng)一市場(chǎng)推出之前并無(wú)改善，”德洛爾斯的某位下屬說(shuō)。另外，明年經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)率預(yù)計(jì)將下跌至1%。所有這一切使消費(fèi)者和企業(yè)信心降到了與統(tǒng)一大市場(chǎng)推出前“歐洲悲觀主義”盛行時(shí)代相當(dāng)?shù)牡退?。Both EC and independent analysts say that business anticipated the economic benefits of the single market, so that much of the burst of economic activity in preparation for the new market has already occurred.歐共體內(nèi)觀察家的和獨(dú)立分析人士都指出，企業(yè)界早在統(tǒng)一市場(chǎng)正式推出前就看到了可能帶來(lái)的收益，因此大部分的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)效應(yīng)其實(shí)在統(tǒng)一市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)備階段就已發(fā)生。Business investment, which had been flat for the five years preceding the decision in 1985 to create the single market, soared to a 7 per cent annual growth rate from 1985-1990. GNP growth over the same five years averaged 3.5 per cent; mergers, joint ventures, and plant modernizations took off; and the moribund economies of new EC members, Spain and Portugal jumped with new life.企業(yè)投資在1985年決定創(chuàng)建統(tǒng)一市場(chǎng)前的五年時(shí)間一直沒有增長(zhǎng)，但1985年至1990年的歐洲企業(yè)投資年增長(zhǎng)率卻高達(dá)7。在同期間內(nèi)，歐共體國(guó)民生產(chǎn)總值年均增長(zhǎng)3. 5；企業(yè)兼并、合資企業(yè)和企業(yè)更新開始涌現(xiàn)；歐共體新成員以及西班牙和葡萄牙等本來(lái)增長(zhǎng)乏力的經(jīng)濟(jì)開始煥發(fā)新的活力。But beyond the short-term statistics, many analysts say the real revolution of “1992”Brussels shorthand for the single market projectis how it has changed the way Europe works and how it approaches business.但除了短期經(jīng)濟(jì)數(shù)據(jù)之外，許多分析人士指出“1992行動(dòng)” 歐共體官員對(duì)統(tǒng)一市場(chǎng)計(jì)劃的代名詞的真正革命性意義是改變了歐洲的工作方式和企業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)方式?！癆doption of the 1992 program led to national budget cuts, deregulation, privatizations, and a general cutback in the excess role of the state,” says Jaeques Pelkmans, a researcher at the center for European policy studies here and author of an upcoming book on “how 1992 changed European integration.”“1992行動(dòng)的落實(shí)推動(dòng)了各國(guó)預(yù)算削減、監(jiān)管放松、私有化進(jìn)程和政府行為削減，” 歐洲政策研究中心的研究員杰克佩爾克曼斯說(shuō)，他的專著1992如何改變歐洲一體化即將出版。Mr. Pelkmans is not among those who believe that the ECs single market is threatened by the doubt building over Europes continued integration. “1992 is a set of laws, and because of the mutual stakes no one would take a breach of those laws lightly,” he says.佩爾克曼斯不認(rèn)為目前對(duì)歐洲一體化進(jìn)程的質(zhì)疑會(huì)威脅統(tǒng)一市場(chǎng)的運(yùn)行。“1992行動(dòng)是一系列的法律，由于各方利益高度相關(guān)，因此沒有人會(huì)輕易去破壞這些法律，”他說(shuō)。But he also acknowledges that further progress opened up by 1992 will be more difficult because the strong leadership that existed across the EC as the single market was being implemented is no longer present.但是他也承認(rèn)由1992之后的歐洲一體化進(jìn)程將會(huì)變得更加困難，因?yàn)樵?jīng)在統(tǒng)一市場(chǎng)推出過(guò)程中發(fā)揮巨大作用的政府推動(dòng)效力已經(jīng)不復(fù)存在“Leaders five years ago had the courage and the political strength to take some very difficult decisions, but today thats no longer the cast,” he says. “Everyone is politically weak back home, which leads to fighting instead of compromise over Europe.”“五年前的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者們有勇氣和政治力量做出一些艱難決策，但如今他們都已經(jīng)不在位置，”他說(shuō)道，“現(xiàn)在各國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人在本國(guó)政治影響力都相對(duì)較小，這導(dǎo)致了整個(gè)歐洲層面紛爭(zhēng)不斷而難以達(dá)成妥協(xié)?！盤erissich agrees that the current weakness of European leadership is a problem, but he adds that the single market is now largely in the hands of all Europeans. “What the community has completed rather well is the legal framework, but it is not a blueprint for how the single market will actually work,” says Perissich. “They have to invent their own single market according to their tastes, imagination, and ambition,” he adds. “Thats not for us to say from here.”佩里西齊也認(rèn)為目前歐洲領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人軟弱是個(gè)問(wèn)題，但他補(bǔ)充說(shuō)如今的統(tǒng)一市場(chǎng)更取決于全體歐洲人民。“歐共體很好的完成了建立法律框架的任務(wù)，但框架并不是統(tǒng)一市場(chǎng)如何運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的具體指南，”佩里西齊說(shuō)，“歐洲各國(guó)人民要根據(jù)自己的品味、想象和抱負(fù)來(lái)設(shè)計(jì)自身的統(tǒng)一市場(chǎng)，這不是我們?cè)谶@里能說(shuō)了算的問(wèn)題?！?From The Christian Science Monitor. Dec.30,1992staff writer/ / 本報(bào)記者h(yuǎn)oliday fliers/ / 乘飛機(jī)外出度假的人big bang/ / 大爆炸dour/ duE/ a.抑郁的barrier-free market/ / 自由市場(chǎng)（無(wú)壁壘市場(chǎng)）unravel/ Qn5rAvl/ v.（口語(yǔ)）破壞（計(jì)劃）等strain/ 5strein/ n.緊張（情況）矛盾和爭(zhēng)斗languishing/ / a.衰落無(wú)力的；失去活力的glorified/ 5glR:rifaid/ a.使美化了的；吹噓sour/ 5sauE/ v.惡化；變壞referendum/ 5refE5rendEm/ n.（對(duì)立法機(jī)構(gòu)已通過(guò)或擬通過(guò)法案的）公民復(fù)決投票backlash/ 5bAklAF/ n.強(qiáng)烈抵制；集體反對(duì)evident/ 5evidEnt/ a.明顯的；明白的directive/ di5rektiv/ n.指令implement/ 5implimEnt/ v.實(shí)施；執(zhí)行；使生效justi