2005--2008專八真題 翻譯部分與答案.doc

20052008年專八真題 翻譯部分原題及答案 2005 年真題 Section A Chinese to English 一個人的生命究竟有多大意義，這有什么標(biāo)準可以衡量嗎？提出一個絕對的標(biāo)準當(dāng)然很困難；但是，大體上看一個人對待生命的態(tài)度是否嚴肅認真，看他對待勞動、工作等等的態(tài)度如何，也就不難對這個人的存在意義做出適當(dāng)?shù)墓烙嬃恕?古來一切有成就的人，都很嚴肅地對待自己的生命，當(dāng)他活著一天，總要盡量多勞動、多工作、多學(xué)習(xí)，不肯虛度年華，不讓時間白白地浪費掉。我國歷代的勞動人民及大政治家、大思想家等等都莫不如此。 參考譯文： How significant is a person s life? Is there any standard to measure it? It will be very difficult to put forward an absolute standard, but in general, the significance of one s existence can be estimated by how he treats his life, by what attitude he takes to work and what ways he chooses to live. From ancient times up to now, all the accomplished people treat their lives very seriously. They work and, learn as much as possible. They hate to spend the best of their lives in vain, they do not want to let their time slip by. All the laboring people, great statesmen and thinkers of our country at all ages treasure their time in this way. Section B English to Chinese It is simple enough to say that since books have classes fiction, biography, poetrywe should separate them and take from each what it is right that each should give us. Yet few people ask from books what books can give us. Most commonly we come to books with blurred and divided minds, asking of fiction that it shall be true, of poetry that it shall be false, of biography that it shall be flattering, of history that it shall enforce our own prejudices. If we could banish all such preconception when we read, that would be an admirable beginning. Do not dictate to your author. try to become him. Be his fellow worker and accomplice. If you hang back, and reserve and criticize at first, you are preventing yourself from getting the fullest possible value from what you read. But if you open your mind as widely as possible, then signs and hints of almost imperceptible finess, from the twist and turn of the first sentences, will bring you into the presence of a human being unlike any other. Steep yourself in this, acquaint yourself with this, and soon you will find that your author is giving you, or attempting to give you, something far more definite. 參考譯文：然而幾乎沒有什么人會從書中提問：書能給我們什么。最為普遍的是，我們接觸書時懷有一種不甚清晰及與其相抵觸的想法：要求小說必須是真實的，要求詩歌必須是虛構(gòu)的，要求傳記必須是唱贊歌的，要求歷史必須能夠增強讀者原有的認識。我們讀書時若能驅(qū)逐所有這些先入之見，讀書就會有一個良好的開端。不要規(guī)定作家做什么，要設(shè)法使自己變成他，變成他的合作者，他的同伙。如果你讀書伊始就猶豫不決，持保留態(tài)度，或者要進行批評，你就不能從閱讀中得到最大益處。如果你能盡量打開思路，那么極細微的美質(zhì)符號和暗示都會從曲折婉轉(zhuǎn)的語句中顯現(xiàn)出來，把你引到一個與眾不同的人面前。 2006年真題Section A Chinese to English中國民族自古以來從不把人看作高于一切，在哲學(xué)文藝方面的表現(xiàn)都反映出人在自然界中與萬物占著一個比例較為恰當(dāng)?shù)牡匚?，而非絕對統(tǒng)治萬物的主宰。因此我們的苦悶，基本上比西方人為少為?。灰驗榭鄲灥膹娙踉请S欲望與野心的大小而轉(zhuǎn)移的。農(nóng)業(yè)社會的人比工業(yè)社會的人享受差得多，因此欲望也小得多。況中國古代素來以不滯于物，不為物役為最主要的人生哲學(xué)。并非我們沒有守財奴，但比起莫里哀與巴爾扎克筆下的守財奴與野心家來，就小巫見大巫了。中國民族多數(shù)是性情中正和平、淡泊、樸實，比西方人容易滿足。參考譯文Since ancient times the Chinese nationalities have never considered human beings to be superior to every other species. As is reflected in Chinese philosophy, literature and art, in the natural world human beings occupy a positioning proportion to all other creatures and the former do not absolutely dominate the latter. Therefore, generally speaking, we Chinese feel depressed less often and less severely than people in the west, for the intensity of ones depression literally changes along with the magnitude of ones desire and ambition. As people in an agricultural society enjoy much fewer comforts than those in an industrial society, they have fewer desires or wishes. Besides, ancient Chinese always took it as their most fundamental philosophy of life that one should not merely be confined to material pursuits, or be kept in bondage by material things. It is quite true that there are misers in China. But Chinese misers prove less miserly and less ambitious when they are compared with those misers and careerists described by Moliai and Balzac. Being very mild-tempered, most of the ethnic groups in China live a simple life without worldly desires. In comparison with western people, the Chinese people are easily satisfied. Section B English to Chinese I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat. We have before us an ordeal of the most grievous kind. We have before us many, many months of struggle and suffering.You ask, what is our policy? I say it is to wage war by land, sea and air. War with all our might and with all the strength God has given us, and to wage war against a monstrous tyranny never surpassed in the dark and lamentable catalogue of human crime. That is our policy.You ask, what is our aim? I can answer in one word, It is victory. Victory at all costs-victory in spite of all terrors-victory, however long and hard the road may be, for without victory there is no survival.Let that be realized. No survival for the British Empire, no survival for all that the British Empire has stood for, no survival for the urge, the impulse of the ages, that mankind shall move forward toward his goal.參考譯文 除了苦干、流汗、流淚、甚至流血，我別無所能。我們所面對的是一種最痛苦的磨難，是歷時數(shù)月之久的斗爭和苦難。你們會問， 我們的對策是什么？我認為是從地面，海上和空中發(fā)動的一場戰(zhàn)爭，一場竭盡我們所能，竭盡上帝所賜予我們的全部力量的戰(zhàn)爭，一場與人類罪行簿上所記載的最黑暗，最悲哀的惡魔暴政相抗?fàn)幍膽?zhàn)爭。你們還會問， 我們的目的是什么？我可以用一個詞來回答，那就是勝利，付出任何代價的勝利，不顧任何恐怖的勝利。沒有勝利就沒有生存。我們必須意識到這一點：沒有勝利，就沒有大英帝國的存在， 就沒有大英帝國所代表的一切的存在， 就沒有愿望的存在， 就沒有時代理想的存在， 就沒有朝著人類目標(biāo)的邁進。 2007年真題 Section A: Chinese to English 暮色中，河灣里落滿云霞，與天際的顏色混合一起，分不清哪是流云哪是水灣。也就在這一幅絢爛的圖畫旁邊，在河灣之畔，一群羊正在低頭覓食。它們幾乎沒有一個顧得上抬起頭來，看一眼這美麗的黃昏。也許它們要抓緊時間，在即將回家的最后一刻再次咀嚼。這是黃河灘上的一幕。牧羊人不見了，他不知在何處歇息。只有這些美生靈自由自在地享受著這個黃昏。這兒水草肥美，讓它們長得肥滾滾的，像些胖娃娃。如果走近了，會發(fā)現(xiàn)它們那可愛的神情，潔白的牙齒，那豐富而單純的表情。如果稍稍長久一點端詳這張張面龐，還會生出無限的憐憫。參考譯文：Beside this picture with profusions of colors, a group of sheep are lowing their heads, eating by the river bank. Hardly none of them would spare some time to raise their eyes to have a glance at the beautiful dusk. They are, perhaps, taking use of every minute to enjoy their last chew before being driven home. This is a picture of the Yellow River bank, in which the shepherd disappears, and no one knows where he is resting himself. Only the sheep, however, as free creatures, are joyfullyappreciating the dusk. The exuberant water plants have nutrited the sheep, making them grow as fat as balls. When approaching near, you would find their lily-white teeth and a variety of innocent facial impressions. Section B English to Chinese Good bye and good luck Scientific and technological advances are enabling us to comprehend the furthest reaches of the cosmos, the most basic constituents of matter, and the miracle of life. At the same time, today, the actions, and inaction, of human beings imperil not only life on the planet, but the very life of the planet.Globalization is making the world smaller, faster and richer. Still, 9/11, avian flu, and Iran remind us that a smaller, faster world is not necessarily a safer world.Our world is bursting with knowledge - but desperately in need of wisdom. Now, when sound bites are getting shorter, when instant messages crowd out essays, and when individual lives grow more frenzied, college graduates capable of deep reflection are what our world needs. For all these reasons I believed - and I believe even more strongly today - in the unique and irreplaceable mission of universities. 參考譯文：科技進步正在使我們能夠探索宇宙的邊陲、物質(zhì)最基本的成分及生命的奇跡。與此同時，今天，人類所做的及沒能做到的事情，不僅危害到這個星球上的生命，也危害到該星球的壽命。 全球化正在使地球變得愈來愈小、愈來愈快和愈來愈富有。盡管如此，9/11、禽流感及伊朗提醒我們，更小更快的世界決不意味著其更安全。 我們正處于一個知識爆炸的世界之中，不過，迫切需要智慧?，F(xiàn)在，在（新聞采訪的）原聲摘要播出變得愈來愈短，即時信息淘汰了雜記文章，個人生活變得如癡如狂之際，這個世界還是需要能夠深思的大學(xué)生?？紤]到這些理由，我過去信仰，而今天甚至更加強烈地信仰大學(xué)獨特的、無可取代的使命。2008年真題 Section A: Chinese to English都市寸土千金，地價炒得越來越高。今后將更高。擁有一個小小花園的希望，對尋常之輩不啻是一種奢望，一種夢想。我想，其實誰都有一個小小花園，這便是我們的內(nèi)心世界。人的智力需要開發(fā)，人的內(nèi)心世界也是需要開發(fā)的。人和動物的區(qū)別，除了眾所周知的諸多方面，恐怕還在于人有內(nèi)心世界。心不過是人的一個重要臟器，而內(nèi)心世界是一種景觀，它是由外部世界不斷地作用于內(nèi)心漸漸形成的。每個人都無比關(guān)注自己及至親至愛之人心臟的健損，以至于稍有微疾便惶惶不可終日。但并非每個人都關(guān)注自己及至親至愛之人的內(nèi)心世界的陰晴。本文選自英文報Shanghai Daily 翻譯大獎賽 第11期 （07年8月）/prize.asp中文作者：梁曉聲 標(biāo)題：心靈的花園參考譯文（附評語）(英美者 http:/www.E 英語專業(yè)網(wǎng)站) Spiritual GardenI think everyone, in effect, has a small garden or a flower bed of his own, namely, our inner world. There is a need for human beings to tap into their own intelligence, as is the case with their inner world. What distinguishes between human beings and animals, apart from the various aspects which are universally known, may probably be in that human beings have an inner world. Heart is no more than an important organ whereas the inner world constitutes a landscape, which gradually takes its shape under the continuous influence from the outside world. So great is the importance that everyone attaches to the physical condition of his own heart or those of his closest and dearest ones, that merely a minor disease would enduringly weign on his mind. 評語（Remarks）:譯文大部分用詞比較準確、恰當(dāng)，句子結(jié)構(gòu)也較嚴謹，整個篇章的前后照應(yīng)、承接處理的較為到位，符合英文的行文表達習(xí)慣。從一些譯得較出色的句子來看，譯者具有相當(dāng)程度的英語語言素養(yǎng)。下面的句子譯得令人拍手稱好，每個人都無比關(guān)注自己及至親至愛之人心臟的健損，以至于稍有微疾便惶惶不可終日。，So great is the importance that everyone attaches to the physical condition of his own heart or those of his closest and dearest ones, that merely a minor disease would enduringly weign on his mind. 這個句子用了倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，但整個句子較上一句要復(fù)雜，處理難度要大一些，可譯者還是把整個句子處理得叫貼切。在選詞用字方面，如惶惶不可終日enduringly weign on his mind，也非常適當(dāng)。但是譯文也存在一些瑕疵。如人的智力需要開發(fā)，人的內(nèi)心世界也是需要開發(fā)的。譯為There is a need for human beings to tap into their own intelligence, as is the case with their inner world.譯文把句子的重心放在原文的前半部，其實重心應(yīng)該在后半部。此句似應(yīng)譯為，Just as there is a need for human beings to tap into their own intelligence, so is the case with their inner world. (上海大學(xué) 張強副教授)SECTION B English to ChineseBut, as has been true in many other cases, when they were at last married, the most ideal of situations was found to have been changed to the most practical. Instead of having shared their original duties, and as school-boys would say, going halves, they discovered that the cares of life had been doubled. This led to some distressing moments for both our friends; they