全面小升初英語語法點總結及練習.doc

小升初英語語法總結及練習小升初語法名詞2名詞練習題3能力測試卷 （名詞）4小升初語法代詞5代詞練習題7能力測試卷 （代詞）8小升初語法數詞和冠詞9冠詞和數詞專項練習11能力測試卷（冠詞和數詞）12小升初語法動詞13動詞練習題14能力測試題（動詞）15小升初語法一般將來時16一般將來時練習題17能力測試題（一般將來時）18小升初語法一般過去時19一般過去時練習題20能力測試（一般過去時）21小升初語法一般現在時態(tài)22一、一般現在時的定義22二、一般現在時的結構22一般現在時態(tài)專項練習24能力測試卷 （一般現在時）25小升初語法現在進行時態(tài)26能力測試卷（現在進行時態(tài)）30小升初語法句型之肯定句和否定句31疑問句專項練習34小升初語法句型之祈使句35小升初語法句型there be與havehas 句型37句型專項練習題38小學階段不規(guī)則動詞全表44動詞四種形式變化規(guī)則匯總表45小升初語法名詞1、 名詞復數規(guī)則1一般情況下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2以s. x. sh. ch結尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3.以“輔音字母+y”結尾，變y為i, 再加-es， 如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries 以“元音字母+y”結尾，直接加s，如：boy - boys ，day - days4. 以“f或fe”結尾，變f或fe為v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives5. 以o結尾的單詞：a, 有生命的+es b, 無生命+s 如：potato-potatoes ； hero-heroes；mango-mangoes photo-photos ; radio - radios ; video - videos6. 不規(guī)則名詞復數：51man-menwoman-womenpoliceman-policemenmouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feettooth-teethfish-fishpeople-peopleChinese-ChineseJapanese-Japanesedeer - deersheep-sheeppolicewoman-policewomen二、名詞所有格的構成法 1. 主要是在詞尾加 s 構成。如: This is Toms desk . 這是湯姆的書桌。 That is Mikes book. 那是邁克的書。 2. 如果原名詞已經有復數詞尾s ,則僅加一個 . 如:the teachers reading room 教師閱覽室the pupils pencil-boxes 學生們的文具盒3. 如果原詞是復數形式，但不是以s 結尾， 變?yōu)樗懈裥问叫柙诤竺婕由?s 。如： the childrens palace 少年宮 mens room 男廁所*名詞所有格口訣：名詞所有格，s前面加一撇，復數s放在尾，后加一撇就完結，兩人共有算一個，后面只加一個撇。名詞練習題一、 寫出下列名詞的復數形式1.computer _ 2.apple _ 3.city _4.house _ 5.sheep _ 6.watch _7.tomato _ 8.child _ 9.tooth _10.foot _ 11.wife _ 12.potato _13.play _ 14.day _ 15.glass_16.radio _ 17.zoo _ 18. life _19. story _ 20.leaf _ 21. baby _22.dress _ 23.butterfly _ 24. deer _25.class _ 26.brush _ 27.key _28. English _29.mouse _ 30. man _二、漢譯英1Tom的足球 _ 2.老師們的自行車_3學生們的課桌 _ 4.哥哥的文具盒_5姑姑的卡片 _ 6.猴子們的香蕉_7螞蟻們的早餐 _ 8.媽媽的包_9姐姐的連衣裙_ 10女孩們的蘋果_三、把下列句子翻譯成英文1這些是Peter的籃球嗎？ _2這個是老師的鋼筆嗎？ _3有一些書在Sam的課桌上。_4有一些孩子們在教室里。_四、改錯 （圈出錯處,在橫線上改正過來）1.There are some butterflys on the table. _2.This is Alice dress. _3.I like tomato very much. _五、將下列句子變成復數形式。1.This dog is brown._2. There is a book and a pen on the table._3.That woman is a teacher._能力測試卷 （名詞）一、 將下列名詞變成復數形式。1. plane tree lesson month apple shirt 2. box bus brush watch class fox 3. knife life leaf Wife thief 4. day boy monkey baby country story 5. photo radio piano tomato hero potato6. child tooth English Sheep policeman Chinese 二、判斷正誤，并改正錯句，正確的打“ ”1. The house is my brother. _2. He has visited many country. _3. They are Englishs. _4. This is Tom red bike. _三、選擇填空1. There are two _ in the room. A. Chineses B. Englishman2. The old man will have _ out. A. two tooths B. two teeth3. _ are sold in this bookstore. A. Childrens books B. Children books4. Some friends of _ will come here. A. Johns B. John 5. Can you give me _?A. some papers B. a piece of paper6. There are _ on the floor.A. some box B. some boxes四、將下列句子變成復數形式。1. This sheep is white. _2. There is a desk and a chair in the room. _ 3. That man is a doctor. _小升初語法代詞一、人稱代詞人稱代詞即表示“你、我、他、你們、我們、他們”等的詞， 它的人稱、數和格的變化見下表： 數人稱主格賓格單數第一人稱Ime第二人稱youyou第三人稱hehimSheheritit復數第一人稱Weus第二人稱youyou第三人稱theythem主格與賓格：人稱代詞有主格和賓格兩種形式。主格主要用來做句子的主語；賓格主要用作賓語。人稱代詞主格用在句首作主語。She is sitting in a bus.她正坐在公共汽車上。人稱代詞賓格在動詞后作賓語。I saw her yesterday.我昨天看到她了。二、物主代詞物主代詞是表示所有關系的代詞，分為形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞。 人稱類別 第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱單數復數單數復數單數復數形容詞性myouryouryourhis,her,itstheir名詞性mineouryoursyourshis,hers,itstheirs名詞性物主代詞 = 形容詞性物主代詞 + 名詞 例，Whose coat is this? 這是誰的上衣?Its hers. 是她的。 hers= her coat*關于物主代詞的口訣：物主代詞很重要，譯成漢語都有“.的”，后面必須加上物，否則就要犯錯誤，my your his her its our their 不放過。形容詞性是基礎，除了我的“mine”外，其他詞尾“s”性形物代能力差，出門常把名詞加；名物代能力強，常來獨去又獨往。三、反身代詞反身代詞也叫“自身代詞”，表示“*自己”。數 人稱第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱單數myselfyourselfhimself, herself復數ourselvesyourselvesthemselvesI can do it by myself. 我自己能做這件事。*反身代詞的構成規(guī)律記憶口訣：反身代詞有規(guī)律，第三人稱賓格加，其余開頭用物主，復數-ves替-f主格Iyouhesheitthey賓格meyouhimheritthem形容詞性物主代詞myyourhisheritstheir名詞性物主代詞mineyours hishers itstheirs反身代詞myselfyourself / yourselveshimselfherselfitselfthemselves四、指示代詞This (這個)- these (這些) 指近處的事物That (那個)- these (那些) 指遠處的事物例，This is a book. 這是本書。 These are some books. 這些是書。 That is a car. 那是輛小汽車。 Those are some cars. 那些是小汽車。代詞練習題一、 根據題意，用所給詞的適當形式填空。1. Mary is a friend of _. ( I )2. This is _ ( she ) ruler. _ ( I ) is in the bag. 3. Her brother is too young to look after _ ( he )4. This is _ ( I ) book. This book is _ ( I ).5. These pens are _ ( we ).二、填寫下列表格。人稱代詞我我們你，你們他她它他們主 格賓 格形容詞物主代詞名詞性物主代詞反身代詞三、改寫下列句子Eg, This is my book. - The book is mine.1. That is her ruler. _2. These are their footballs. _3. This is my backpack . _4. Those are your boxes. _四、把下列句子改寫成復數。1. This is a butterfly. _2. That is a bus. _3. It is a mouse. _五、改錯。1.This is mine lamp. _2.These are ours books. _3. That are their teacher. _4.The house is my brother. _5. He has visited many country. _6. They are Chineses. _7. This is Tom red bike. _能力測試卷 （代詞）一、 幫下面的好朋友團圓 （連線） I 她its 我們her 他（她，它）們we 我they 你的their 他（她，它）們your 她的she 它的二、填空1Shes a teacher . This is _ bag.2. Hes a driver. This is _ taxi.3. I am a boy . _ name is Peter.4. -Whats _ name? - My name is Tony.5. Its my puppy. _ name is Mimi.三、選擇( ) 1.Your book is not so old as _. A. him B. he C. his D. she( ) 2. _ book is it ? Its _. A. Whoseher B. Whose hers C. Whohers D. Whom her( ) 3. He is a friend of _.A. our B. us C. my D. mine四、改錯1. I, you and he are all teachers. _2. This is mine teddy bear. _3. These are ours bags._4. These is their teachers.小升初語法數詞和冠詞一、數詞表示數目和順序的詞叫數詞。數詞又分基數詞和序數詞，基數詞表示數量，序數詞表示順序。1 最基本的基數詞如下表所示：1101119201001 one11 eleven20 twenty2 two12 twelve30 thirty3 three13 thirteen40 forty4 four14 fourteen50 fifty5 five15 fifteen60 sixty6 six16 sixteen70 seventy7 seven17 seventeen80 eighty8 eight18 eighteen90 ninety9 nine19 nineteen100 one hundred10 ten *基數詞的寫法 ：2199的兩位數，十位與個位之間用連字符“-”。例：21 twenty - one 32 thirty - two 99 ninety nine百位數：個位數基數詞形式加“hundred”，表示幾百，在幾十幾與百位間加上and。例：101 a hundred and one. 320 three hundred and twenty 648 six hundred and forty-eight2序數詞的構成1）一般來說，是由相應的基數詞加詞尾th構成。例， four+ th- fourth six + th - sixth seven + th - seventh ten + th - tenth2）下面這些基數詞在變?yōu)樾驍翟~時，有特殊的變化。例， one - first two - second three - third five- fifth eight - eighth nine - ninth twelve - twelfth3）十位整數序數詞的構成方法是將基數詞的詞y 變成i，然后在加eth.例， twenty - twentieth thirty - thirtieth forty - fortieth ninety - ninetieth1） 兩位或兩位以上的基數詞變?yōu)樾驍翟~時，僅將個位數變成序數詞。例，twenty one - twenty- first thirty-five -thirty-fiftha hundred and fifty-three - a hundred and fifty- third *基數詞變序數詞的口訣：基變序，有規(guī)律；詞尾加上th（fourth, sixth）一、二、三，單獨記；結尾字母t, d, d；（first，second，third）八去t,九去e,（eighth，ninth）；ve要用f替；（fifth，twelfth）整十基數變序數，ty將y變成i ; th 前面有個e；要是遇到幾十幾，前用基來后用序。二、冠詞 冠詞分不定冠詞和定冠詞兩種。 a或an是不定冠詞，the是定冠詞。a用在輔音音素之前，如 a desk, a tree ; an 用在元音因素之前，如 an apple, an hour, an English book.1. 不定冠詞（a,an）指人或事物的某一種類，表示“一個”，但不強調數量。She is a teacher. Thats an orange. 2. 定冠詞 the，是特指某（些）人、某（些）物，或指說話人與聽話人彼此知道的人或物，或者是在上文提到過的人和事。This is a bus. The bus is big.3. 不用冠詞的情況：1） 專有名詞，物質名詞，抽象名詞前一般不用冠詞。如， Chinese, English, Jim等。2） 名詞前已經有this, that, my, your等詞時，就不再用冠詞了。如，that mouse (那只老鼠) 3) 一些固定詞組前不用定冠詞。如， at home 在家 go to school 去上學*定冠詞the的用法記憶口訣：特指、重提和唯一，島嶼、海峽和海灣；海洋、黨派、最高級，沙漠、河流與群山；方位、順序和樂器，年代、團體與機關；船名、建筑和組織，會議、條約與報刊；姓氏復數、國全名，記住定冠the加在前。*零冠詞用法口訣：月份、星期、節(jié)假洲，呼語、頭銜職務前；三餐、球類、慣用語，學科、棋類名詞前。冠詞和數詞專項練習一、在空白處填上適當的冠詞，不需要的填“/”。1) at _home 2) go to_ bed 3) go to _school 4) catch _ bad cold 5) have _ good time 6) _red apple 7)_ English book 8) _ spoon 9)_ orange 10) _melon 11) _ eraser二、選擇填空1.There is _ “m” in the word “primary”A. an B.a C.the D./2.This is _ orange bike .A.a B.an C.the D/3.It always takes us half _ hour to have _ long walk after supper .A.a,a B,a ,the C.an , a D.an , the 4.English is _ useful language in _ world .A.an , the B.a , the C.the , / D./ , the 5.We are going to _ cinema this evening .A.the B./ C/a D.an 6.Hes standing on _ other side of _ river .A.a , a B.the , the C.the , a D.a , the 7._ potato is a vegetable , not _ fruit .A.The , an B.The , a C.A, the D.An, / 8.He was _ first to come .A.The B.a C.the D./9.Do you see _ book on _ table ?A.the , a B.a, an C.an , an D.a , the 10.Wheres _ desk ? Its in _ middle of the room .A./ , / B./ , a C.a , / D.the , the 11.He is _ friend of mine .A.an B./ C.the D.a 12.There is _ university near the farm .A.a B.an C.the D./13.He died in _ autumn of 1989 .A./ B.the C.a D.an 14.I have _ book . I t s _ interesting one . I like reading _ books very much .A.a, an ,/ B.a , / , the C.an , an , the D./ , an , / 15.Today is _ Childrens Day .A.a B.an C.the D/ 四、用代詞填空:1._ , _ and _ are all good friends .A.We , you , they B.You , they , we C.We , they , you D.They , you , we 2._ classroom is big , but _ is much bigger than _ .A.We , they , us B.Our , their , our C.Our , theirs , ours D.Our , theirs , we 3.She lost _ pen . Will you lend her _ ?A.her , yours B.his , your C.hers , you D.their , yourself 4. “What are you doing ?” “I am looking at _ in the mirror ?”A.me B.myself C.itself D.himself 能力測試卷（冠詞和數詞）一、 寫出相鄰的數詞1. twenty 2. five 3. twelve 4. fifty-eight 5. ninety 6. seventy 7. thirty-eight 8. one hundred 9. one thousand 10. one 二、選擇正確答案1.There are days in a year.A. three hundreds sixty-five B. three hundreds and sixty-fiveC. three hundred and sixty-five D. three hundred and sixty five2.There are students in this school.A. eight hundreds and forty-six B. eight hundred and forty sixC. eight hundred and forty-six D. eight hundred forty-six3.My brother is in .A. Three Class, One Grade B. Class Three, Grade OneC. Grade One, Class Three D. class three, grade one4.He was doing some washing .A. at eight yesterday morning B. yesterday morning eightC. yesterday morning at eight D. by eight yesterday morning5.There are months in a year. December is the month of the year.A. twelve; twelve B. twelve; twelfth C. twelfth; twelve D. twelve; twelveth6.Sunday is the day of the week.A. seventh B. first C. second D. third7.Autumn is season in a year.A. the fourth B. the third C. a third D. third8.Tom was to get to school and I was .A. first; ninth B. the first; the ninth C. a first; a ninth D. the second; the ninth9.Whats the date today? Its .A. Friday B. time to go C. cloudy D. June 4th10.Monday is the second day, and .A. Tuesday is the fourth B. Thursday is the fifthC. the second is Tuesday D. the second is Thursday小升初語法動詞定義：動詞表示人或事物的動作或狀態(tài)。動詞可分為以下四類分類例子否定形式實義動詞run, look, cook, eat.dont +動詞原形doesnt + 動詞原形系動詞be動詞（am, is ,are,was,were）be + not助動詞do / does / did 用于一般疑問句和否定句情態(tài)動詞can，will, should ,could ,may.直接加not變否定1) 動詞的基本形式：絕大多數動詞都有五種基本形式：動詞原形、一般現在時第三人稱單數、現在分詞、過去式和過去分詞。（小學階段主要見四種形式）原形中文三單現在分詞過去式go去，走goesgoingwenteat吃eatseatingatehave有，吃hashavinghadcook煮，做cookscookingcooked等等動詞練習題一寫出下列動詞的第三人稱單數、現在分詞和過去式。如：look - looks - looking- lookeddrink_ _ _ stay _ _ _make _ _ _teach_ _ _ride _ _ _have_ _ _pass_ _ _carry _ _ _come_ _ _watch_ _ _plant_ _ _fly_ _ _study_ _ _brush_ _ _read_ _ _run _ _ _write_ _ _swim_ _ _get_ _ _say_ _ _take _ _ _see_ _ _begin_ _ _dance_ _ _二.用所給詞的正確形式填空。1. Let me _ (help) you find your purse.2. Would you like_(buy) things for New Years Day?3. I like _( make) kites.4. He can_ (skate) better than ME.5. You must _( listen) to your teacher in class.6. They enjoy_(play) basketball.7. She wants_(watch) cartoons.三，選擇題1. _Alice often play the piano. No, she _.A. Do; do B. Does; does C. Does; doesnt 2. Danny _ breakfast five times last week. A. ate B. eat C. eated 3. Im going to _ some chopsticks _ Sunday afternoon. A. bought; on B. buy; on C. buy; in 4. Is he _ TV？Yes, he is. A. watch B. watching C. not5. Sandy often _ his homework on Sundays .A. do B. does C. did 6. What do you usually do on your holiday?A. Sing and dance B. Saw elephants C.Took picture 7. Its 10 oclock. Ben _ TV in the bedroom. A. is watching B. watch C. watches 8. I cant find my pen. Let me _.A. go and ask her B. go and ask hers C. go and ask she 9. Lily is a good student. She _maths. A. does good at B. well do it C. is good at能力測試題（動詞）一. 用be 動詞的適當形式填空1. _ your father a worker Yes, he _.2.They _ in the classroom3.Where _ my books4.These _her pears.5.How much _the T-shirt?6.How much _ the socks?7.Someone _ in the room.8.You can _ in our school music club.9.Lets _friends.10.He and I _friends.二劃出每句中正確的詞1.(Is/Are)his eraser on the sofa?2.(Do/Does)Mary have a clock?3.(Are/Do)they want to see a movie?4.(Is/Can)she play the violin