國際音標(biāo)發(fā)音規(guī)則大全.doc

國際音標(biāo)發(fā)音規(guī)則大全一、26個英文字母及發(fā)音音標(biāo)如下: A a ei B b bi: C c si: D d di: E e i: F f ef G g di: H h eitI i ai J j dei K k kei L l el M m em N n en O o P p pi: Q q kju: R r : S s es T t ti: U u ju: V v vi: W w dblju:X x eks Y y wai Z z zi: / zed二、以上我們可以看出,英語字母中有一些含有共同的元音音素.如: 1)含元音音素ei 字母: Aa Hh Jj Kk 音標(biāo): ei eit dei kei 2) 含元音音素i: 字母: Bb Cc Dd Ee Gg Pp Tt Vv 音標(biāo): bi: si: di: i: di: pi: ti: vi: 3) 含元音音素e 字母: Ff Ll Mm Nn Ss Xx Zz 音標(biāo): ef el em en es eks zed 4) 含元音字母Uu或元音音素u: 字母: Uu Qq Ww 音標(biāo): ju: kju: dblju:5) 含元音音素ai 字母: Ii Yy 音標(biāo): ai wai6) Dont forget Oo / and Rr/:/三、區(qū)別元音字母Aa,Ee,Ii,Oo,Uu與元音二十個音素。不定冠詞a放在輔音開頭的詞前；an放在元音開頭的詞前。大多數(shù)元音字母開頭的詞，一般發(fā)元音，但有些就不是，如字母Uu, 單詞useful, university, European等。一般輔音字母開頭的詞發(fā)輔音，但有些就不是，如hour, honest這兩個單詞中h都不發(fā)音。如：1) an Aa / Ee / Ii / Oo, an Ll / Ss / Xx / Rr an orange/apple/egg/ English teacher/ eraser / ID card/ 11-year-old boy；an hour a 一小時，an honest man一個誠實的人（這兒的h不發(fā)音）an 8-year-old boy 一位八歲的男孩 an egg an eraser2) a Uu/ Bb / Pp a useful jU:sfulbook一本有用的書（這兒u第一個音發(fā)/ j/）a universityju:nv:st 一座大學(xué) a Europeanju:rpn man 一位歐州人如：There is an “r” and a “u”in the word “ruler”.He is an English teacher. Hell be back in half an hour. I eat an apple and a pear every day.四、英語國際音標(biāo)表（48個） 元音 (20個) 單元音(12個)長元音i:u:a: 短元音iue 雙元音(8個)aieiiiuau輔音(28個)10對(20個)清輔音ptkfs trts濁輔音bdgvz ddrdz鼻音(3個)mn似拼音(3個)hrl半元音(2個)wj前元音/i:/e/后元音/:/:/U:/中元音/ /:/雙元音/e/a/a/e/爆破音/p/b/ t/d/ k/g/摩擦音/f/v/s/z/ r/ h/破擦音/ts/dz/tr/dr/t/d/鼻輔音/m/n/舌側(cè)音/ /半元音/ j/ w/五、國際音標(biāo)和英語字母在書寫方面的聯(lián)系從音標(biāo)到字母和字母組合、單元音： i: e:he she me we these Chinese Japaneseea:tea eat meat sea ee:see tree meet green teenei:receive ey:key i:police policeman policewoman machineeo:peopleie:piece field believe thief: a:orange cabbageay:Sunday holidaye:begin English pretty cinema ey:monkey volleyballi:it is in big thisy:city very sorryu:busyui:build building ai:captain mountain certainlye: a:any many anyone anything anybody anywhereai:said paiday:says e:pen bed yes egg deskea:bread head breakfastu:bury:a:bag am and at sad happy handsome:a:class banana father afteral:half palm calmar:car far park arm star partyau:aunt laughear:heart : o: come none love other mother another some money honeyoo:blood floodou:touch country enough young u:bus sun but cut up us mutton:ear:learn earth early hearder:her term ir:first girl bird skirt sir thirdor在/ w/后:work word world worse worstur:nurse turn hurt Thursdayyr:myrtle our:journalist journal:a:along about banana Canada Chinae:student open children different differentlyi:holiday Aprilo:today welcome policeu:minus autumner:father mother brother sister player singer winner meteror:doctor forget mirror color visitor actor ar:sugar grammarre:metre tired fireou:delicious previousur:surprise Saturdayour:colour ure:picture pleasure nature future temperatureoar:cupboard yr:martyr satyru:ew:flew grew review blew threwo:do to who whose whomoo:too zoo food pool boot schoolou:soup group throughu:blue glue Juneui:fruit juiceoe:shoe :o:woman wolfoo:book look good footoul:could would shouldu:put sugar full push:(w)a:want wash watch whato:hot on not sorry dogou:cough au:Australia:(w)a:wateral:all ball call fall hall mall small talk tall wall walk(w)ar:warm quarter warau:August autumn daughter caught taughtaw:draw saw lawoor:door floorore:more before or:or for short sportou:bought brought thought foughtour:four yourawe:awe awed awelessoar:board blackboard cupboard keyboardo:story、雙元音：a:i:time like nice fine five writey:my by whyi(g):sign high light right ie:die lie tie(5)ei: heighte:a:name cake game face placeai:rain train wait straightay: day may okay play today yesterdayei:veil veinei(gh):eight eighteen eightyey:theyea:great break:e:zero cereal seriousea:real really idea cerealere:here ear:ear dear hear near cleareer:beer deer pioneer:o:go no nose homeow:show know yellow windowoa:goat boat coatou:shoulder though althoughoe:woe:ure:sure oor:poor our:tour tourista:ou:out about house blouse mouse mouthow:how now cow bowe:air:air hair chair fair unfairare:care hare parent careful carefullyear:pear wear bearere:there whereeir:their theirsa:Mary:oi:oil toilet boil soil joinoy:boy toy employee、輔音：清濁成對輔音：p-b t-d k-g f-v s-z - - ts-dz t-d tr-dr清音濁化：清輔音p t k tr等在s后重讀時由送氣音變?yōu)椴凰蜌庖簦窗l(fā)其濁輔音b d g dr，但音標(biāo)仍寫成清輔音。如：sportsp:t，studentstju:dnt， skyska, streetstri:t。但弱讀時s后的清輔音仍讀請輔音，不讀相對的濁輔音。如：hostesshsts。p:p:pen map help cheap pencil paperpp:apple happy appearb:b:bag by bed boy bus bluebb:rabbit cabbaget:t:ten time not get tablett:bottle bottom little prettyed:watched washed cooked helped danceddressed laughedd:d:desk door day dog dd:add daddy middleed:played cleaned climbed answered arrived called studied emptied enjoyed criedk:c:cat come cut clock cry picture bloccc: occasion according occupy acclaim ch:school Christmas chemistry technology stomachk:book bike cake kite Kate lookck:black duck clock jacket cockq:Iraq coq que:unique techniqueg:g:go girl big getgg:egg bigger biggestgu:guess guestgue:dialogue gh:ghyll ghostf:f:five fish fine family fifteenph:photo phone elephant photograph physicsgh:laugh enoughff:off coffeev:v:very five havef:ofs:c:nice city cycle bicycle s:sit six some bus use us desk booksss:miss class glass grasssc:science scientist sceneps:psalm psywarz:s:is his please music lose husband appleses:leaves thieves knives wives cities countriesz:zoo zerozz:buzz:th:three thank month thin math:th:this the with than clothes clothing the:breathe soythe:sh:she shoe short shop washs:sure Asiac: special sufficient delicioust:station national patient collectionss:Russia professionch:machine:s:usually television pleasurez:seizurege:garagets:ts:shirts hurts coats costs goats itsts:Lets its thats whatstes:kites gates dateszz:pizzadz:ds:beds birds hands friendsdes:decidest:ch:chair much lunch Chinatch:watch catch matcht: picture question future natural nature d:g(e):age page huge orangeg:gentle gentleman generaldge:bridge porridge judgej:jump jacket just June Jim Julych:sandwichtr:tr:tree trip try true truth trulydr:dr:dress drive hundred children 、單個輔音：h:h:he her have hand head hair(w)h:who whom whosewholel:l:let look please lake people untilll:tell full till bell(t)l(e):whistler:r:red right threerr:sorry worry hurry carry carrot(w)r:write wrongm:m:man meat meet timemm:common communicatem(b):climb lambm(n):autumn n:n:name nice nine near under(k)n:know knifenn:Ann(m)n:mnemonics:ng:sing long young morningn(k):thank think ink pinkn(g):Englishw:w:we window work walkw(h):what why where white whenj:y:yes you year yellowj:Jensen ja hallelujah jaapi:onion review million billion brilliant behaviore:Europe European 五、國際音標(biāo)和英語字母在讀音方面的聯(lián)系 從字母和字母組合到音標(biāo).元音字母a及a+其他字母的讀音a在重讀開音節(jié)中讀e：name cake game face a在重讀閉音節(jié)中讀：bag am and at sad a在輔音字母s,th,f,n,p,h前讀:：class fast grasp ask father after dance grapha在w后讀或:：want what waterw:ta在ny前讀e：any manya弱讀時讀：along about banana Canada Chinaa在非重讀音節(jié)中讀：orange cabbagea讀e：Maryai讀e：rain train waitai讀：captain ai讀e：saiday讀e：day may okay play todayay弱讀讀：Sunday holidayay讀e：saysair讀e：air hair chairal在多數(shù)輔音字母前讀:（f,m除外）：all ball call fall hall mall small talk tall wallal還讀:l（特別當(dāng)后面不是k,f,m時）：also saltal在輔音字母f,m前讀:：half palmar在重讀音節(jié)中讀:：:car far park arm starar在w后讀:：warm quarterar弱讀讀：sugarare讀e：care hare parentass在重讀音節(jié)中讀:s：class glass grass passau在重讀音節(jié)中讀:：August autumn daughterau讀：Australiaau還讀作:：aunt laughaw在重讀音節(jié)中讀:：draw saw lawawe讀:：awe awed aweless. 元音字母e及e+其他字母的讀音e在重讀開音節(jié)中讀i:：he she me wee在重讀閉音節(jié)中讀e：pen bed yes egg deske在非重讀音節(jié)中讀：begin English pretty cinemae弱讀讀：student open children differente讀：zero hero seriouse讀j：Europeea在重讀音節(jié)中讀i:：tea eat meatea讀e：bread head breakfastea讀e：great breakea讀：real really idea cerealear讀:：learn earth early heardear讀e：pear wear bearear讀：ear dear hear near clear nearly nearbyear讀:：hearted在大部分清輔音后讀t（t除外）：watched washed cooked helped danceded在元音和濁輔音后讀d(d除外)：played cleaned climbed answered arrived aired boiled emptied enjoyed crieded在td后讀d：wanted neededee在重讀音節(jié)中讀i:：see tree seeeer讀：beer deer pioneerei讀i:：receiveei讀e：veil veinei在gh前讀e：eight eighteen eightyeir讀e：their theirseo讀i:：peopleer在重讀閉音節(jié)中讀:：her termer在非重讀音節(jié)中讀：father mother brother sisterere讀：hereere讀e：there wherees在濁輔音（z d除外）及元音后，es發(fā)z：leaves thieves knives wivespotatoes tomatoes heroes Negroes goes does families storieses在sztd后讀z：buses blouses dishes garages watches orangesew讀ju:：new newspaper reviewew在l,r,j后讀u:：flew grew Jewex讀eks：exercise exitex讀ks：excle expensive extinctex讀gz：exam examination exactlyey讀i:：keyey讀：monkey valleyey讀e：they. 元音字母i及i+其他字母的讀音i在重讀開音節(jié)中讀a：time like ricei在重讀閉音節(jié)中讀：big six siti讀i:：police policeman policewoman machinei弱讀讀：holiday Aprili在非重讀音節(jié)中讀：taxii讀j：onion review million billion brilliant behaviori在元音字母a,e,o前讀a：dialogue quiet pioneeri在g前讀a：sign high light righti在nd前讀a：find behindi在ld前讀a：childi在re前讀a：fire tired retire ie在重讀音節(jié)中輔音字母前讀i:：piece field believe thiefie在重讀音節(jié)詞詞尾讀a：lie dieir在重讀音節(jié)中讀:：bird girl first.元音字母o及o+其他字母的讀音o在重讀開音節(jié)中讀：go no nose homeo在輔音字母st,ld前讀：post oldo在重讀閉音節(jié)中讀：hot on not sorryo讀:：storyo在輔音字母m,n,v和th前讀：come none love othero讀u:：do to whoo在w后讀：woman wolfo在非重讀音節(jié)中讀：today policemanoa在重讀音節(jié)中讀：boat coatoar讀:：board blackboard cardboardoar讀：cupboardoe讀：woeoe讀u:：shoeoi讀：oil toilet boil soiloo一般讀u:：too zoo food pool boot schooloo在d,k和少數(shù)t前讀：book look good footoo讀：blood floodoor讀:：door flooroor讀：pooror在重讀音節(jié)中讀:：or for short sportor在w后讀:：work word worldor讀：doctor forget mirrorore讀:：more beforeou在多數(shù)情況下讀a：out about house blouseou在ght前讀:：bought brought thoughtou讀：touch country enough youngou讀u:：soup group throughou讀：shoulder thoughou讀：coughou讀：delicious previousoul讀：could would shouldour讀:：four yourour讀:：journalist journalour讀：colourour讀：tourour讀a：our hourow讀a：how now cowow讀：show know yellow windowowe或ower讀a：towel floweroy讀：boy toy employee. 元音字母u及u+其他字母的讀音u在重讀開音節(jié)中讀ju:：student Tuesdayu在重讀閉音節(jié)中讀：bus sun but cut up usu處于開音節(jié)位置，又在輔音字母j,l,r,s后讀u:：June fluency February Sueu在重讀閉音節(jié)中還讀：put sugar full pushu在非重讀音節(jié)中讀：minus autumnu讀：busy minuteu讀e：buryui讀ju:或j,ju:：suit suicide l,r,j+ui時，ui讀作u:或,u:：sluise fruit juice fluid ruin ui讀：build buildingur在重讀音節(jié)中讀:：nurse turn hurt Thursdayur讀：surprise Saturdayure讀：sureure在非重讀音節(jié)中讀：picture pleasureure在重讀音節(jié)中讀j：cure.21個輔音字母及輔音字母組合的讀音b讀b：bag by bed boy bus bluebt,mb在詞尾時，b不發(fā)音：debt climb combbb讀b：rabbit cabbagec在字母e,i,y前讀s：nice city cyclec在字母a,o,u,l,r,t前或在音節(jié)末尾讀k：cat come cut clock cry picture blocc+ia,ie,io時，c讀：special sufficient deliciouscc+a,o,u或l時，cc讀k：occasion according occupy acclaimcc+e,i時，cc讀ks：accept accidentch讀t：chair much lunch Chinach讀k：school Christmas chemistry technique technology stomachch讀：machinech讀d：sandwichck讀k：black duck clock jacket cockd讀d：desk door day dogdd讀d：add daddy middledge讀d：bridge porridge judgedr讀dr：dress drive hundred childrends讀dz：beds birds hands friendsdes讀dz：decidesf讀f：five fish fine family fifteenf讀v：offf讀f：off coffeeften讀fn：ofteng讀g：go girl big getg在e前讀d：age page huge orangeg讀d：gentle gentleman generalgg讀g：egg bigger biggestge讀：garagegh在i,ei,ai,ou,au后不發(fā)音：right eight straight bought daughtergh讀f：laugh enoughgh在詞首時，讀g：ghyll ghostgn,gm在詞尾時，g常無聲：sign phlegmgu在詞首讀g：guessgu在詞中讀gw：languagegue在詞尾讀g：dialogueh讀h：he her have hand head hairh不發(fā)音：hourhonestwh讀w：what why where whitewh在o前讀h：who whom whosegh在詞首時，h不發(fā)音：ghyll ghostj讀d：jump jacket just June Jimj讀j：Jensen ja hallelujah jaapk讀k：book bike cake kite Kate lookkn在詞首時，k不發(fā)音：know knifel讀l：let look please lake peoplell讀l：tell full till bellm讀m：man meat meet timemb在詞尾時，讀m，b常無聲：climb combmm讀m：common mn在詞首讀n：mnemonicsmn在詞中時，讀mn：columnistmn在詞尾時，n常無聲：autumn columnn讀n：name nice nine near undern在kg前讀：pink Englishn在k后讀n：know knifen在m后讀n：mnemonicsnn讀n：Annng在詞尾讀：sing long young morningng在詞中讀g：English fingernk讀k：thank think ink pinkp讀p：pen map help cheap pencil paperpp讀p：apple happy appearph讀f：photo phone elephant photographps在詞首時，p常不發(fā)音：psalm psywarq讀k：Iraq coqqu在詞首讀kw：queen quickque在詞尾讀k：unique techni