主謂一致1_精品課件11.ppt

Subject VerbAgreement 主謂一致 Bothboystheirownhobbies TheclassbusyingwritingEnglishpassages NeitheryounorIwrong Canyoufindoutsomegrammarrules have are am Thegroup madeupofninestudents Thegroup dancinghappily is are 主謂一致 謂語動(dòng)詞在人稱和數(shù)上要和主語一致 語法一致 意義一致 就近一致 主謂一致 單數(shù)名詞單數(shù)代詞動(dòng)詞不定式短語謂單動(dòng)名詞短語從句主語為復(fù)數(shù)謂復(fù) 一 語法一致原則1 當(dāng)主語是 Examples Hisfatherworkingonthefarm TostudyEnglishwellnoteasy Whathesaidveryimportantforusall Thechildrenintheclassroomtwohoursago Readinginthesunbadforyoureyes is is is is were 2 由連接詞and或both and連接起來的合成主語后面 要用復(fù)數(shù)形式的謂語動(dòng)詞 如 LucyandLilytwins BothsheandheYoungPioneers are are 3 主語為單數(shù)名詞或代詞 盡管后面跟有with togetherwith except but like aswellas ratherthan morethan nolessthan besides including等引起的短語 謂語動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)形式 若主語為復(fù)數(shù) 謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式 1 Theteacherwithtwostudents atthemeeting was were 2 E mail aswellasthetelephones animportantpartindailycommunication A isplayingB haveplayedC areplayingD play was A 4 either neither each every或no 單數(shù)名詞和由some any no every構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞 都作單數(shù)看待 如 Eachofusanewbook have Everythingaroundusmatter has is 由each every no manya所修飾的名詞 即使用and連接作主語 謂語動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù) e g Eachmanandwoman thesamerights A hasB haveC hadD ishaving 注意 在口語中當(dāng)neither后跟有 of 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 或代詞 作主語時(shí) 其謂語動(dòng)詞也可用復(fù)數(shù) 如 Neitherofthetextsis are interesting 若noneof后面的名詞是不可數(shù)名詞 它的謂語動(dòng)詞就要用單數(shù) 若它后面的名詞是復(fù)數(shù) 它的謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)都可以 如 Noneofushas have beentoAmerica 1 Nothing be difficultintheworldifyousetyourmindtoit is 不定代詞everybodyeveryoneeverythinganyoneanybodyanythingsomeonesomebodysomethingnobodynoonenothingeachtheother等作主語時(shí) 謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù) 2 Everythingready be is 3 Someonetoseeyou want wants 5 在定語從句里 關(guān)系代詞that who which等作主語時(shí) 其謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與句中先行詞的數(shù)一致 如 Heisoneofmyfriendswhowasworkinghard Heistheonlyoneofmyfriendswhoisworkinghard 6 如果集體名詞指的是整個(gè)集體 它的謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù) 如果它指集體的成員 其謂語動(dòng)詞就用復(fù)數(shù)形式 這些詞有family class crowd committee population audience等 如 ClassFouronthethirdfloor ClassFourunabletoagreeuponamonitor 注意 people police cattle等名詞一般都用作復(fù)數(shù) 如 Thepolicelookingforthelostchild is are are 7 由 alotof lotsof plentyof therestof someof 名詞 構(gòu)成的短語以及由 分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù) 名詞 構(gòu)成的短語作主語 其謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要根據(jù)短語中后面名詞的數(shù)而定 如 Therealotofpeopleintheclassroom Therestofthelecturewonderful 注意 anumberof 許多 作定語修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞 謂語用復(fù)數(shù) thenumberof 的數(shù)量 主語是number 謂語用單數(shù) are is 8 在倒裝句中 謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與其后的主語一致 如 Therethebus come Onthewallmanypictures Suchtheresult comes are is 1 what who which any more all等代詞可以是單數(shù) 也可是復(fù)數(shù) 主要靠意思來決定 如 Whichyourbag Whichyourbags Allgoingwell 二 意義一致原則 is are is 2 表示 時(shí)間 重量 長度 價(jià)值 金錢 等的名詞的復(fù)數(shù)作主語時(shí) 謂語動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)形式 這是由于作主語的名詞在概念上是一個(gè)整體如 Thirtyminutesenoughforthework 3 由分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)或alotof lotsof halfof therestof someof mostof allof a partof 名詞作主語時(shí) 謂語動(dòng)詞的形式與of后面的名詞的數(shù)一致e g Lotsofdamage be causedbythefire Somestudentsareplantingtrees Therestofthem be wateringthem Ontheearthabout75 ofthesurface be coveredwithwater is was are is 4 表數(shù)量的短語 oneandahalf 后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí) 其謂語動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù)形式 也可用復(fù)數(shù) 如 Oneandahalfapplesleftonthetable 5 算式中表示數(shù)目 字 的主語通常作單數(shù)看待 其謂語動(dòng)詞采用單數(shù)形式 如 Twelvepluseighttwenty is are is 6 7 一些學(xué)科名詞是以 ics結(jié)尾 如 mathematics politics physics以及news works等 都屬于形式上是復(fù)數(shù)的名詞 實(shí)際意義為單數(shù)名詞 它們作主語時(shí) 其謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式 如 Thepaperworksbuiltin1990 Ithinkphysicseasytostudy was isn t 8 trousers glasses clothes shoes 等詞作主語時(shí) 謂語用復(fù)數(shù) 但如果這些名詞前有a the pairof等量詞修飾時(shí) 謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù) 如 Myglassesbroken Thepairofshoesunderthebedhis 9 定冠詞the 形容詞或分詞 表示某一類人時(shí) 動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù) are is 三 就近一致原則 1 當(dāng)兩個(gè)主語由either or neither nor notonly butalso連接時(shí) 謂語動(dòng)詞和鄰近的主語一致 如 Eithertheteacherorthestudentsourfriends Neithertheynorhewhollyright are is 2 therebe句型be動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)取決于其后的主語 如果其后是由and連接的兩個(gè)主語 則應(yīng)與靠近的那個(gè)主語保持一致 如 Theretwochairsandadeskintheroom Thereadeskandtwochairsintheroom are is 溫故知新 Exercises 1 Oneortwodays enoughtoseethecity A isB areC amD be2 NeithermywifenorImyself abletopersuademydaughtertochangehermind A isB areC amD be 3 NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMary tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother A isB areC amD be4 Nottheteacher butthestudents lookingforwardtoseeingthefilm A isB areC amD be 5 NobodybutBettyandMary lateforclassyesterday A wasB wereC hasbeenD havebeen6 Awomanwithsomechildren soon A iscomingB arecomingC hascomeD havecome Homework Reviewwhatwehavelearnttoday Thankyouforlistening Attention 若and所連接的兩個(gè)詞是指同一個(gè)人或物時(shí) 它后面的謂語動(dòng)詞就應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式 如 Thewriterandartistcome 由and連接的并列單數(shù)主語前如果分別有no each every morethana an manya an 修飾時(shí) 其謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式 如 Everystudentandeveryte