【發(fā)散思維】人教版高二英語選修7課件：Unit2第三節(jié) Grammar（32張）.ppt

不定式被動式講與練 不定式語法 不定式的時態(tài)和語態(tài) 不定式有時態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化 時態(tài)共四種 即一般式 完成式 進行式和完成進行式 語態(tài)分為主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài) 如下表所示 當(dāng)動詞不定式的邏輯主語是動詞不定式所表示的動作的執(zhí)行者時用主動語態(tài) 當(dāng)動詞不定式的邏輯主語是動詞不定式所表達的動作的承受者時用被動語態(tài) 進行式和完成進行式?jīng)]有被動語態(tài) 一 不定式的被動形式有下列用法 1 作主語 itisanhonourformetobeaskedtospeakhere 2 作賓語 sheaskedtobesenttoworkinxinjiang 一當(dāng)不定式的邏輯主語是不定式所表示的動作的承受者時 不定式一般要采用被動形式 3 構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語 hewantedthelettertobetypedatonce shedidn tlikeherselftobepraisedlikethat 4 構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語 thebooksarenotallowedtobetakenoutoftheroom 5 作定語 areyougoingtothemeetingtobeheldintheteachers office 6 作狀語 shewastooyoungtobeassignedsuchwork 二 不定式有時還可以有完成式的被動式 在句中作主語 賓語 定語 或者構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語 復(fù)合謂語等 如 itisagoodthingforhimtohavebeencriticized 主語 shepreferredtohavebeengivenheavierworktodo 賓語 hethoughtitanhonourtohavebeeninvitedtotheparty 復(fù)合賓語 thebookissaidtohavebeentranslatedintomanylanguages 復(fù)合謂語 shewasthefirstwomantohavebeenelectedtosuchapost 定語 三 不定式的主動形式表示被動 1 在therebe結(jié)構(gòu)中 例如 thereisalotofhomeworktodo 也可用tobedone thereisnotimetolose tobelost 三 不定式的主動形式表示被動 2 在 n pron be adj todo 結(jié)構(gòu)中 常用的形容詞有easy difficult hard impossible nice pleasant light heavy interesting important expensive cheap fit dangerous等 例如 heishardtoconvince heisanimpossiblepersontoworkwith 3 在 too todo enough to 結(jié)構(gòu)中 如 theproblemistoodifficulttoworkout tobeworkedout thehouseisbigenoughtolivein 4 在 with n todo 結(jié)構(gòu)中 例如 withnothingtodo helayinbed withsomanyexercisestodo ican tgotothecinema 5 當(dāng)不定式的邏輯主語在句中出現(xiàn)時 例如 ihavealettertotypetoday i是totype的邏輯主語 doyouhaveanythingtosay you是tosay的邏輯主語 6 當(dāng)不定式隱含在forsbtodo結(jié)構(gòu)中時 例如 thisisthebestbooktoread forus youtoread theimportantthingtodoistolockthedoorwhenweleavethehouse 7 一些作表語用的不定式的主動形式 常見的這類動詞有l(wèi)et 出租 rent hire blame等 例如 thehouseistolet ifeltlwastoblame notice 動詞不定式主動語態(tài)形式的使用要比被動語態(tài)形式的使用普遍 有時 尤其在口語中 雖然意思上是被動的 也往往用主動語態(tài)形式來表示 ihavethreemotorstorepairtoday thetaskisdifficulttofinishontime 1 havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple butitremains whethertheywillenjoyit a toseeb tobeseenc seeingd seen exercise b 2 ihurriedtothemeetinghall only thatthemeetinghadbeenputoff a totellb tobetoldc tellingd told b 3 doletyourmotherknowallthetruth sheappears everything a totellb tobetoldc tobetellingd tohavebeentold d 4 littletomshouldlove tothetheaterthisevening a tobetakenb totakec beingtakend taking a 5 itissaidthatplasticscanbeusedto manythings nowpeopleareusedto plasticsproducts a make usingb making usingc making used make use a 6 withalotofproblems thenewly electedpresidentishavingahardtime a settledb settlingc tosettled beingsettled c 7 he andwasmadetorepeatit a didn tunderstandb didn tbeunderstoodc wasn tunderstandd wasn tunderstood d 8 thepupilshere allkindsofexerciseseverydayinthepastfourweeks a keptbusydoingb keepondoingc havekeptbusydoingd havebeenkeptbusydoing d 9 visitors nottotouchtheexhibits a willrequestb requestc arerequestingd arerequested d 10 insomepartsoftheworld tea withmilkandsugar a isservingb isservedc servesd served b thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier itmoredifficult met99 a notmakeb nottomakec notmakingd donotmake 不定式與高考題 2 i veworkedwithchildrenbefore soiknowwhat inmynewjob met2000 a expectedb toexpectc tobeexpectingd expects3 havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouplesbutitremains whethertheywillenjoyit met2001 a toseeb seenc seeingd tobeseen 4 allenhadtocallataxibecausetheboxwas tocarryallthewayhome met2003 a muchtooheavyb toomuchheavyc heavytoomuchd tooheavymuch 5 lateintheafternoon bobturnedoffthealarm 2001年北京春季高考 a tosleepb sleepingc sleepd havingsleep6 withalotofdifficultproblems thenewly electedpresidentishavingahardtime 2002年上海春季高考 a settledb settlingc tosettled beingsettled 7 shewilltelluswhyshefeelssostronglythateachofushasarole inmakingtheearthabetterplacetolive 2003上海春季高考 a tohaveplayedb top