外研版高考英語(yǔ)必修一語(yǔ)法精析探究 學(xué)案：Module 4 Period Three.docVIP

period threegrammar & writing單元語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)在完成時(shí).用所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空1it has been/is(be) six years since we last saw each other.2you know，i have seen(see) quite a lot of china and i have visited some beautiful cities.3they have just completed(complete) the huge apartment block!4they have put(put) up a lot of high-rise buildings recently.5our earth has been polluted(pollute) heavily so far.句型轉(zhuǎn)換1i have been to macau before.(改為否定句)i have not been to macau before.2we began to learn english three years ago.(改為同義句)we have learned english for three years.3mr li began to teach english in this school in 1999.(改為同義句)mr li has taught english in this school since 1999.4his company was closed in 2003.(改為同義句)his company has been closed since 2003.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示到目前為止已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，它強(qiáng)調(diào)的是結(jié)果，而不是動(dòng)作?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成為：have/has過(guò)去分詞。一、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法1表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果?？梢员硎咀罱瓿傻膭?dòng)作，也可以表示經(jīng)歷或經(jīng)驗(yàn)。常與just，recently，so far，up to now，till now，ever，never等連用。i have already finished all the work.我已經(jīng)完成了所有的工作。mr smith has just left.史密斯先生剛離開。注意：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法區(qū)別：(1)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)與現(xiàn)在的時(shí)間有關(guān)，不與表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。(2)一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，與現(xiàn)在的情況沒(méi)有關(guān)系。與表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如yesterday，last year，in the past，ago等。i lived in london for two years.我在倫敦住過(guò)兩年。(現(xiàn)在不在倫敦)i have lived in london for two years.我在倫敦已住了兩年了。(現(xiàn)在還在倫敦)2表示過(guò)去已經(jīng)開始、持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在(可能還會(huì)繼續(xù)進(jìn)行下去)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常和表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，如：for，since，these days，this year，now等。we have been good friends since we were very young.我們從小就是好朋友。mary went to japan last year.and i have not heard from her ever since.瑪麗去年去了日本，從那以后我就再也沒(méi)有收到過(guò)她的來(lái)信了。注意：表示短暫意義的動(dòng)詞(動(dòng)作不能持續(xù))如arrive，begin，borrow，buy，come，die，join，leave等，其現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的肯定式不能和表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，需要時(shí)要用相應(yīng)的表示延續(xù)狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞替換。3在時(shí)間、條件等從句中，代替將來(lái)完成時(shí)。once you have promised，you should keep it.你一旦許下諾言，就務(wù)必遵守。as long as you have cleaned all the windows，you are allowed to play.只要你把所有的窗戶擦完，你就可以玩了。二、幾種常見句型1it is/has been一段時(shí)間since.it is/has been two weeks since we arrived here.自從我們到這里已經(jīng)有兩星期了。it is/has been quite some time since i was last in london.我不在倫敦已經(jīng)很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了。2this/it is the first/second/.time (that).這是某人第一/二次/做某事。this is the first time i have been here.這是我第一次到這里來(lái)。it was the fifth time you had visited the summer palace.那是你第五次參觀頤和園了。單句語(yǔ)法填空1i have read(read) half of the english novel，and ill try to finish it at the weekend.(2016北京)2despite the previous rounds of talks，no agreement has been reached(reach) so far by the two sides.(2015天津)3in my hometown，there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheat has been(be) cut.(2015重慶)4how much do you know about the youth olympic games to be held in nanjing?well，the media have covered(cover) it in a variety of forms.(2014江蘇)5we wont start the work until all the preparations have been made(make)(2014天津)6when i first met bryan i didnt like him，but i have changed(change) my mind.(2013新課標(biāo)全國(guó)).單句語(yǔ)法填空1mr yang is not at home.he has gone(go) to shanghai on business.2a lecture on the computer has been given(give) three times by mr zhang already.3this is the most interesting party that i have enjoyed(enjoy)4cathy hasnt phoned(not，phone) her mother since she went to berlin.5it is the first time that he has left(leave) his country.6my parents have promised(promise) to come to see me before i leave for africa.7i was out of town at that time，so i dont know exactly how it happened(happen)8oh no！were too late.the train has left(leave)thats ok.well catch the next train to london.9you shouldnt leave school before you have finished(finish) your homework.10i havent heard from henry for a long time.what do you suppose has happened(happen) to him?11you dont need to describe her.i have met(meet) her several times.12so far this year we have seen(see) a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent.13by the time you have finished(finish) your homework，it will be too late to go there.14in the past five years，i have travelled(travel) to jiangsu twice.15he came(come) in 1999.he has been(be) a teacher for over 18 years.語(yǔ)法填空(2017廣東清遠(yuǎn)三中高一上月考)singles day falls on november 11th every year in china,16.which is recognized as a day for people who have no girlfriend or boyfriend.couples and lovers have valentines day in celebration of their love，but how about the singles? there must be a day they can celebrate even 17.without a partner.thats 18.why people created singles day.19on singles day many singles choose to say goodbye to their single lives,20.attending(attend) blind date parties，and some people even decide to get 21.married(marry) with strangers.22.but this day has recently become more of a time for shopping，because many shops online will give customers great discounts to promote their goods.more and more people are willing to shop online to get 23.what they want，and i am one of them.i just cant help 24.buying(buy) things whether i need them or not.25.honestly(honest) speaking，some of the things that i bought have been put aside forever in my closet.單元寫作describing a place介紹某一地區(qū)就是對(duì)該地區(qū)的大致狀況進(jìn)行描述，向人們展示該地區(qū)的地貌特征、風(fēng)土人情、歷史文化等。寫此類文章應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：1內(nèi)容一般應(yīng)包括該地區(qū)的位置、面積、人口、歷史、氣候、特產(chǎn)等。但是一定要抓住該地區(qū)的主要特色，這樣才能給讀者留下深刻的印象。2要遵循一定的寫作順序。描述該地區(qū)的位置時(shí)，首先要找好中心點(diǎn)，再由近及遠(yuǎn)，也可以先總體后局部，或按照一定的時(shí)間順序或空間順序來(lái)寫。描述時(shí)可以適當(dāng)使用過(guò)渡性連接詞。3介紹某一地區(qū)時(shí)，除了說(shuō)明它的自然景觀特色之外，還應(yīng)適當(dāng)添加一些人文景觀的變化以及人們精神面貌的變化。1所處位置(location)(1)our school lies near/behind/in front of/by the side of/between/among.(2)there stands an old temple near the river.(3)the beautiful town is located/situated on the west of the lake/to the west of the mountain/in the west of the province.(4)surrounded by mountains on three sides，the small village faces a clear river on the east.2面積(area)(1)tiananmen square，the largest square in the world，covers an area of.(2)this square is 2,000 meters long and 1,500 meters wide.(3)our school，which takes up 63 thousand square kilometers，is very large in size.3人口(population)(1)japan has a small population of.(2)china is a developing country，with a population of over.(3)the population here is increasing year by year.(4)eighty percent of the population here are farmers.4名勝(places of interest)(1)in sydney，there are many places of interest，such as the opera house.(2)the opera house in sydney is one of the most well-known places of interest in the world.(3)sydney is the biggest city in australia，which has many places of interest，among which is the opera house.假設(shè)你是李華，看到報(bào)紙上征集介紹家鄉(xiāng)的稿件，請(qǐng)你根據(jù)以下提示，寫一篇文章介紹一下你的家鄉(xiāng)山東省青島市。1青島位于山東省東部；2是我國(guó)著名的旅游城市和避暑勝地；3以藍(lán)色的大海和美麗的海濱而聞名；4青島啤酒聞名世界，海鮮也非常吸引人；5近年來(lái)青島的發(fā)展日新月異，對(duì)我國(guó)的對(duì)外貿(mào)易發(fā)展起著重要作用。注意：1詞數(shù)100左右；2不要逐字翻譯，可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。參考詞匯：避暑勝地summer resort；對(duì)外貿(mào)易foreign trade寫作要求是根據(jù)提示內(nèi)容介紹自己的家鄉(xiāng)，屬于說(shuō)明文。寫作時(shí)應(yīng)注意下面幾點(diǎn)：1確定文體：這是一篇說(shuō)明文，要包括家鄉(xiāng)的地理位置、地貌特征、歷史文化、風(fēng)土人情等。2主體時(shí)態(tài)：文章應(yīng)以一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)為主。3主體人稱：文章應(yīng)該以第三人稱為主。聯(lián)想詞匯1位于；坐落于be located in2以而聞名be famous for3成千上萬(wàn)的tens of thousands of4在中起著重要作用play an important part in5在的發(fā)展中in the development of.句式升級(jí)1我的家鄉(xiāng)青島位于山東省東部，是中國(guó)著名的旅游城市和避暑勝地。my hometown qingdao is in the east of shandong province and it is a famous tourist city and summer resort in china.(并列句)located in the east of shandong province，my hometown qingdao is a famous tourist city and summer resort in china.(過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ))qingdao，my hometown，lies in the east of shandong province.it is a famous tourist city as well as a summer resort in china.(同位語(yǔ)；as well as)2青島制造的青島啤酒世界聞名。qingdao beer made in qingdao is known all over the world.(過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ))qingdao beer，which is made in qingdao，is known all over the world.(非限制性定語(yǔ)從句)qingdaomy hometownhave you ever been to my hometownqingdao? its a beautiful and attractive city.located in the east of shandong province，my hometown qingdao is a famous tourist city and summer resort in china.it is famous for its blue sea as well as beautiful beaches.tens of thousands of people pay a visit to qingdao for sightseeing every summer.whats more，qingdao beer made in qingdao is known all over the world.and delicious seafood is also a strong attraction in qingdao.great changes have taken place in qingdao in recent years.it plays an important part in the development of the foreign trade of our country.閱讀理解a(2018河南豫西南部分示范性高中高一上期中)you might think people all over the united states have wi-fiwireless internet serviceand mobile phones.but there is no such service in green bank，west virginia，a tiny town four hours from the us capital，washington dc.fewer than 150 people live in green bank，which has two churches，an elementary school and a public library.it is also home to the largest radio telescope in the world.there is a ban(禁令) on wi-fi in green bank，along with anything else that can create electromagnetic(電磁的) waves.officials say the waves could disturb the signals(信號(hào)) the telescope receives.for many americans，a visit to green bank is a little like returning to the 1950s.to get there，you must read road signs because there is no gps service in the town.people can connect with the internet through telephones，but wireless service is not allowed.the observatory(天文臺(tái)) is one of the largest employers in the area.the federal national science foundation (nsf) spends about 8.2 million a year to operate the observatory，telescope and educational center.jonah bauserman is a technician.if he supposes there is a signal that is not allowed in the zone，he drives to the house where the signal is coming from and checks it.but once a week，when the device is cleaned，some banned devices are allowed near it.people in the town respect the work of the scientists.and they say they are happy to live without wi-fi and mobile phones.“you know，instead of sitting here on our phones and other devices were out fishing，hunting and going to each others houses.” everyone knows each other and communication is almost always face to face.1what will you see when you pay a visit to green bank?agps service. bguide posts.ccellphone towers. dradio-controlled toys.答案b解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的“to get there，you must read road signs because there is no gps service in the town.”可知當(dāng)你去green bank參觀時(shí)，你會(huì)看到路標(biāo)。故選b。2what is jonah bausermans duty in his work?afollowing signals from cellphones.bcleaning the telescope once a week.clistening for signals from outer space.dprotecting the telescope from being affected.答案d解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第五段的內(nèi)容可知，jonah bauserman的工作是保護(hù)望遠(yuǎn)鏡不受其他信號(hào)的干擾。故選d。3what has the telescope brought to the local people?agreat wealth.bmany job chances.ca healthier lifestyle.dmuch difficulty in life.答案c解析推理判斷題。由最后一段內(nèi)容可知，沒(méi)有網(wǎng)絡(luò)和手機(jī)，人們就去釣魚、打獵、相互串門，人們相互了解，面對(duì)面地進(jìn)行交流，生活方式更健康。故選c。4what may be the best title for this text?aan american town without wi-fi and mobile phonesbgood relationships between people in an american towncthe largest radio telescope in the worldda better life without wireless devices答案a解析標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文可知，這篇文章主要介紹了一個(gè)沒(méi)有手機(jī)和wi-fi的美國(guó)小鎮(zhèn)。故選a。b(2018天津靜海第一中學(xué)、楊村一中、寶坻一中等六校高一上期中聯(lián)考)tyler kellogg drove more than 3,000 miles last year.his goal is to help as many people as he can.tyler kellogg calls himself a long-time do-gooder，and last summer he really did a lot of good.after collecting together 2,000 and using his car as a sleeping space，the 21-year-old college student hit the road.his goal was to do random acts of kindness for 100 strangers.he drove 1,600 miles，from his parents house in adams center，new york，to the florida keys，then back again.“the first person i helped was a person fixing a boat lift on a lake in oneida，new york，” kellogg remembers.“i was shaking when i asked if he needed a hand.” what if he thought kellogg was crazy? “when he said，can you help me get this lift into the water？ i knew everything was going to be fine.”he helped a policeman fix a downed barricade(路障) in washington，d.c.，and spread many yards of mulch(覆蓋物) in maryland and north carolina.and somewhere outside atlanta，he met a man who was crying because his wife had recently died and he had no one to talk to.“for three hours we sat in his garden，” kellogg says.“when i left，he said，thank you.i realize now that my life will go on.”in 55 days，kellogg helped 115 strangers and made an exciting discovery.“you dont have to have much money，” he says.“you just have to ask people，how can i help？ 語(yǔ)篇解讀這篇文章主要講了為了做好事，tyler kellogg驅(qū)車行駛數(shù)千英里，他的目標(biāo)是為一百個(gè)陌生人隨意地做一些好事。5what is the purpose of tyler kellogg driving so many miles?ato practice his driving.bto have a good trip.cto do good things.dto visit his friends.答案c解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段內(nèi)容可知，tyler kellogg驅(qū)車行駛數(shù)千英里是為了做好事，故選c。6what does the underlined word “random” in the second paragraph probably mean?awithout determination(決定)bwilling.cwithout any plan or aim.dhopeless.答案c解析詞義猜測(cè)題。由畫線詞所在句可知，他的目標(biāo)是為一百個(gè)陌生人隨意地做一些好事。random的意思是“隨意的”，故選c。7which of the following can be the best title of the passage?aa students exciting discoverybcollege students lifec100 strangers dreamsdthe best road trip答案d解析標(biāo)題歸納題。這篇文章主要講了為了做好事，tyler kellogg驅(qū)車行駛數(shù)千英里，他的目標(biāo)是為一百個(gè)陌生人隨意地做一些好事。所以這篇文章的最佳標(biāo)題是“最好的公路旅行”，故選d。.語(yǔ)法填空(2018陜西西安一中高一上月考)one afternoon i was sitting at my favorite table in a restaurant,8.waiting(wait) for the food i had ordered to arrive.suddenly i noticed that a man 9.sitting(sit) at a table near the window kept glancing in my 10.direction(direct)，as if he knew me.the man had a newspaper open in front of him,11.which he was pretending to read，but i could see that he was keeping an eye on me.when the waiter 12.brought(bring) my food，the man was 13. clearly(clear) puzzled by the familiar way the waiter and i chatted with each other.he seemed even more puzzled as time went on and it became clear that all the 14.waiters(waiter) in the restaurant knew me.finally he got up and went into the kitchen.when he came out，he paid his bill and left.i called 15.the owner of the restaurant and asked 16.what was the matter with the man.“well，” he said，“that man was a detective(偵探)he followed you here because he thought you were the man he 17.was looking(look) for.”.短文改錯(cuò)(2018陜西西安一中高一上月考)here is my idea about how a friend is like.firstly，a friend is someone you can share your secrets to.if you tell him a secret，he will never talks about it with anybody else.besides，a friend is always good listener when you need one.after hear your sad stories，he will say some words that is nice and warm.still，your happiness makes him happily too.whats more，a good friend is willing to offer the help to which you need，or can a