七年級上冊英語知識點歸納.doc

幸運的zhangren 一級 | 我的知道 | 手機知道 | 私信 | 百度首頁 我的主頁 帳號設置 退出 我的提問 我的回答 為我推薦的提問 新聞 網頁 貼吧 知道 音樂 圖片 視頻 地圖 百科 文庫 經驗窗體頂端我要提問 窗體底端 首頁 分類 公社 財富商城 知道團隊 管 理 員 認證用戶 知道之星 知道活動 問醫(yī)生 問律師 問作業(yè) 經驗 買什么 個人中心 手機知道 百度知道 教育/科學 外語學習 英語翻譯 七年級英語上冊知識點總結【學習目標】一、語音知識 1.2. 單詞重讀dinner kitchen shower people forget piano delicious review 二、詞匯 1. 16單元黑體字單詞 2. 詞組what abouthow about 怎么樣（認為如何） fall asleepbe asleep 入睡 eat up 吃光 go to bed 上床睡覺 watch TV 看電視 only child 獨生子、獨生女 wash the dishes 洗盤子 at school/home/work 在學校 / 家 / 工作 go up 起床 live with sb. 和某人住在一起 三、日常用語 1. Whats your name?My name is Mike. 2. Are you happy?Yes, I am./No, Im not. 3. Whats your favorite subject?My favorite subject is English. 4. Do you like sports?Yes, I do./No, I dont. 四、語法 1. 詞類：名詞、冠詞、形容詞、副詞 2. 比較等級 【知識講解】1. 名詞 表示人或事物的名稱，如 boy, clock, book, tree?？偟恼f來，名詞分為專有名詞和普通名詞兩大類。專有名詞是個別的人、事物、地點等專有的名稱，如： Jim, China專有名詞的第一個字母要大寫，如：Beijing, New York 名詞按其所表示的事物的性質分為可數名詞和不可數名詞?？蓴得~：可以用數目計算，有單數和復數兩種形式，如：an apple, two apples, a car, some cars不可數名詞：一般無法用數目計算，沒有復數形式，且不用不定冠詞a/an修飾，如：water, milk, meat, tea, bread, rice 單數名詞變復數名詞的規(guī)則如下表： 注：少數名詞的復數是不規(guī)則的，如： manmen womanwomen childchildren表示民族的名詞，有的在詞尾加 s ，如： an Americanthree Americans有的單、復數形式相同，如： a Chinesefour Chinese a sheepthree sheep a deerfive deer 2. 冠詞冠詞是一種虛詞，不能單獨使用，只能和一個名詞一起使用，并幫助說明此名詞。冠詞有兩類，即定冠詞the 和不定冠詞a/an。 不定冠詞 常表示“一”的概念，有兩種形式：a和an。a用在輔音音素開頭的單數可數名詞前，如：a book, a pen；an用在元音音素開頭的名詞前，如：an apple,an orange,an egg。 定冠詞the 常表示“這個”“那個”“這些”“那些”的概念，the在元音音素前讀，在輔音音素前讀 ，如：the moon, the evening。eg. Do you have an English book?Yes, but the English book is broken. There is a chicken in the picture. We cant see the sun at night. The Browns are going to the park this Sunday. Shanghai is in the east of China. 3. 形容詞 用來修飾名詞，表示人或事物的特征，在句中可以作定語、表語、賓語補足語。如： Its a sunny day today. Lets go to the park.This book is good.Its very nice of you to help us. 常見形容詞的同義詞與近義詞：largebig 大的 gladhappy/pleased 高興的cleverbright 聰明的 illsick 病的finewell 好的 常見形容詞的反義詞和對應詞：bad（壞的）good（好的） big（大的）small（小的）busy（忙的） free（空閑的） dry（干的）wet（濕的）same（相同的）different（不同的） empty（空的）full（滿的）cold（寒冷的）hot（熱的） open（開著的）closed（關閉的）poor（窮的）rich（富的） 4. 副詞 用來修飾動詞、形容詞、其他副詞或全句，在句中作狀語或表語。 eg. Now he is back in New York again.現在他又回到了紐約。Mike is a good student. He often does his homework carefully.副詞一般分為七大類：時間副詞： now, often, then, early, ago, before地點副詞： here, there, out, above, up, down方式副詞： hard, well, badly, fast, slowly程度副詞： very, much, still, almost, too, so疑問副詞： how, when, why, where關系副詞： when, where, why連接副詞： now, where, why often 等表示“頻率”的時間副詞，總被放在句子中間，又稱“中置副詞”。這類副詞有 always（總是）、 usually（通常）、sometimes（有時）、ever（曾經）、never（從不）等。“中置”規(guī)律：放在單個的 be 動詞之后；放在單個實義動詞之前；謂語動詞為多個詞時，放在第一個助動詞或情態(tài)動詞之后。如： You are always late for school. 你總是上學遲到。I usually go to school by bike.I never see that book.He often helps other students.He goes to work on foot sometimes. 5. 比較等級 在進行比較的時候，形容詞和副詞有原級、比較級和最高級三種形式。 規(guī)則形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級加 -er或-est。（1）不規(guī)則變化的形容詞和副詞如下：betterbestwors worst（許多）many/muchmoremost（幾乎沒有）littlelessleast（遠的）farfartherfarthest（老的，舊的）old（2）三種句型 原級句型：as形容詞/副詞as，表示“和一樣”；否定句式：not as/so 形容詞/副詞as，表示“和不一樣”。eg. I think Kate does just as well as Ann.If you like the chicken, you may have as much as you can.I dont like the film. Its not so interesting as that one. 比較級句型：a. 主語謂語比較級than其它，表示“較一些”。eg. This city is more beautiful than that one.It is hotter today than yesterday.He is a much nicer worker. b. 比較級and比較級，more and more原級，表示“越來越”，說明本身程度的改變。eg. The worlds population is growing faster and faster. 世界人口增長得越來越快。more and more beautiful 越來越漂亮 c. the比較級, the比較級，表示“越就越”，說明隨著前邊條件的變化，后邊的結果也發(fā)生變化。eg. The more she eats, the fatter shell be. 她吃得越多就會越胖。The more, the better. 越多越好。 最高級句型：主語謂語（the）形容詞或副詞的最高級in/of注：最高級前一般要用the，如： He is the most careful student.但在副詞最高級前the可以省去，如：He writes（the）most carefully in his class.This kind of cake is the most delicious.I like English best.Mike is the youngest in his class.He runs fastest. 初一英語上冊專題重點動詞 一、be動詞1. 根據人稱的不同，be動詞有三種基本形式，分別為am，is和are。am用于單數第一人稱(I)；is用于單數第三人稱(he，she，it)；are用于第二人稱和復數第一，二，三人稱(we，you，they)。例：I am fifteen years old. 我十五歲了。You are my friend forever. 你永遠是我的朋友。He is a hard-working student.他是一個刻苦努力的學生。The students are reading books in the classroom.學生們都在教室里讀書。2. be動詞的否定形式直接在后面加not. I am not fifteen years old.He is not a hard-working student.The students are not reading books in the classroom.3. 把be動詞的肯定句變成疑問則要直接把動詞be提到句首，變型如下：Are you fifteen years old?Is he a hard-working student?Are the students reading books in the classroom?二. 行為動詞1. match v. 相稱；匹配 match. . . with. . .e. g. Match the words with the pictures，please. 請把單詞和圖畫相搭配。2. practise v. 練習practise doing sth. 練習做。e. g. He practices speaking English every day. 他每天都練習讀英語。3. welcome v. 歡迎. welcome sb. to sp. e. g. Please welcome Betty and Tony to our school. 歡迎貝蒂和托尼來我們學校。4. invite v. 邀請 invite sb. to do sth.e.g. Tom invites me to go to the concert with him on Saturday. 湯姆邀請我跟他周六一起去參加音樂會。 invite sb. to sp.e. g. Daming invites Tony to the cinema. 大明邀請托尼去看電影。 invitation(n. )send an invitation to sb. 對某人發(fā)出邀請5. ask v. 請求 ask sb. to do sth. e. g. Tony asks Daming to go to a basketball match. 托尼叫大明一起去看籃球賽。6. have v. 有 have lessons上課 have a rest 休息 have a look at sth. 看看. have dinner 吃飯 have a good time 玩的開心 have a break 課間休息 have a party 舉辦聚會e. g. We have three lessons in the morning. 我們早上有三節(jié)課。At eleven oclock，we have a break and I talk with my friends. 11點我們課間休息，我和我的朋友們聊天。In the evening，we watch TV and have dinner. I do my homework and go to bed at ten oclock.晚上，我們看電視并且吃晚飯。我做作業(yè)然后十點上床睡覺。7. send v. 發(fā)送 send sb sth(send sth. to sb. )e. g. We usually send him a birthday card. 我們經常送給他一張生日卡片。8. make v. 制作。 make sth. for sb.e. g. And we often make a cake for his birthday. 我們經常為他的生日做一個生日蛋糕。 make travel plans on the Internete. g. Do you often make travel plans on the Internet?你們經常在網上制定旅游計劃么? make a trip to the zooe. g. Lets make a trip to the zoo. 讓我們一起去動物園吧。9. like v. 喜歡 like doing sth. e. g. Damings uncle likes reading and he reads a lot of books. 大明的叔叔喜歡閱讀，并且他經常讀很多書。 would like sthto do sth. e. g. Would you like to go to the cinema with Betty and me?你愿意跟我和貝蒂一起去電影院么?Would you like some tea?你想來點茶葉么?10. talk v. 談話 talk to (with) sb. e. g. I often talk to my friends on the phone. 我經常跟我的朋友打電話。 talk about sth. e. g. I often talk about our favorite singers with my best friends after school. 我經常在課后跟我最要好的朋友們談論我們喜歡的歌星。11. stay v. 停留 stay at homee. g. Lets stay at home and watch TV. 讓我們留在家里看電視。 stay healthye. g. Mr. and Mrs. Brown do lots of sports and stay healthy. 布朗先生和布朗太太做很多運動，保持健康。12. visit v. 參觀 visit sbsp. e. g. Welcome to Beijing Zoo. Sixteen thousand people visit it every year. 歡迎來到北京動物園。每年有16000人在此參觀。三. 情態(tài)動詞can情態(tài)動詞特點：1)后面加動詞原型。2)否定句和疑問句不需要借助助動詞構成。e. g. I can play basketball. Can you?我會打籃球，你會么?That cant be our teacher：our teacher is in her office right now. 那不會是我們老師，我們的老師現在正在辦公室呢。動詞練習一. 用適當的介詞填空。1. Can you match the words _ the pictures?2. Lets welcome the foreign friends _ our country.3. I want to invite my sister _ my home.4. Lets have a party and I will send lots of invitations _ my friends.5. Can I have a look _ your new watch?6. Its Fathers Day tomorrow, and I will send a present _ my father.7. Can you make a cake _ me?8. My parents always buy a birthday cake _ me _ my birthday.9. She usually buys CD _ her favorite singers.10. I often talk _ my mother on the phone.11. Lets stay _ home and watch TV.12. I usually download music _ the Internet.13. I am a writer and I write my novels _ my computers.14. I listen _ music every day.15. The polar bear comes _ the Arctic.16. He often writes _ his friends.17. Every day I often talk_ my parents_ the interesting things in school.18. On my birthday, I get lots of presents _ my family and friends.19. Who switch_ the lights? Its so dark in the room, let me switch them二、用所給動詞適當形式填空。1. Daming _ (be) in Class Two.2. Lingling and Daming _ (be) good friends.3. Lingling with Daming _ (be) at school now.4. He can _ (speak) English.5. We can _ (play) basketball and _ (swim).6. Tony _ (ride) a bike to school every day.7. Lucy and Lily sometimes _ (do) their homework at school.8. I want _ (invite) Lily _ (see)a film with me after class.9. I ask my mother _ (choose) a book for me.10. What about _ ( have ) a birthday party?11. He likes _ (play) computer games and _ (play) cards at weekends.12. Let Lingling _ (watch) TV with me, please.13. How about_ (go) swimming on Sunday?14. I would like _ (have) dinner with you tomorrow.15. Lets go and _ (see) a panda.三、時態(tài)填空。1. We often _ (play) in the playground.2. He _ (get) up at six oclock.3. _ you _ (brush) your teeth every morning.4. What _ (do) he usually_ (do) after school?5. Danny _ (study) English, Chinese, Maths, Science and Art at school.6. Mike sometimes _ (go) to the park with his sister.7. At eight at night, she _ (watch) TV with his parents.8. _ Mike _ (read) English every day?9. How many lessons _ your classmate _ (have) on Monday?10. What time _ his mother _ (do) the housework?四. 按要求修改句子。1. Do you often play basketball after school? (肯定回答)2. I have a lot of books. (改為否定句)3. Bettys mother likes playing table tennis. (改為否定句)4. She lives in a town near New York. (改為一般疑問句)5. I watch TV