詞性大規(guī)律.doc

總復(fù)習(xí)名詞可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式的構(gòu)成規(guī)律：1.如：pen , doctor , boy . 一般情況加 .2.如：bus ,class ,bush ,watch ,box . 以s,sh,ch,x結(jié)尾的名詞后面加 .3.如：factory ,country , family . 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞，要將y變?yōu)?再加 ;但要注意的是, 如:boy ,day ,play 以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式只加 ，。4.如Negro ,hero ; potato ,tomato (黑人英雄喜歡吃土豆西紅柿)。以o結(jié)尾的名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式一般要加 ;如： radio , photo ,piano 但如果o前面是元音字母或外來(lái)詞，縮寫(xiě)詞以o結(jié)尾的則只加 .5.如： leaf ,life ,knife 以f或fe結(jié)尾的名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式要將f或fe變?yōu)?再加 ，但有些例外的詞如roof的復(fù)數(shù)形式是 。6.不規(guī)則名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式要單個(gè)記憶,沒(méi)有規(guī)律可循，如:man , woman , child , foot , tooth , mouse ,bacterium , medium , datum , stadium , phenomenon , German , 但Frenchman 。7. 單復(fù)同形的名詞：fish, sheep, deer8集體名詞people, police9. 名詞有所有格形式，用來(lái)表示人或物的所有關(guān)系。有生命的單數(shù)名詞所有格是名詞后加s，如：a students room；有生命的復(fù)數(shù)名詞所有格是名詞后加s，如：students room；其結(jié)尾不是s的復(fù)數(shù)形式仍加s，如, Childrens Day.在表示時(shí)間、距離、世界、國(guó)家名詞的所有格要用s或 s，如：a twenty minutes walk.但無(wú)生命名詞的所有格一般用of結(jié)構(gòu)，如：the capital of our country, the colour of the flowers冠詞3個(gè) 泛指 、 ；特指 apple / email/ idea/ orange / excellent student/ old man / umbrella / hour/ “A”/ “E”/”F” useful book/ university誤 There is an orange in the bottle. There is a big tree in the front of the house.代詞人稱我你他她它我們你們他們主格賓格反身代詞物主代詞我的你的他的她的它的我們的你們的他們的形容詞性名詞性指示代詞this, that, these, those疑問(wèn)代詞what, which who, whom, whose 疑問(wèn)副詞when, how, where, why.不定代詞some, any, many, much, each, either, neither, other, another, all, both, one, noneThere isnt in todays newspaper.A anything interesting B something interestingC nothing interesting D interesting anythingThere are many trees on sides. There are many trees on side. (each, both)other (形/泛)：other books 其他不確定的若干本書(shū)others（代/泛）：others= other books 其他不確定的若干本書(shū)the other（形代/特）：the other book 另外一本確定的書(shū) the other books 另外若干本確定的書(shū) the other= the other book 另外一本確定的書(shū)the others（代/特）：the others = the other books另外若干本確定的書(shū)another（形代/泛）：another book 另外一本不確定的書(shū) another= another book另外一本不確定的書(shū)改錯(cuò)：誤There are ten students here. Where are the others students?誤The old man has two sons. One is a teacher, another is a doctor.誤Some people like sports. The others like reading.形容詞、副詞 形容詞(原級(jí),比較級(jí)than, the最高級(jí))young , tall -er, -estlarge , nice -r, -stbig , fat , hot 雙寫(xiě)-er, -est不規(guī)則變化 good better best, well better best, bad worse worst, badly worse worst, little less least, far farther/further farthest/furthest, old older/elder oldest/eldest, many more most多音節(jié) beautiful more beautiful most beautiful形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為副詞 kind- , careful-_ -lyfull-_ -yhappy- , busy- , easy- 將y變成i加ly true - , whole-_ 去e加-ly但：safe- , possible- , terrible - , sensible - , comfortable - , simple - , gentle- .The girl was afraid she threw her bag away.A. so, that B. too, to C. too, that D. enough, to None of the students watched it .A. careful enough B. enough carefully C. carefully enough D. enough careful she eats, shell be.A. Morefat B. The morefatter C. Morethe fatter D. The morethe fatter譯：付出越多，獲得越多。 I dont think English is Chinese.A. as important as B. not important asC. not so important D. important as Jim is at all his lessons. And Im sure hell do very in the exams.A. well, good B. good, well C. well, well D. good, good You look than before， why?A. more thin B. more thinner C. much more thin D. much thinner連詞對(duì)等并列連詞：and, bothand, eitheror, neithernor，not onlybut also, when（就在此時(shí)）等轉(zhuǎn)折并列連詞：but, however, while (而)，等選擇并列連詞，如：or, or else, otherwise等前因后果連詞：for, so等從屬連詞-連接形容詞性（定語(yǔ)）從句：that, which, who, whom, whose+n.when, where, why, As we all know, 連接名詞性（主、賓、表、同）從句：that, if, whether, what, which, who, whom, whose, when, where, why, how等 連接副詞性（狀語(yǔ)）從句(表時(shí)間):when while, as, since, before, after, once, as soon as, until, till等 （表?xiàng)l件）：if, unless, as long as 等 （表原因）：because, since, as, now that (既然) 等 （表目的、結(jié)果、方式、比較、地點(diǎn)等）：so that, sothat, suchthat, asas, than, where等7Ill give the book to him he comes back.A. since B. as soon as C. before D. untilI wont give the book to him he comes back.A. since B. as soon as C. before D. untilIll wait he comes back.A. since B. as soon as C. before D. untilMiss Gao has been a teacher 1990.A. before B. after C. since D. inYoull learn English well if you your heart into it.A. put B. will put C. has put D. putted譯： I was sleeping when my mom came back. I dont know when my mom came back. I dont know the time when my mom came back. 介詞about 大約在時(shí)間 about five oclock；大約多遠(yuǎn)about five kilometres；關(guān)于、涉及talk about youabove 高出某一平面 above sea levelacross 橫過(guò) walk across the street after 在之后after supper； 跟后面one after another；追趕run after youagainst 背靠against the wall；逆風(fēng)against the wind；反對(duì)be against youamong 三者以上的中間among the trees at 在某時(shí)刻at ten；在小地點(diǎn)at the school gate；表示速度at high speed ；向著，對(duì)著at mebefore 在之前before lunch；位于之前sit before mebehind 位于之后behind the treebelow 低于水平below zero；不合格below the standardby 到時(shí)刻，在時(shí)刻之前by five oclock；緊挨著side by side；乘坐交通工具by air, by bike； 被由（某人）執(zhí)行was made by usduring 在期間during the holidays for 延續(xù)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間for five years；向去leave for Shanghai；為了，對(duì)于be good for youfrom 從某時(shí)到某時(shí)from morning till night；來(lái)自何方from New York；由某原料制成be made from； 來(lái)自何處where are you fromin 在年、月、周較長(zhǎng)時(shí)間內(nèi)in a week；在里面in the room；用某種語(yǔ)言in English；穿著in redinto 進(jìn)入里面walk into；除，分divide into；變成turn into waternear 接近某時(shí)near five years；在附近near the park of 用某種原料制成be made of ；屬于性質(zhì)a map of U. S .Aon 某日、某日的上下午on Sunday afternoon；在上面on the desk；靠吃為生live on rice；關(guān)于a book on Physics over 渡過(guò)一整段時(shí)間work over night；在上方over the desk；超過(guò)， 高于over five pairs past 超過(guò)某一時(shí)刻ten past five；經(jīng)過(guò)某地walk past the parksince 從某時(shí)以來(lái)since 1980；原因Since you were illthrough 經(jīng)過(guò)某一時(shí)期through his life；通過(guò)、穿過(guò)某地through the forest till/ until 直到某時(shí)為止till five oclock to 差多少時(shí)間five to ten；問(wèn)，到，去往to Shanghai；面對(duì)面face to face ；給予give a book to me under 在下面under the desk；少于under ten；在管制之下under the rule with 用某種工具with a pen；帶著，具有with mewithout 沒(méi)有without air誤 We visited the old man in Sunday afternoon.誤 He became a writer at his twenties.誤 There is a beautiful bird on the tree.誤 Shanghai is on the east of China.誤 In my way to the station, I bought a newspaper to kill time.誤 A lot of French wines are made of grape.誤 Today a lot of Chinese people have interest of collecting stamps.誤 He was good for skating.（Ps.結(jié)合模塊短語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)積累介詞搭配）數(shù)詞阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字，基數(shù)詞，序數(shù)詞，簡(jiǎn)寫(xiě)序數(shù)詞 1 one first 1st 2 two second 2nd 3 three third 3rd 4 four fourth 4th 5 five fifth 5th 6 six sixth 6th 7 seven seventh 7th 8 eight eighth 8th 9 nine ninth 9th 10 ten tenth 10th 11 eleven eleventh 11th 12 twelve twelfth 12th 13 thirteen thirteenth 13th 14 fourteen fourteenth 14th 15 fifteen fifteenth 15th 16 sixteen sixteenth 16th 17 seventeen seventeenth 17th 18 eighteen eighteenth 18yh 19 nineteen nineteenth 19th 20 twenty twentieth 20th 21 twenty-one twenty-first 21st 30 thirty thirtieth 30th 40 forty fortieth 40th 50 fifty fiftieth 50th 60 sixty sixtieth 60th 70 seventy seventieth 70th 80 eighty eightieth 80th 90 ninety ninetieth 90th 100 a(one)hundred hundredth 100th 104 one hundred and four hundred and fourth 104th 1000 a(one) thounsand thounsandth 1000th 10000 ten thounsand ten thounsandth 10000th 1000000 one million millionth 1000000th二分之一a half，三分之一 one third，三分之二two thirds，四分之一a quarter，四分之二a half成千上萬(wàn)的thousands of/ hundreds of；第一節(jié)課lesson one/ the first lesson動(dòng)詞 英語(yǔ)作文常用時(shí)態(tài)：1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：do（原型），does(-s第三人稱單數(shù))2. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)：did（過(guò)去時(shí)）3. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)： am/ is/ are +V-ing 4. 一般將來(lái)時(shí)： + do(動(dòng)詞原型）5. 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)： / + V-ing6. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)： / +done(動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞）7. 過(guò)去完成時(shí)： +done8. 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)： / + + V-ing 語(yǔ)態(tài)：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) be + done 。 助動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 does/ can/ could/ may/ might/ should 。 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞， ， 和 等。 詞義辨析誤 She laid down and soon fell asleep.lay (放) laid， laid， laying (及物動(dòng)詞) lie (躺) lay， lain， lying (不及物動(dòng)詞) lie (說(shuō)謊) lied， lied， lyingAndrew Engel was completely confused. Just days into his freshman year at Rutgers University, he was sitting in Sociology 101, listening to _16_ students have a discussion. He had no idea _17_ they were talking about. He had done his homework, paid attention to lectures and taken notes, but nothing was familiar. “Everyone is so much _18_(smart) than I am,” he thought. It was a foreign feeling, as hed always been a good student and _19_(graduate) from high school with a 3.9 GPA.The rest of his day progressed like an episode of The Twilight Zone. He got _20_(lose), again, on his way to the cafeteria, even though hed been there a few hours earlier. Back at his dorm, he greeted his roommate with a Hi, hows it going? all the while thinking, “What is his name again?”He was acting _21_ a person with Alzheimers disease（阿爾茨海默氏病，即老年癡呆?。? _22_ he was only 17. By the end of September, hed dropped a class and was studying with _23_ tutor, yet he was still struggling. He decided he had no _24_(choose) but to drop out, telling his _25_(puzzle) parents he wasnt cut out for college.英語(yǔ)作文串聯(lián)詞1.順序詞開(kāi)始陳述（第一，首先） to start with， to begin with， in the first place，above all “另外, 還有”（第二，其次）whats more, besides, in addition, as well as 結(jié)束陳述（第三，最后）finally，lastly，in the end （進(jìn)行總結(jié)， 一般用于最后一段）In short ， In a word ，In conclusion2. 換一種方法表述 In other words , （換句話說(shuō)）3. 用于陳述事實(shí) That is to say， In fact , To tell you the truth , to be honest4. 顯示資料來(lái)源 according to 5. 可被替換的高級(jí)連詞 however, instead ，on the other hand ，on the contrary 可替換 but， therefore， otherwise ，可替換 so ，可替換 or常用連詞：表示并列的連詞： and , besides, whats more, bothand. neither nor表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系： but, while, only, or, however, though表示因果關(guān)系： for, because, then, so表示觀點(diǎn)： think, in ones opinion,列舉：for example, such as , like建議使用表順序的連接詞： first, firstly, to begin with/ to start with, the first point second, secondly, sti