英語人教版八年級(jí)下冊(cè)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)精品課件.ppt

PresentPerfectTense Presentperfecttense現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 構(gòu)成 用法一 表示過去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)這一時(shí)態(tài)強(qiáng)調(diào)是過去動(dòng)作與現(xiàn)在的聯(lián)系 也就是強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在的影響和結(jié)果 have has 過去分詞 1 都表示過去發(fā)生的事2 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過去和現(xiàn)在的聯(lián)系 不能和具體的時(shí)間狀語連用 3 一般過去時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過去發(fā)生的事或狀態(tài)與表示過去的具體時(shí)間連用 last ago yesterday etc present past Ihavelivedherefortwoyears Ilivedthere2yearsago 常用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間副詞 介詞 already 已經(jīng) 用于肯定句yet 已經(jīng) 用于否定句一般疑問 句末 just 謂語動(dòng)詞之前 剛剛 ever 曾經(jīng) 疑問句 never 從不 Ihaveneverseenhim before 以前 Haveyouseenthefilmbefore in duringthepastseveraldays weeks years 在過去的 recently 最近 Ihavenotwrittentomyparentsrecently sofarbynow 到目前為止 Sofarshehaslearned5Englishsongs bynow sofar uptonow 到目前為止 allone slife once twice thismorning month year 今天早上 這個(gè)月 今年 Exercises 1 I have lunchalready 2 Hasthetrain arrive yet 3 Tome never beto China 4 Thetwin just see myfather 5 Thetwins see myfatherjustnow 6 Manytallbuildings build inthepast5years havehad arrived has beento has seen saw havebeenbuilt 用法二 表示過去已經(jīng)開始 持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài) 也可以表示一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并可能還將持續(xù)下去 A動(dòng)詞使用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞 B和表時(shí)間段的時(shí)間狀語連用 常與for或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間連用sofar upto tillnow inthelast past 一段時(shí)間 allone slife bynow thesedays fortwoyears since1984 sincehecamehereIhaven tseenherthesedays ShehaslearntEnglishfor3years since3yearsago Theyhavelivedheresince1990 WhathashappenedtotheUSAinthelast350years 注意 1 since 一段時(shí)間 ago for 時(shí)間段 sincetwoweeksago fortwoweeks Ihavekeptthelibrarybookforaweek Ihavekeptthelibrarybooksinceaweekago 2 since 時(shí)間點(diǎn) for 時(shí)間段since2000 for years 3 since 從句 常用一般過去時(shí) TheGreenshavelivedinBeijingsincetheymovedtoBeijingfromParis 4 Itis hasbeen 一段時(shí)間 since從句 自從某事發(fā)生已有一段時(shí)間了 Itis hasbeentwoyearssincemybrotherjoinedthearmy for和since的運(yùn)用for 經(jīng)歷 時(shí)間段 since 自從 以來 for 時(shí)間段since 時(shí)間段 agosince 時(shí)間點(diǎn)since 從句 1 Hehasstayedherefor3hours 2 Hehasstayedheresince3hoursago 3 Hehasstayedheresince3o clock 4 HehastaughtEnglishsincehecamehere 練一練 用for和since填空 threehours threeo clock twodays yesterdayafternoon Icamehere lastSunday aweek alongtime 1997 twoweeks threeyearsago lastmonth for since for since since since for for since for since since 用for或since填空 1 JillhasbeeninIreland Monday 2 JillhasbeeninIreland threedays 3 MyaunthaslivedinAustralia 15days 4 Margaretisinheroffice Shehasbeenthere 7o clock 5 Indiahasbeenanindependentcountry 1974 6 Thebusislate We vebeenwaiting 20minutes 7 Nobodylivesinthosehouses Theyhavebeenemptymanyyears 8 Mikehasbeenill alongtime Hehasbeeninhospital October9 It stenyears wemeteachotherlasttime 10 HehastaughtEnglish 25years 11 TheGreenshavelivedonthefarm 1990 12 Theyhavebeenpracticingtheguitar twohours 13 Howlonghaveyoubeenareporter 8yearsago 14 Ihaven tgoneforawalkinthepark alongtime 15 He sbeencollectingstamps hewasinprimaryschool 16 Peterhasbeentosummercamp 3times 注意點(diǎn)一 since的用法1 具體的過去時(shí)間since2008sincesincelastSunday agosincetwoyearsago 句子 過去時(shí) 2 Itis hasbeen 一段時(shí)間 since從句 自從某事發(fā)生已有一段時(shí)間了 Itis hasbeentwoyearssincemybrotherjoinedthearmy 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞分為 1 瞬間動(dòng)詞2 延續(xù)動(dòng)詞 瞬間動(dòng)詞 注意 瞬間動(dòng)詞不能和時(shí)間段連用 常見非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的轉(zhuǎn)變 arrive come gotodiebecomeaborrowLeave movebuyopenjoinstart beginfinish endcatchacoldgetupgettoknowgetoutclosewakeupgotosleepbecomeinterestedin bein bedead have keep beaway beout bea bein amemberof beopen beon beover haveacold beup know beout beclosed beawake beasleep sleep beinterestedin 巧記瞬間性動(dòng)詞的轉(zhuǎn)換 開始離去借來還 出生入死買到家 穿衣入睡要感冒 開開關(guān)關(guān)變結(jié)束 結(jié)束性動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換為以下延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或者表示可以延續(xù)的狀態(tài)的短語 arriveat insp getto reachsp come go movetosp beinsp atschool athome onthefarm behere bethereHegottoBeijingfiveminutesago HeBeijingfor 2 ImovedtotheUSAin2008 ItheUSAsince 3 Iwenthomeyesterday Ihomefor 4 Theycameherelastweek They heresince cometo gobackto returnto bebacktogoout beoutHecameouttwoyearsago He for 2 WereturntoBeijingyesterday We toBeijingsince become beIbecameateacherin2000 I ateacherfor 2 Theriverbecamedirtylastyear Theriver dirtyfor close beclosedopen beopenTheshopclosedtwohoursago Theshop for 2 Thedooropenedatsixinthemorning Thedoor forsixhours getup beup die bedead leavesp beawayfromsp fallasleep gettotsleep beasleep finish end beover marry bemarried 1 Igotuptwohoursago I since 2 HeleftShanghaijustnow He Shanghaiforfiveminutes 3 Mygrandpadiedin2002 Mygrandpa for 4 Themeetingfinishedatsix Themeeting forsixhours 5 Igottosleeptwohoursago I since 6 Theymarriedin1990 They since start begintodosth dosth begin beon1 Ibegantoteachatthisschoolin1995 I atthisschoolsince 2 Thefilmbegantwominutesago Thefilm for borrow keep lose nothave buy have puton wearcatch getacold haveacold gettoknow know1 Theyborroweditlastweek They itsince 2 Iboughtapentwohoursago I apenfor 3 Igottoknowhimlastyear I himsince 4 Iputonmyglassesthreeyearsago I myglassesfor have hasgoneto havebeeninHehasgonetoBeijing He Beijingfortwodays jointheleague theParty thearmy bealeaguemember aPartymember asoldier beamemberoftheleague theParty beintheleague theParty thearmy1 Hejoinedtheleaguein2002 He a fortwoyears He a the fortwoyears He theleaguefortwoyears 2 Mybrotherjoinedthearmytwoyearsago Mybrother a for Mybrother in fortwoyears Exercises Hisfatherhasdied for2years Thefootballmatchhasbegun since9 00a m Thetwinshavejoinedthearmy sincetheyare18yearsold MyteacherhasjustleftNanjing for3days Hisfatherhasbeendeadfor2years Thefootballmatchhasbeenonsince9 00a m Thetwinshavebeensoldiers beeninthearmysincetheyare18yearsold MyteacherhasbeenawayfromNanjingfor3days 重點(diǎn)句型 Itis hasbeen 段時(shí)間 since從句段時(shí)間 haspassed since從句 eg 他死了兩年了 Hediedtwoyearsago Hehasbeendeadfortwoyears sincetwoyearsagoItis hasbeentwoyearssincehedied Twoyearshaspassedsincehedied 1 這本書我借了一個(gè)月了 Iborrowedthisbookamonthago Itis hasbeenamonthsinceIborrowedthebook Ihavekeptthebookforamonth sinceamonthago AmonthhaspassedsinceIborrowedthebook Have hasgonetohave hasbeentohave hasbeenin have hasgoneto 已經(jīng)去了或在途中 還沒有返回 have hasbeento 曾今去過某地 現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來了 后面可接表示 次數(shù) 的狀語 have hasbeenin 表示某人 已在某地停留一段時(shí)間 現(xiàn)仍在那里 其后常帶表示一段時(shí)間的狀語 have hasbeento和have hasgoneto的用法區(qū)別 1 Have hasbeento 地名 表示曾經(jīng)去過某地 說話時(shí)已經(jīng)回到說話地點(diǎn) 常與once twice ever never等時(shí)間連用 2 have hasgoneto 地名 表示去某地了 現(xiàn)在沒有回答 人不在說話地點(diǎn) 巧記 beento goneto意不同 兩者用法要記清 havebeento 地名 曾經(jīng)到過某地行 havegoneto 地點(diǎn) 到某地去了一走遠(yuǎn) 用have hasbeento和have hasgoneto填空 Hi Lucy youeverBeijing No I Whataboutyoursister Lily Oh sheChengdu shewillcomebacknextweek Ok thanks You rewelcome havebeento haven t hasgoneto 用法四 MyparentstheGreatWalltwice youeverXiamen 3 HowlongPeterthepark 4 Mysistertheshop Shewillbebackintwohours 5 SheShanghai Sheisn there 6 SheShanghaifortwoyears hasgoneto havebeento Have beento has beenin hasgoneto hasbeenin 練一練 用havebeento havebeenin havegoneto填空 Exercises Tom在哪兒 他去書店買書了 我在北京待了5年了 Jack去過上海兩次了 WhereisTom Hehasgonetothebookshoptobuysomebooks IhavebeeninBeijingfor5years JackhasbeentoShanghaitwice Correcting 1 Ihaveborrowedthebookfor3months 2 Mybotherhasjoinedthearmysincehewas18 3 JackandTomhavelivedheresinc