with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)精編.doc

with 復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的用法一 with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的作用/句法功能:with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),1在句中表示狀態(tài),或說明情況,常作表示方式、原因、伴隨、條件等狀語。2. 作定語。最主要的還是作狀語。例如： a. Anyone with its eyes on his head can see its exactly like a rope. (定語) b. The soldier had him stand with his back to his father.(狀語) c. With all homework finished, the boy began to surf Internet. (狀語)二.With復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的常見形式 1. + 名詞/代詞 + 介詞短語 例如： a. The teacher came into the classroom with a book under his arm. b. The baby likes sleeping with his head on his arm. 2. with +名詞/代詞 + 形容詞 例如: a. Toms father is used to sleep with the window open. b. The girl ran into the room with her nose red because it was too cold outside. 3. with + 名詞/代詞 + 副詞 例如: a. The square looks more beautiful than even with all the light on. b. Mr. Black left his office with the air-conditioner off. 4. with + 名詞/代詞 + doing ，此結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)調(diào)名詞是-ing分詞的動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者或某動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)正在進(jìn)行。 例如: a. He felt more uneasy with the whole class staring at him. b. With spring coming on, trees turn green. 5. with + 名詞/代詞 + done , 在此結(jié)合中，過去分詞和賓語是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成。 例如：a. With this problem solved, the medicine is now in regular production. b. Everyone should go to sleep with the light turned off. 6. with + 名詞、代詞 + to do ，此結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式和賓語是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，表示動(dòng)作還未發(fā)生。 例如：a. So in the afternoon, with nothing to do, I went on a round of the bookshops. b. With a lot of homework to do tonight, I had to refuse his invitation.【高考鏈接】 with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，常出現(xiàn)在語法填空題中，尤其是with+ 名詞/代詞 + doing/done的形式,?？即私Y(jié)構(gòu)中非謂語動(dòng)詞的使用. 例如:1.(NMET.2000) _ production up by 60 % , the company has had another excellent year. A. As B. For C. With D. Through 解析 答案 C。本題考查介詞with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)“with + n / pron.+ prep. phrase”的用法?！癮s”作為連詞，意為“因?yàn)?、由于”，其后必須跟從句；作為介詞，意為“作為”，從語法和句意方面都不能用。而for和through在這里從語法和句意方面也不能用。在這里應(yīng)用with，意思是“因?yàn)?、由于”?句意是：由于生產(chǎn)（產(chǎn)品）上升了60% ，這家公司又有了一個(gè)輝煌年。 2.(Beijing. 2004) _two exams to worry about , I have to work really hard this weekend. A. Besides B. With C. As for D. Because of 解析 答案 B.這道題也是考查介詞with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)用法的。從句子的結(jié)構(gòu)看這里必須要填一個(gè)介詞，而不能填連詞，“as for” 意思是“至于、關(guān)于”；because of意思是“由于、因?yàn)椤保浜蟛荒芨鷱?fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，所以不能選擇C和D。在所給的選項(xiàng)中只有with才符合構(gòu)成“ with + n / pron.+ to do ”結(jié)構(gòu)。句意是：由于擔(dān)心這兩門考試，本周末我得真的用功了。 3. When mother went into the house, she found her baby was sleeping in bed, _ his lips moving. A. as B. with C. for D. through 解析 答案 B。 該題是考查介詞短語用作狀語用法的?！癮s”作為連詞，意為“因?yàn)椤⒂捎凇?，其后必須跟從句；作為介詞，意為“作為”，從語法和句意方面都不符合；而for和through在這里從語法和句意方面也不能用。在所給的選項(xiàng)當(dāng)中，只有with才可以構(gòu)成這一復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，用作表示伴隨情況的狀語，故選B。句意是：當(dāng)媽媽走進(jìn)房子的時(shí)候，她發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的孩子正睡在床上，嘴唇一直在動(dòng)。 4. -You should have prepared your speech for the meeting , Mrs Smith . -Yes, I know .But how could I _the meeting date fixed so soon . A. while B. as C. after D. with 解析 答案：D。在所給的選項(xiàng)當(dāng)中，只有as與with有“由于、因?yàn)椤?之意，而as是連詞，其后必須跟從句，所以不能用在這里。只有with符合這一用法，構(gòu)成復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，用作表示原因的狀語，代詞I之后省略了動(dòng)詞prepare。句意是：因?yàn)闀?huì)議日期確定的太快了，我還沒有準(zhǔn)備好?！緦?shí)戰(zhàn)演練】I. 用所給動(dòng)詞的形式或恰當(dāng)?shù)母痹~填空。1. Her parents went out for work with the children _(stay)alone at home.2. With the computer _(開著), my brother went to answered the telephone.3. With the door _(lock), I went downstairs and rode my bike to school.4. The workers held a celebration in the workshop with all the tasks _(complete).5. With the lights_(burning), they left the office together. 6. Mum went on to cook the meal for us with the clothes _(wash).7. Without me _(help) , he could not finish the work.8. The teacher explained it once more with some students _(misunderstand)it.9. With the sun _(rise), the Aryes Rock becomes bright red and looks splendid.10. The weather gets colder and colder with winter _(approach).11. With some old people _(cheat), the police began to investigate the case. 12. The floods broke out in Maoming with the heavy rain _(continue).13. More and more people know about the truth with the news _(report) again and again. 14. With the family income _(increase), a good many families can afford a car.15. The students kept silent with the professor _(come) into the lecture hall.16. With the city area _(enlarge), the farming land is becoming less and less. 17. With so much housework _(do), I wont go to see the film with them.18. With the meal _(完)，we all went home. 19. With the boy _(lead) the way, we found the house easily. 20. With the boy_(lead) the way，we will find the house easily tomorrow.21. He lay on the bed with the bedroom door _(shut) 22. A little boy with two of his front teeth _(miss) ran into the house.23. From space the earth looks like a huge water-covered globe with a few patches of land _(stick) out above the water.24. With nothing _(do), I go to the bookshop in the afternoon. 25. I cant go out without all these dishes _(wash)26. With the trees _(grow) tall, we get more shades. 27. The great writer passed away with his works _( unfinish).28. With the train _(come), they formed a line. 29. We felt relieved with the problem _(work) out. 30. With all the tickets _(sell) out , he went away disappointed. 【實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練】II. 用with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)補(bǔ)全句子。1. The road is beautiful, _（到處種著花和樹）。2. _(她的晚飯吃完), she went to the cinema. 3. _（他的作業(yè)寫完）, he went and watched the game. 4. _(他的腿受傷), he had to be sent the hospital.5. He lay in bed, _(蒙著頭).6. _(有兩個(gè)測(cè)驗(yàn)要擔(dān)心), I have to study hard on this weekend. 7. I cant go on holiday, _(媽媽病了)8. _( 寫完作業(yè)), the boy went swimming. 9. _(吃完早飯), I carried my bag and went to school. 10. He watched the screen, _(張著嘴11. _(一切準(zhǔn)備就緒), we started to work. 12. In summer we often sleep _(開著窗).13. _(地板又濕又滑),we had to wait outside the classroom.14. Dont speak _(滿嘴食物時(shí)).15. The king was walking in the street, _(一絲不掛).16. The naughty boy stood before the teacher, _(低著頭).17. He came out, _(手里拿著把雨傘).18. The guard stood attention,_(肩上扛著槍).19. She said goodbye _(滿眼淚水).20. He came out of the library, _(腋下夾著一本大書).【實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練】III. 合結(jié)構(gòu)翻譯下列句子。1. 每天都有很多作業(yè)要做，高三的學(xué)生不得不熬夜，這嚴(yán)重危害了他們的健康。_2隨著香山的楓葉變紅，秋季是游覽北京