情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法小結(jié).docVIP

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法小結(jié)華坪一中教師：周志松摘要：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法早在初中英語(yǔ)教材里出現(xiàn)過(guò)，一直到高中階段的高考復(fù)習(xí)，歷來(lái)都是廣大師生最頭疼的一大難題。 現(xiàn)結(jié)合本人多年來(lái)的教學(xué)體會(huì)以及該語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目出現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)行初高中教材的先后順序，將這一語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目以課案的形式歸納總結(jié)如下，供大家參考，歡迎商榷指正。關(guān)鍵詞：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、命令、請(qǐng)求、復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)課題：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法歸納總結(jié)(第一課時(shí))教學(xué)目標(biāo): 通過(guò)本節(jié)課的歸納復(fù)習(xí)讓大家對(duì)初中階段所學(xué)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法有一個(gè)全面的了解， 為高中階段的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞學(xué)習(xí)做好鋪墊。課時(shí)：一節(jié)課教學(xué)難點(diǎn)：1、can , may could情態(tài)動(dòng)詞等表示請(qǐng)求、允許、許可等含義的用法。2、must、have to的用法。3、may 對(duì)現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)事情做簡(jiǎn)單的推測(cè)判斷。教學(xué)重點(diǎn)：1、must與have to表示必須、不得不等含義的用法。2、can 、 could、 be able to表示能力的用法。3、can 、may 、 could、 will、 would等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞等表示請(qǐng)求、允許、許可等含義的用法。4、must、 may 對(duì)現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)事情做簡(jiǎn)單的推測(cè)判斷。5、適當(dāng)?shù)木毩?xí)。教學(xué)步驟：第一步： 組織教學(xué)、說(shuō)明本節(jié)課的教學(xué)內(nèi)容（略）第二步：引導(dǎo)學(xué)生自主歸納總結(jié)知識(shí)點(diǎn)，老師幫助學(xué)生整理并書(shū)寫(xiě)在黑板上。1、can、 could、be able to表示能力的用法Can 表示能夠時(shí)與短語(yǔ)be able to 意思相同，只表示現(xiàn)在和將來(lái)，可用于各種句式。例如：例1、-Can you make a cake?-Yes, I can, its easy -No, I cant, Its too hard.例2、I can lift this stone. 例3、I can not promise you any thing例4、We can discuss your paper after lunch.Be able to 則可以用于各種時(shí)態(tài)，如需強(qiáng)調(diào)將來(lái)時(shí)間時(shí)， 則多用shall/will be able to，單純敘述過(guò)去事實(shí)時(shí)，最好用was或were able to。例如：例5、I shall be able to earn my living soon.例6、He says he ll be able to be home for Christmas.例7、I was able to help you yesterday.例8、They were able to catch the train to Beijing if they got up on time.Could主要指過(guò)去。例如：例9、I said I could go .例10、I could read books when I was four.2、must與have to表示必須、不得不等含義的用法Must表示說(shuō)話(huà)人的主觀愿望或看法，要求對(duì)方必須做某件事或者怎么樣，多用于肯定句或問(wèn)句， 否定回答用neednt或dont/doesnt have to，不能用mustnt 。例如：例1、You must bring your home work here tomorrow morning.例2、We must obey the rules of the school.例3、-Must I finish my homework before I go home?-Yes, you must. -No, You neednt-No, you dont have to.（ (因?yàn)閙ustnt意思是禁止、不準(zhǔn)，不符意境。)Have to 則表示表示客觀的義務(wù)或需要， 可用于各種句式和時(shí)態(tài)。 例如：例3、She knew what she had to do.例4、Do I have to take care of these young tree?例5、He doesnt have to be early so early.3、can 、may 、 could、 will、 would等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞等表示請(qǐng)求、允許、許可等含義的用法。在疑問(wèn)句中表請(qǐng)求對(duì)方允許時(shí)，多用can和may ，有時(shí)也用could，但語(yǔ)氣較can更委婉, 肯定回答一般多不用，以避免語(yǔ)氣生硬，而用比較委婉的說(shuō)法來(lái)回答。否定回答多用cant，為了加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣時(shí)可用mustnt，一般不用may not。例如：例1、-May/can I come in?-Yes, of course. Yes, please. -No, you cant. No, you mustnt例2、-May/Can/could I use your dictionary?-Yes, of course, here you. -Sorry, Im afraid you cant, Im using it.例3、-Could I smoke here?-Yes, please. -No, you mustnt.在肯定句中和可以互換。例如：例4、You can/may go now.例5、Everybody can/may have a good rest after work.Will、 would在疑問(wèn)句中用于第二人稱(chēng)，表示說(shuō)話(huà)人相對(duì)方提出請(qǐng)求或征詢(xún)對(duì)方的意愿，would比will更加語(yǔ)氣委婉。例如：例4、Will /Would you please help me carry this heavy box?例5、Would you like some tea, please?例6、Will/would you like to go with me?4、must、 may 對(duì)現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)事情做簡(jiǎn)單的推測(cè)判斷。must在肯定句中可以表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的情況進(jìn)行推測(cè)、判斷，有一定或必定的意思。例如：例1、-Whose new bike is this?-It must be Li Mings, his father bought him a new bike.例2、-Who is that?-It must be Miss Gao, she says she is going to come this afternoon.例3、-Wholl give us a talk on computer?-it must be Chen Bing, he is very good at computer.May 用語(yǔ)肯定句和否定句中，對(duì)現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的情況進(jìn)行推測(cè)、判斷，有或許、可能的意思，相當(dāng)于possible、probable、maybe。例如：例4、They may be at the library now例5、We may go for trip in Landon next year.例6、That man may not be your English teacher, There are several ladies in black dress in our school.例7、He may not know about it.例8、She may come soon.第三步：作業(yè)鞏固練習(xí)1- May I put my bike here? - No, you _ . You should put it over there. A. couldnt B. neednt C. mustnt D. wont2. You _ take your textbooks and notebook to the classroom when you have your mid-term examination. A. cant B. mustnt C. maynt D. dont3. - _ I go to the teachers office now? - No, you _ . A. Must; mustnt B. May; neednt C. Must; dont have to D. May; dont用恰當(dāng)?shù)那閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞填空1. You _ (not)eat bad food. 2. -_ I leave home now? -No, you _ have breakfast first.3._ they sing a song in English? No, they _.They _ sing in Chinese. 4. - What time _ I go there?-You _ go there at half past one and you _ be late.5. You _ buy a ticket, then you _ go to the cinema.6. - _ you tell me the way to the station? - Sorry, I dont know. Ask the policeman .He _ know.7. Excuse me. _ I borrow your ruler?課后預(yù)習(xí)：課后安排同學(xué)們預(yù)習(xí)高一英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)(SEFC,1B) 13單元語(yǔ)法部分情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should 、had better 、ought to 以及隨后就要學(xué)習(xí)的14第單元語(yǔ)法部分情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 must、 have to、 have got to等相關(guān)內(nèi)容。四步：教學(xué)后記：1、 本節(jié)課從教學(xué)內(nèi)容上看