英語人教版八年級下冊8B第三課時Grammar Focus.docx

8B Unit 10 Ive had this bike for three years.Period 3 Section A (Grammar Focus-4c) By Jin Xuedong From Lantian Middle School, Luzhou【學習目標】 知識目標： 掌握現(xiàn)在完成時的用法 能力目標： 正確區(qū)分現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時正確運用for 和since的用法 情感目標： 正確處理并充分利用自己的廢舊物品。教學重點：現(xiàn)在完成時的常見用法教學難點：現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時的區(qū)別 for與since教學輔助：ppt課件【教學過程】Step 1 Warming-up Ss translate some sentences containing present perfect tense.1. 愛麗絲已經(jīng)看完小婦人了。 Alice has already finished reading Little Women.2. 我吃過午飯了，我是半小時以前吃的。 I have had lunch. I had it half an hour ago.3. 電影已經(jīng)開始十分鐘了。 The film has been on for ten minutes.4. 你去過成都嗎？是的，我去過兩次。 Have you ever been to Cnengdu? Yes, Ive been there twice.5. 他從五歲起就開始學習彈鋼琴。He has learned to play the piano since he was five. Step 2 Group study 1. Ss discuss in groups and find out some facts about present perfect tense.2. Collect Ss ideas about the target language.3. Study grammar with the whole class.現(xiàn)在完成時的用法一、表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。 常與already, never, ever, just, yet, before連用。如： 1. 我已經(jīng)看完愛麗絲漫游仙境了。 I have already read Alice in Wonderland.2. 他還沒參觀過長城。 He hasnt visited the Great Wall yet.3. 勞拉以前騎過馬。 Laura has ridden a horse before.4. 我從來沒看到過這么漂亮的地方。 I have never seen such a beautiful place.二、表示從過去開始且一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或保存的狀態(tài)。常與for或since連用。 for +（動作或狀態(tài)延續(xù)的）時段 肯定句中只能用延續(xù)性動詞 since +（動作或狀態(tài)開始的）起點否定句中可以用非延續(xù)性動詞1. 我們學習英語兩年了。 We have studied English for two years.2. 我自從2010年起就沒看見過我的朋友麗薩了。 I havent seen my friend Lisa since 2010.3. 他們已經(jīng)離開五天了。 They have been away for five days. 注意：v 二者引出的時間狀語往往用 how long提問。How long have you had this book? 這本書你買多久了?For a week./Since a week ago. 買一周了。We have studied English for two years. （對劃線部分提問）How long have you studied English? v 非延續(xù)性動詞和延續(xù)性動詞的轉(zhuǎn)換leave be away borrow keepbuy have begin/start be ondie be dead finish be overbecome bejoin be in +組織機構(gòu) /be a member of 組織機構(gòu) go there be therecome back be back fall asleep be asleepget to/arrive/reach be (in) fall ill be illget upbe upcome here be here get to know knowcatch a cold have a coldget married be married三、have/ has been to 去過某地（回來了） have/ has gone to 去了某地（不在本地） have/ has been in 在某地一段時間了 1. 我以前去過北京三次。 I have been to Beijing three times before.2. 那人不可能是王老師，他去西安了。 That man cant be Mr. Wang. He has gone to Xian.3. 勞拉是去年夏天到瀘州的。她在瀘州已經(jīng)八個月了。 Laura came to Luzhou last summer. She has been in Luzhou for eight months. 現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時的區(qū)別：現(xiàn)在完成時：表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過去開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或保存的狀態(tài)，強調(diào)的是現(xiàn)在的情況，不能和表示過去的時間狀語連用（如：in 1990，last Sunday 等）。一般過去時：一般過去時只表示過去的動作或狀態(tài)，和現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生關(guān)系（即動作或狀態(tài)在現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)結(jié)束），強調(diào)動作發(fā)生的時間，可以和表示過去的時間狀語連用。Step 3 Grammar Focus Ss read aloud and try to recite Grammar Focus. Have a competition after several minutes.Step 4 Deal with 4a and 4b.Step 5 Pairwork Fill in the questions and ask two students. Then complete the chart.1. Make a sample with a student:-Do you have an English-Chinese dictionary?-Yes, I do.-How long have you had it?-Ive had it for a year.2. Ss work in pairs3. Share.【當堂檢測】一、選擇for或since填空： 1. I have been here _five months ago.2. He has been a soldier _ about two months.3. Great changes have taken place _ you left.4. His grandpa has been dead _ ten years.5. I have studied English _ I was 12 years old.6. It is two years _ I became a junior high student.二、同義句轉(zhuǎn)換，每空一詞。1. His father died three years ago.His father _ for three years.2. You are too late. The film began half an hour ago.You are too late. The film _ since half an hour ago.3. They came to this school in 2005.They _ this school for