2018高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)構(gòu)想U(xiǎn)nit24Society課時(shí)作業(yè)北師大版.docx

Unit 24Society一、單元跟蹤過(guò)關(guān).單句語(yǔ)法填空1What if we move the couch over there? Dont you think the room will look larger?2With the announcement, the principle made it clear when and where the graduation party would be held.3He likes to show off how well he speaks French.4As to fitness, my doctor advised me to_jog (jog) every morning while my coach advised swimming (swim)5He knocked his opponent down/over three times in the first round.6His wife died and he resigned himself to_living (live) alone.7Dont let yourself be cast down by a small failure in the experiment; try again.8Increasing numbers of people elect to_work (work) from home nowadays.9She ought to have_attended (attend) your birthday party, but she had to look after her mother in hospital.10He was sentenced to three years in prison because of family violence.單句改錯(cuò)1His aunt now serves at a church where was built more than 100 years ago.wherethat/which2Actually, Id love to see the touching film the second time.thea3The water was felt cool when I jumped into the pool for morning exercise.將was刪除4Stay away from the house which roof was seriously damaged in the hurricane.whichwhose5My cousin offered to serve my interpreter during my stay in the United States.serve后加上as6I was going along the street looking for a place to park while the accident occurred.whilewhen7She introduced to me some popular websites that people can sell goods to each other.thatwhere8Stood on the platform, I waved my parents goodbye until the train was finally out of sight.StoodStanding9Local citizens lined up in front of hospitals to donate blood for people injuring in the accident.injuringinjured10Women drinking more than two cups of coffee a day have a great chance of having heart disease than those who dont.greatgreater.完成句子1她負(fù)責(zé)整個(gè)計(jì)劃的組織工作。She undertook the organization of the whole scheme.2科學(xué)家們說(shuō)，他們?cè)诜乐伟┌Y方面開(kāi)始有所突破。Scientists say they are beginning to break_through in the fight against cancer.3應(yīng)該是孩子們睡覺(jué)的時(shí)候了。It is high time that the children should_go to bed.4我們只好離開(kāi)國(guó)家了。We must resign ourselves to leaving the country.5他們對(duì)仇敵無(wú)憐憫之意。They showed_little_mercy_to their enemies.二、高考模擬寫(xiě)作(2017遼寧質(zhì)檢)假定你是李華，你校將迎接英國(guó)學(xué)生代表團(tuán)。作為學(xué)校書(shū)法社團(tuán)的部長(zhǎng)，請(qǐng)你寫(xiě)一篇發(fā)言稿，要點(diǎn)如下：1介紹書(shū)法用具；2闡述學(xué)習(xí)書(shū)法的好處；3邀請(qǐng)英國(guó)同學(xué)參與。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；3開(kāi)頭已為你寫(xiě)好。參考詞匯：書(shū)法calligraphy；文房四寶the Four Treasures of the Study(writing brush, ink stick, paper, ink slab)Dear friends，Wed like to share our culture with you by introducing the art of Chinese calligraphy._答案：范文賞讀Dear_friends,_Wed_like_to_share_our_culture_with_you_by_introducing_the_art_of_Chinese_calligraphy.As you can see, all the Chinese characters hanging here are written with the Four Treasures of the Studywriting brush, ink stick, paper and ink slab, which enjoy a long history and a good reputation as well.For Chinese, calligraphy serves the purpose of conveying thoughts and showing the beauty of the lines.Not only is it a practical technique for writing Chinese characters, but also a unique art which can help purify our souls.Afterwards, well break into groups so that you can join us.I promise you can feel the beauty and power of writing.Please enjoy yourselves!大題巧練24Unit 24Society授課提示：對(duì)應(yīng)學(xué)生用書(shū)第317頁(yè)A卷一、閱讀理解AEl Nio，a Spanish term for “the Christ child，”was named by South American fishermen who noticed that the global weather pattern，which happens every two to seven years，reduced the amount of fishes caught around Christmas.El Nio sees warm water，collected over several years in the western Pacific，flow back eastwards when winds that normally blow westwards weaken，or sometimes the other way round.The weather effects，both good and bad，are felt in many places.Rich countries gain more from powerful Nios，on balance，than they lose.A study found that a strong Nio in 199798 helped Americas economy grow by $15 billion，partly because of better agricultural harvests：farmers in the Midwest gained from extra rain.The total rise in agricultural incomes in rich countries is greater than the fall in poor ones.But in Indonesia extremely dry forests are in flames.A multiyear drought(干旱) in southeast Brazil is becoming worse.Though heavy rains brought about by El Nio may relieve the drought in California，they are likely to cause surface flooding and other disasters.The most recent powerful Nio，in 199798，killed around 21,000 people and caused damage worth $36 billion around the globe.But such Nios come with months of warning，and so much is known about how they happen that governments can prepare.According to the Overseas Development Institute (ODI)，however，just 12% of disasterrelief funding in the past two decades has gone on reducing risks in advance，rather than recovery and rebuilding afterwards.This is despite evidence that a dollar spent on riskreduction saves at least two on reconstruction.Simple improvements to infrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施) can reduce the spread of disease.Better sewers(下水道) make it less likely that heavy rain is followed by an outbreak of the disease of bad stomach.Stronger bridges mean villages are less likely to be left without food and medicine after floods.According to a paper in 2011 by Mr Hsiang and coauthors，civil conflict is related to El Nios harmful effectsand the poorer the country，the stronger the link.Though the relationship may not be causal，helping divided communities to prepare for disasters would at least reduce the risk that those disasters are followed by killing and wounding people.Since the poorest are least likely to make up for their losses from disasters linked to El Nio，reducing their losses needs to be the priority.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇科普說(shuō)明文，介紹了厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象的由來(lái)以及它對(duì)人們生活的影響。文章根據(jù)ODI對(duì)20年救災(zāi)資金的投向的分析，得出防災(zāi)重于救災(zāi)的結(jié)論，這也是作者寫(xiě)此文的目的。文章最后提出防止厄爾尼諾帶來(lái)次生災(zāi)害的措施。1What can we learn about El Nio in Paragraph 1?AIt is named after a South American fisherman.BIt takes place almost every year all over the world.CIt forces fishermen to stop catching fish around Christmas.DIt sees the changes of water flow direction in the ocean.答案與解析：D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)首段第一句.a Spanish term for “the Christ child，”.South American fishermen who noticed that the global weather pattern, which happens every two to seven years.可知，“厄爾尼諾”是西班牙語(yǔ)的譯音，原意是“神童”或“圣明之子”，是由很早就注意海洋與天氣的關(guān)系的南美洲的漁民命名的，所以D項(xiàng)“它能體現(xiàn)大洋中潮流方向的改變”為正確選項(xiàng)。根據(jù)首段第一句可知南美洲的漁民發(fā)現(xiàn)了這一現(xiàn)象，而非“某個(gè)漁民”，故A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；B項(xiàng)是常識(shí)性錯(cuò)誤；C項(xiàng)恰好與文章內(nèi)容相反。2What may El Nios bring about to the countries affected?AAgricultural harvests in rich countries fall.BDroughts become more harmful than floods.CRich countries gains are greater than their losses.DPoor countries suffer less from droughts economically.答案與解析：C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段第二句Rich countries gain more from powerful Nios，on balance，than they lose.可知，富裕國(guó)家因厄爾尼諾而得到的東西要比它們失去的多。由此可鎖定正確答案為C。3The data provided by ODI in Paragraph 4 suggest that _.Amore investment should go to risk reductionBgovernments of poor countries need more aidCvictims of El Nio deserve more compensationDrecovery and reconstruction should come first答案與解析：A推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段ODI提供的數(shù)據(jù)可知，在過(guò)去的20年中只有12%的救災(zāi)資金投入到提前預(yù)防方面，顯然投入比例較??；再聯(lián)系第四段最后一句.that a dollar spent on riskreduction saves at least two on reconstruction.(在預(yù)防災(zāi)害方面花一美元就能在災(zāi)后重建方面至少省兩美元)可知正確答案為A。4What is the authors purpose in writing the passage?ATo introduce El Nio and its origin.BTo explain the consequences of El Nio.CTo show ways of fighting against El Nio.DTo urge people to prepare for El Nio.答案與解析：D主旨大意題。文章從第四段ODI的數(shù)據(jù)分析和第五段如何防止厄爾尼諾帶來(lái)次生災(zāi)害這兩個(gè)方面，鼓勵(lì)人們以正向心態(tài)積極應(yīng)對(duì)厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象。A項(xiàng)與B項(xiàng)都屬范圍太??；C項(xiàng)偏離主題。厄爾尼諾本身是一種自然現(xiàn)象，人們可以研究如何利用它，而不是去違背它。B(2017江西模擬)The best family vacation that I ever had was going on a road trip to Myrtle Beach. The trip was for 2 weeks during the March break from school. This trip was probably about 20 years ago so it was before the time of things like portable video games and being able to watch movies in the back seat.So to pass the many hours of travel my brother and I had to entertain ourselves and each other. My mum would set the back seat up so that it was our own little playroom. She would pack everything up so that we had a big level area to play in.We would play cards and board games.When it got to the point where we_were_at_each_others_throats we would be sent back to our own side of the seat and would be forced to either nap or read by ourselves until we could be friendly to each other again. I can remember us playing for quite some time when we turned the back seat into a spaceship and traveled around the earth.Another time we turned it into a kitchen and had a bakeoff(食品烘烤賽). But the thing that I remember the most and that gave us many hours of enjoyment was using each others faces as silly Plasticine(普萊斯蒂辛橡皮泥) and making funny faces. We would see how far we could stretch each others mouths open, see how thin we could make the others eye by pulling on it. We would keep going until one of us begged for mercy because we had to give our faces a rest.So while I can remember us having a great time on the beach, laughing a lot trying to put the tent up in the rain, what I remember the most of that trip and what always makes me smile the most is remembering the pain that our faces would be in after the trip.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文為記敘文。作者回憶了小時(shí)候在沒(méi)有電子游戲、不能在坐車(chē)時(shí)看電影的旅途中打發(fā)時(shí)間的方式。5. What did the author do when traveling to Myrtle Beach?A. Watch movies.B. Play video games.C. Have fun with his brother.D. Pack things up to amuse himself.答案與解析：C考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。由第二段中的“to pass the many hours of travel my brother and I had to entertain ourselves and each other”可知答案。6. What does the author mean by saying “we were at each others throats” ?A. We were fighting with each other.B. We used up our skills.C. We were quite out of breath.D. We were about to fall asleep.答案與解析：A考查句意理解。下文的“.until we could be friendly to each other again”說(shuō)明畫(huà)線部分的意思應(yīng)為“互相打斗，激烈爭(zhēng)吵”。7. What impressed the author most during the trip?A. Playing cards and board games.B. Pulling each others faces and eyes.C. Having a cooking competition.D. Playing with silly Plasticine.答案與解析：B考查推理判斷。由第四段中的“But the thing that I remember the most. hours of enjoyment was using each others faces. by pulling on it”可知，旅途中作者印象最深的是和弟弟彼此拉對(duì)方的臉或者眼來(lái)做鬼臉。8. Which of the following titles would best suit the passage?A. An Unforgettable Family TravelB. What Is the Most Meaningful JourneyC. The Good Old Days Never to Be ForgottenD. How to Kill Time while Traveling in the Past答案與解析：D考查主旨要義。結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容看，本文主要談?wù)摰氖窃跊](méi)有便攜式游戲機(jī)、不能在后座看電影的情況下，作者一家去旅游時(shí)，作者在途中消遣的方式，故D項(xiàng)作本文標(biāo)題最佳。二、完形填空Looking at the checkout lines at the grocery, I quickly turned my cart to line number three. There were only two women there, and neither had kids or coupons(贈(zèng)券)! The store was my first _9_ that morning, and I had a half dozen others on my_10_ before meeting my husband for lunch.Two minutes turned into ten, and I watched as the other lines moved _11_. I moved my _12_ on the cart and dug for my wallet, trying to _13_ the cashier that it was time to get a moveon. Finally, after fifteen minutes, I took a breath and _14_. Then I heard the cashier tell the women in front of me: “And just like that, he told me what she looked like and _15_ one hundred dollars here to _16_ her groceries. He said not to worry about the _17_， just give it to charity.”The story she was _18_ had taken place in the produce department. An older man had witnessed a(n) _19_ mama in need. _20_ for foods with kids around, she was sticking to her list and _21_the items on her calculator as she went. The gentleman said he had a little _22_ on him that day, so he left one hundred dollars to _23_her groceries and, just maybe, add a little wiggle room(回旋的余地) to her _24_.After hearing about the man who had. _25_ served a fellow traveler in life, I realized that my hurry, _26_ and general worries were _27_. Whats five extra minutes in a line to hear a story of a man sharing his _28_？ Suddenly, I know I could wait.語(yǔ)篇解讀這是一篇記敘文。作者一天上午到超市購(gòu)買(mǎi)食品雜貨，因?yàn)橛胁簧倨渌乱觯谑蔷瓦x擇到只有兩個(gè)女士等候的結(jié)賬區(qū)排隊(duì)，可是卻等候了15分鐘。她很不耐煩，催促收銀員快些。后來(lái)她發(fā)現(xiàn)：原來(lái)，收銀員在和跟前的女顧客講述親眼目睹的一件感人事一位老者留意到一位經(jīng)濟(jì)困難的媽媽帶著孩子們來(lái)買(mǎi)吃的東西，難以挑選，于是就向收銀員描述了這個(gè)女士的相貌，并留下一百美元幫她付款，說(shuō)就當(dāng)捐給慈善機(jī)構(gòu)了。明白原來(lái)如此后，作者為自己的不耐煩等候而感到羞愧。9. Adelivery Bcheckout Cjourney Dstop答案與解析：D根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容可判斷，這天上午商店只是作者“停留的第一站”。delivery意為“遞送、接生”；checkout意為“結(jié)賬”；journey意為“旅行”。10. Anotebook Blist Cblessing Dadmission答案與解析：Blist意為“辦事清單”。句意：到中午和丈夫見(jiàn)面吃飯前，我的辦事單上還有六件事要做。11. Apatiently Bclearly Cquickly Dsimilarly答案與解析：C由前一分句Two minutes turned into ten(兩分鐘延長(zhǎng)到十分鐘)可知，作者此時(shí)很著急要結(jié)賬離開(kāi)，因此后一分句應(yīng)為“當(dāng)其他結(jié)賬隊(duì)伍快速移動(dòng)”，這樣構(gòu)成順承關(guān)系，以表明作者此時(shí)明顯感覺(jué)自己所在隊(duì)伍結(jié)賬實(shí)在太慢。patiently意為“耐心地”；clearly意為“清楚地”；similarly意為“類(lèi)似地”。12. Aitems BdealersCprospects Dkids答案與解析：A結(jié)合語(yǔ)境線索和生活常識(shí)，可以判斷出此時(shí)作者實(shí)在不耐煩了，在暗示收銀員該繼續(xù)給下一位顧客結(jié)賬了。句意：我翻動(dòng)購(gòu)物車(chē)上的物品，掏錢(qián)包，盡力提醒收銀員：到了繼續(xù)收銀的時(shí)候了。下文she was sticking to her list and _21_ the items on her calculator as she went也有提示，items指“商品、物品”。13. Aremind BdebateCorder Dguarantee答案與解析：A見(jiàn)上題解析。remind意為“提醒”；debate意為“辯論”；order意為“命令；訂購(gòu)”；guarantee意為“擔(dān)保；保修”。14. Alaughed Bnoticed Cappreciated Dsighed答案與解析：D由上下文可知，“十五分鐘后，終于，我深深吸了一口氣、嘆了口氣”。表示此時(shí)作者很不耐煩。15. Aleft Bmatched Ccost Dpromoted答案與解析：A由下文The gentleman said he had a little _22_ on him that day，so he left one hundred dollars to _23_ her groceries可知，這里應(yīng)是“留下一百元支付她的食品雜貨”。16. Aapply for Bpay forClook for Dmake for答案與解析：Bpay for意為“付款”；apply for意為“申請(qǐng)”；look for意為“尋找”；make for意為“走向；前往；有利于”。17. Aprivilege Bcontribution Cchange Ddecision答案與解析：C根據(jù)上句“付款購(gòu)買(mǎi)食品雜貨”，接著“捐給慈善機(jī)構(gòu)”的東西只能是錢(qián)了。句意：他說(shuō)不必?fù)?dān)心找零，捐給慈善機(jī)構(gòu)算了。18. Aadjusting Bbooking Creading Dsharing答案與解析：D根據(jù)句意可知此處只能是“她分享的故事發(fā)生在農(nóng)牧產(chǎn)品部”。19. Awelldressed BgoodlookingCwornout Deasygoing答案與解析：Cwornout意為“破舊的；不能再穿的；勞猝的”；welldressed意為“衣著考究的”；goodlooking意為“相貌好看的”；easygoing意為“隨和的；逍遙自在的；不嚴(yán)肅的”。通過(guò)in need(處于危難中的)及下文提到這個(gè)媽媽購(gòu)物時(shí)的窘迫樣(adding the items on her calculator“用計(jì)算器把商品價(jià)格相加起來(lái)”)，可知應(yīng)該是“衣衫襤褸的媽媽”。20. AWandering BShopping CPreparing DBegging答案與解析：BShopping意為“購(gòu)物”；Wandering意為“游蕩；走神”；Preparing意為“準(zhǔn)備”；Begging意為“乞討；懇求”。句意：和孩子們一起購(gòu)買(mǎi)食物時(shí)，她一直按照購(gòu)物單，并且一邊走一邊在計(jì)算器上計(jì)算所購(gòu)物品的價(jià)錢(qián)。21. Asupposing BdevelopingCadding Dpresenting答案與解析：Cadding意為“相加”；supposing意為“猜想；認(rèn)為”；developing意為“開(kāi)發(fā)；發(fā)展；發(fā)育”；presenting意為“介紹；提出；贈(zèng)送”。22. Aprinciple BtimeCextra Dquantity答案與解析：Cextra意為“額外的”；principle意為“原則”；quantity意為“數(shù)量”。根據(jù)該句邏輯意義“他身上額外有點(diǎn)錢(qián)，于是就留下一百美元幫她付食品雜貨的錢(qián)”可知答案。23. Acover BsuitCcarry Drun答案與解析：Acover意為“夠付；覆蓋；涉及”；suit意為“適宜于；相稱(chēng)”；carry意為“攜帶”；run意為“運(yùn)營(yíng)；使快速移動(dòng)”。24. Abasket Bbudget Cproperty Dresponse答案與解析：Bbudget意為“預(yù)算”；basket意為“籃子”；property意為“特性；財(cái)產(chǎn)”；response意為“反應(yīng)；回應(yīng)”。25. Ararely BquietlyCobviously Doccasionally答案與解析：Bquietly意為“靜悄悄地；安靜地”；rarely意為“很少地，罕見(jiàn)地”；obviously意為“明顯地”；occasionally意為“偶然地”。只會(huì)是“靜悄悄地給生活中的同路人提供服務(wù)”，才能顯示出在作者心中這個(gè)男士的高大和自己的猥瑣，因此選項(xiàng)B才是最佳答案。26. Aanxiety Bhappiness Cattention Deagerness答案與解析：Aanxiety意為“焦慮”；happiness意為“愉快”；attention意為“注意”；eagerness意為“渴望”。該空前hurry、空后general worries均為貶義詞，所以只有選項(xiàng)A最佳。27. Atreated BrespectedCbenefited Dmisplaced答案與解析：Dmisplace意為“放錯(cuò)地方”；treat意為“處理，治療”；respect意為“尊重”；benefit意為“使受益”。句意：聽(tīng)說(shuō)那位男士悄悄地給生活中的同路人伸出援助之手，我意識(shí)到自己的倉(cāng)促、焦慮、種種煩惱很不合時(shí)宜。28. Anotice Bmistake Ccontent Dlove答案與解析：D句意：能聽(tīng)一個(gè)人分享愛(ài)心，排隊(duì)多等五分鐘算得了什么呢？三、語(yǔ)法填空A hobby means a favourite activity _29_ a person does for pleasure in his spare time. It varies _30_ person to person and from age to age. Some people like to ski, fish, swim, raise flowers and collect stamps. _31_ like to watch football games, take pictures and play musical instruments. Hobbies can help people relax after a period of intense work _32_ provide a balance between work and rest. They can also help people improve their mental and _33_(physics) health. Sometimes hobbies can help cure sick persons.But in the old days, workers worked long hours in factories _34_(support) their families. Farmers worked in the fields from sunrise to sunset. They _35_(have) no time or money to enjoy hobbies. Nowadays, with _36_ development of science and technology, and with the improvement of living standard, people of all walks of life have more free time and leisure time for hobbies. By _37_(develop) various hobbies, many old people, especially retired people, are spending their remaining years _38_ ease and comfort.29_30._31._32_33._34._35_36._37._38_答案：語(yǔ)篇解讀文章對(duì)比了不同人群以及不同年代人們的愛(ài)好。29that考查定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞為activity，that在從句中作賓語(yǔ)。30from考查介詞。vary from. to.意為“從到不同”。31Others考查代詞。others和前面的some people對(duì)應(yīng)。32and考查連詞。連接兩個(gè)并列謂語(yǔ)。33physical考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。形容詞作定語(yǔ)修飾health。34to support考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。動(dòng)詞不定式在此處作目的狀語(yǔ)。35had考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。此處是過(guò)去的行為，因此用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式。36the考查冠詞。with the development of.意為“隨著的發(fā)展”。37developing考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。介詞之后的動(dòng)詞一般都用ing形式。38in考查介詞。in ease and comfort意為“安逸舒適地”，在此處作狀語(yǔ)。B卷一、閱讀理解A(2017福建檢測(cè))This summer I volunteered at the China Conservation and Research Center for the Giant Panda in Sichuan and had a once in a lifetime chance to get within three feet. Born and raised in America, very rarely had I ever seen a panda. I had expected this moment ever since my mother told me that we would be volunteering at the Center.When my cousin and I arrived at the Center and received our uniforms and gloves, any nervousness I had felt during the car ride quickly faded and changed into excitement. Our first task was to clean up the pandas cage. Although it