英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)資料98110.doc

UNIT 1 (P15)1.Your job as a future employee is to help the hiring manager mitigate that risk. (alleviate) 2. You need to help them identify you as a prospective “key player”. (expected) 3. Kelly was outstanding and outshone every other player on the field. (surpassed) 4. Better still, develop a reputation inside your lab and with people your lab collaborates with as a person who fosters and initiates collaborations.(originates)5. He is a former scientist who transitioned to industry many years ago and then on to a senior management position.(transferred)6. The unions mobilized thousands of workers in a protest against the cuts. (organized)7. This creates a requirement not only for people who can act quickly, but for those who can think fast with the courage to act on their convictions. (beliefs)8. His speech was made with such great ambiguity that neither supporter nor opponent could be certain of his true position. (vagueness)9. The scientist who is transitioning into the business world must prioritize his or her relationship assets above their technical assets. (advantages)10. This approach, combined with a liberal use of the pronoun “we” and not just “I” when describing your accomplishments, can change the companys perception of you from a lone wolf to a selfless collaborator. (impression)11. Im trying to foster an interest in classical music in my children. (encourage)12. A German company collaborated with a Swiss firm to develop the product. (cooperated)UNIT 2 (P46)1. Each and every restaurant provides delicious yet economical culinary fare. (food)2. Guangdong Province is located in southern China, with a moderate climate and abundant produce all year round. (mild)3. The culinary culture has exerted a far-reaching influence on other parts of China. (widespread)4. Many Chinese restaurants in China, as well as other parts of the world, serve this dish, but often the flavor is less authentic. (genuine)5. The names of Chinese dishes are diverse. (varied)6. This dish of streaky pork is prepared over a slow fire. (fatty)7. People later named it Dongpo Meat, to commemorate this gifted and generous poet. (honor)8. It is famous for leaving a lingering aftertaste in the mouth. (continuing)9. The eating process is a time to show humility and concern for others. (modesty)10. Qu Yuan drowned himself in the Miluo River after being politically wronged. (treated unjustly)UNIT 4 (P107)1. Although such a statement may seem self-centered, its actually quite insightful. (perceptive)2. Among other things, people who like themselves are more open to criticism and less demanding of others. (exacting of)3. It can be romantic, exciting, obsessive, and irrational. (compulsive)4. And, people who say they are “in love” emphasize caring, intimacy, and commitment. (fidelity)5. In any type of love, caring about the other person is essential. Although love may involve passionate yearning, respect is a more important quality. (desire)6. Instead, it is an unhealthy or possessive dependency that limits the lovers social, emotional, and intellectual growth. (jealous)7. These misconceptions often lead to unrealistic expectations, stereotypes, and disillusionment. (disenchantment)8. It means paying bills, putting out the garbage,scrubbing toilet bowls, being up all night with a sick baby, and performing myriad other “oatmeal” tasks that are not very sexy. (numerous)9. Even during the preteen years, romantic experiences are cultured in the sense that societal and group practices and expectations shape romantic experience. (form)10. Once desire diminishes, disappointed lovers may wonder where the “spark” in their relationship has gone and may reminisce regretfully (and longingly) about “the good old days”. (recall)UNIT 5 (P135)1. The speaker announced the establishment of a new college. (setup)2. He has traveled extensively in China, recording every facet of life. (aspect)3. This negative attitude is surprisingly prevalent among young boys. (common)4. At that point, the public sector deficit was estimated to be around 45 billion. (judged)5. It was claimed that some doctors were working 80 hours a week. (stated)6. Wildlife seems to flourish in the area. (grow well)7. He lives in Australia now, so we only see him very occasionally. (sometimes)8. She has been commissioned to write a new national anthem. (contracted)9. One of the most prestigious universities in the country is looking for a new president. (admired)10. He wouldnt let me reimburse him for the cost of his journey. (pay)11. Gaining confidence is a major component when developing leadership skills. (part)12. We need to be given greater flexibility in the use of resources. (ability to make changes)13. Hell never get anywhere working for himself-he lacks self-discipline. (self control)UNIT 10 (P287)1. The academy holds a highly privileged place in America society because of a long-standing national consensus about the value of education. (agreement)2. She gave a staggeringly good performance in the TV program as a police officer investigating a murder. (amazingly)3. The President expects that the research team will work together to explore the complex issues in an open and collegial manner to find a solution. (cooperative)4. A monk who lives in a monastery or temple has a relaxed and peaceful life of contemplation. (thinking)5. Iron began to supersede bronze for tool making about 3000 years ago. (replace)6. She was staring out over the lake, composing a poem in her mind. (creating)7. Not all countries appoint a poet laureate but most countries have many poets. (honored)8. We cannot predict with any accuracy how current discoveries and scholarship will influence future generations. (learning)9. We also have an obligation to ensure that the scholarly work of the academy is widely disseminated. (spread)10. It would take nearly a book in itself to explain the scope, rigor, and stress of those tests. (strictness)Unit11.The sum of $20 is due to you as a bonus.(是你應(yīng)得的獎(jiǎng)金)2. He had just received a doctorate in recognition of his contributions to psychology.(以表彰他為心理學(xué)作出的貢獻(xiàn))3. Insurance is only valuable if it serves a purpose.(達(dá)到一種目的)4. Dont worry, everything will be attended to in due course (在適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候得到處理)5. This problem should be discussed first, as it takes precedence over all the others(比其他問題都重要).6. Youve been promoted? This calls for a celebration(需要慶祝一下).7. The scholars mind thirsted for a few new books(渴望一些新書).8. I am writing to you with reference to the job opening in your department.(有關(guān)你們部門的工作機(jī)會(huì))9. Mary has a great diversity of interests(瑪麗有廣泛的興趣愛好), she like sports, travel, photography and making radio sets.10. The banks have committed themselves to boosting profits(承諾增加利潤(rùn)) by slashing costs.Unit31. Roger took painting up for a while (一時(shí)興起喜歡上了畫畫),but soon lost interest2. A stroll round the garden (在花園里轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn)) hardly qualifies as exercise.3. It seemed that he was extremely hungry because he tucked into the whole pizza quickly(狼吞虎咽地吃掉了一整個(gè)比薩餅).4.I stumbled across/on/upon an extremely simple but very exact method(偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種極為簡(jiǎn)單但準(zhǔn)確的方法) for understanding where my money went.5.It is a campaign both parties are waging with unprecedented zeal(以空前的熱情).6.We believe in the intrinsic value of every person/individual (個(gè)人的內(nèi)在價(jià)值) and strive to provide opprtunities to improve the lives of people in our community7.The formalists try to turn it into a stylistic game played off to one side of life ,as if it were no different from chess(好像和國(guó)際象棋沒有什么兩樣).8.Well probably come to visit you next week ,but _in any event well telephone you(不管怎樣，我都會(huì)給你打電話).9.This long pedestrianized street is packed with tourists(游人如織) with many others overlooking you from the fine restaurants and bars above.10.Hes mulling over the proposals(他正在仔細(xì)考量這些提議) before making any changes.Unit41.When she left me, my world just fell apart(我的世界就跨了).2.I was in a mess and there was no one to help me, so I just had to make the best of it(所以我只好做得盡量好).3. Shed married some American and settled down over there(在那里安家了).4.They are not divorced but they lead completely separated lives (他們過(guò)著完全分開的生活).5. I was steeling myself to call round(我正準(zhǔn)備打電話過(guò)去) when simon arrived.6.People often feel a sense of frustration(人們常常會(huì)有沮喪感) that they are not being promoted quickly enough.7. With the benefit of hindsight(有了后見之明的好處),its easy to say it was the wrong decision.8. We are here today to honor the men and women(我們今天在這里向的男男女女致敬)who gave their lives for their country.9. She consoled herself with the fact(她自我安慰說(shuō))that no one else had done well in the exam either.10. Many women are faced with the dilemma(很多婦女都面臨這樣的窘境)of choosing between work and family commitments.Unit71. So far as Im concerned(在我看來(lái)),some other arrangement would have been satisfactory.2. The management control process should endeavor to measure whether predetermined goals are being achieved(應(yīng)該盡量評(píng)測(cè)既定目標(biāo)是否已經(jīng)達(dá)到). 3. Whos that guy Ally has been engrossed in conversation with all night(整晚一直專注地和他交談)4. It would be unwise to draw conclusions from the results of a single survey(僅憑一次調(diào)查結(jié)果就得出結(jié)論).5. He had no friends nor acquaintances(他既沒有朋友，也沒有熟人),nor did he make any.6. Only then did she tell him about the attack(她才告訴他襲擊的事).7. Shelly, _as we had seen(正如我們所見),had met her through his uncle.8. It was only lately that he had had a family himself(他自己才成家).9. I am afraid the problems you mention are inherent in the system(你談到的這些問題是體制固有的).10. He liked young people conscientious in their work/young people who are conscientious in their.(工作認(rèn)真的年輕人).11. The teacher deviated from her custom(與以往不同)and gave out no homework. 12.If you follow that course of action,it will be at the peril of your own life / at your own peril (冒著喪失自己生命的危險(xiǎn)).13. His life had taken on a new dimension(呈現(xiàn)出一片新面貌).14.Im perfectly capable of looking after myself(能夠照顧我自己),thank you.15.The furniture is made in much the same way as it was 200 years ago(和200年前幾乎一樣的式樣).16. The lifeboat was sent out to rescue the sailors from the sinking ship(拯救沉船上的海員).17. Portugal participated in the war(葡萄牙參加了戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng))by sending an army to France.18.The difficulty is due to our ignorance(由于我們的無(wú)知造成的).Unit1“一年365天，一周7天，一天24小時(shí)，生意始終在進(jìn)行，那意味著一年365天，一周7天，一天24小時(shí)，競(jìng)爭(zhēng)也同樣在進(jìn)行，”豪特說(shuō)，Business happens 24/7/365 ,which means that competition happens 24/7/365 ,as well ,says Haut .“公司取勝的方法之一就是要更快地到達(dá)目的地。這就是說(shuō)，你不僅要把所有能支持公司快速運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的功能都調(diào)動(dòng)起來(lái)，而且還得知道如何決定目的地是哪里。One way that companies win is by getting there faster ,which means that you not only have to mobilize all of the functions that support a business to move quickly ,but you have to know how to decide where there is !這樣，不僅對(duì)那些行動(dòng)快速的人們，也對(duì)那些思維敏捷，并有勇氣按自己的想法行事的人們都提出了要求。This creates a requirement not only for people who can act quickly ,but for those who can think fast and have the courage to act on their convictions .這需要全公司各部門的運(yùn)作，而不僅僅是管理部門的工作。”This requirement needs to run throughout an organization and is not exclusive to management . Unit2Zhejiang cuisine is light and exquisite, and is typical of food from along the lower Yangtze River. One famous dish is West Lake Vinegar Fish, which looks pretty and has the delicate refreshing flavors of nature. Many Chinese restaurants in China, as well as in other parts of the world, serve this dish, but often the flavor is less authentic compared to that found in Hangzhou, capital of Zhejiang Province, which has unique access to the fish and water of West Lake.浙江菜口味清淡，精致玲瓏，是長(zhǎng)江下游區(qū)域菜肴的代表。西湖醋魚是其中的一道名菜。這道菜鮮美，酥嫩，帶著自然的清香。中國(guó)乃至世界各地的中餐館大都能找得到這道菜，但口味往往不及在浙江杭州吃得那般純正。因?yàn)橹挥泻贾輷碛衼?lái)自西湖的魚和水。 Unit3 P. L. Travers, the author of the Mary Poppins books, put it best when she wrote, You do not chop off a section of your imaginative substance and make a book specifically for children, forif you are honest you have, in fact, no idea where childhood ends and maturity begins. It is all endless and all one. There is plenty for children and adults to enjoy in Rowlings books, starting with their language. Her prose may be unadorned, but her way with naming people and things reveals a quirky and original talent. 歡樂滿人間的作者帕梅拉林登特拉弗斯概括得精辟至極。她寫到，“你不能把你想象的東西砍掉一部分然后寫成一本專給孩子看的書，坦白地說(shuō)，因?yàn)槭聦?shí)上你根本無(wú)從知道童年究竟是什么時(shí)候結(jié)束，而成人期又是什么時(shí)候開始的。它們相互連接、渾然一體?！痹诹_琳的書中，從語(yǔ)言開始，就有足夠多的讓大人和孩子都喜歡的東西。也許她文風(fēng)樸實(shí)，但是她給人和物取名的方式顯示了獨(dú)特的原創(chuàng)才能。Unit41.Much research shows that the quality of care infants receive affects how they later get along with friends, how well they do in school, how they react to new and possibly stressful situations, and how they form and maintain loving relationships as adults. It is for these reasons thatpeoples early intimate relationships within their family of origin1 are so critical. Children who are raised in impersonal environments (orphanage, some foster homes, or unloving families) show emotional and social underdevelopment, language and motor skills retardation, and mental health problems. 很多研究發(fā)現(xiàn)嬰兒獲得關(guān)愛的質(zhì)量會(huì)影響到他們以后的交友，在學(xué)校的表現(xiàn)，如何應(yīng)對(duì)陌生的或可能充滿壓力的情況，以及他們成年后如何建立并且維系情感連系。正是因?yàn)檫@些原因，人們與家庭成員的早期親密關(guān)系才如此至關(guān)重要。在人情冷漠的環(huán)境中(如孤兒院，某些寄養(yǎng)家庭，或缺乏關(guān)愛的家庭)長(zhǎng)大的孩子會(huì)出現(xiàn)情感和社會(huì)性發(fā)育不良，語(yǔ)言和運(yùn)動(dòng)技能遲緩，以及精神健康問題。 2.What attracts individuals to each other in the first place? Many people believe that theres one person out there that one is meant for and that destiny will bring them together. Such beliefs are romantic but unrealistic. Empirical studies show that cultural norms and values, not fate, bring people together We will never meet millions of potential lovers because they are filtered out by formal or informal rules on partnereligibility due to factors such as age, race, distance, Social class, religion, sexualorientation, health, or physical appearance. 一開始讓人相互吸引的是什么?許多人相信“世上有一個(gè)人是你為之而生的”，而且命運(yùn)會(huì)將你倆帶到一起。這樣的想法很浪漫卻不現(xiàn)實(shí)。實(shí)證研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，是文化標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和價(jià)值觀而非命運(yùn)，將人們連系在一起。我們錯(cuò)過(guò)了成千上萬(wàn)的可能的愛人，因?yàn)樗麄冊(cè)缇捅徽降幕蚍钦降奶暨x理想愛人的準(zhǔn)則篩選出局，這些準(zhǔn)則包括年齡、種族、地域、社會(huì)階層、宗教、性傾向、健康狀況或外表。Unit5Yoga routines can take anywhere from 20 minutes to two or more hours, with one hour being a good time investment to perform a sequence of postures and a meditation. Some yoga routines, depending on the teacher and school, can be as strenuous as the most difficult workout, and some routines merely stretch and align the body while the breath and heart rate are kept slow and steady. Yoga achieves its best results when it is practiced as a daily discipline, and yoga can be a life-long exercise routine, offering deeper and more challenging positions as a practitioner becomes more adept. The basic positions can increase a persons strength, flexibility and sense of well-being almost immediately, but it can take years to perfect and deepen them, which is an appealing and stimulating aspect of yoga for many. 做瑜伽沒有場(chǎng)地的限制，一套瑜伽動(dòng)作通常需要20分鐘到兩個(gè)小時(shí)或者更多的時(shí)間，而一個(gè)小時(shí)左右的時(shí)間則是一系列動(dòng)作和冥想的最佳選擇。根據(jù)瑜伽師和學(xué)派的不同，一些瑜伽動(dòng)作做起來(lái)辛苦異常，而另一些卻只是在呼吸和心跳平穩(wěn)的情況下調(diào)整和伸展肢體。每天練習(xí)瑜伽會(huì)達(dá)到最好的效果，隨著動(dòng)作越來(lái)越熟練，你就可以加大強(qiáng)度和難度，這樣瑜伽就能成為你相伴終生的日常鍛煉方式了。練習(xí)基礎(chǔ)的瑜伽動(dòng)作即可收到增強(qiáng)力量，改善柔韌性并使人感到舒適的效果，但要想達(dá)到完美和高深的境界還是需要日積月累的練習(xí)，這也是瑜伽吸引人的地方之一。Unit7The constancy of human nature is proverbial, as no one believes that a man can fundamentally change his nature. This is why it is so difficult for one who has acquired an unsavory reputation to re-establish himself in public confidence. People know from experience that an individual who in one year displays knavish characteristics- seldom in the next becomes any different. Nor does a thief become a trustworthy employee, or a miser a philanthropist. Nor does a man change and become a liar, coward or traitor at fifty or sixty; if he is one then, he has been one ever since his character was formed. Big criminals are first little criminals, just as giant oaks are first little acorns. 人性的恒定性是眾所周知的，因?yàn)闆]有人相信一個(gè)人能夠從根本上改變他的本性。這就是為什么一個(gè)惡名遠(yuǎn)揚(yáng)的人很難重建公眾對(duì)他的信心。人們憑經(jīng)驗(yàn)知道某一年中表現(xiàn)出無(wú)賴性格的人不太可能在第二年有任何改觀。小偷也不會(huì)變成值得信賴的員工。吝嗇鬼也不可能變成慈善家。而且，一個(gè)人不會(huì)在五六十歲的時(shí)候變成謊話精、懦夫或叛徒，如果那時(shí)候他是，那么早在他性格形成的時(shí)候他就已經(jīng)是了。大罪犯最初都是小罪犯，正如大橡樹最初都是小橡果。Unit1prioritize cite pay teamwork credit demonstrate setting adjust rule discourage pursuit employmentThe independence-versus-interdependence issue has been written about regularly and is often introduced as the major issue separating the two worlds of scientific 1)_employment_ : academic and industrial. For decades, academia has 2) _paid_lip service to the idea of collaboration, but the incentive-and-reward system has been slow to 3)_adjust_ . Despite the widespread interest in collaboration and its obvious value in an academic 4)_setting_ , collaboration remains informal and is actually 5)_discouraged_ by the tenure process, in which scholars are penalized for sharing 6)_credit_ for their work with others.Large-scale academic collaboration has taken place successfully in the past; the Manhattan Project and contemporaneous radar research, and numerous experimental particle physics projects, to 7) _cite_just a few examples, are not perhaps academic in the purest sense, but they 8)_demonstrate_ that academic scientists can play well with others. More recently, new systems biology studies are bringing a sense of 9)_teamwork_ into academic life science labs, but there have been some growing pains. Still, in most of academic scienceincluding the life sciencethe lone wolf still 10)_rules_.Unit2masterpiece integrate partake steam choiceamaze pleasure present aspire handCuisine in China is a harmonious 1) _intergation_ of color, taste, shape and fragrance. For the cooking process, chefs pick 2) _choice_ and varied ingredients and seasonings and employ the unparalleled and complicated skills 3) _handed_ down from their fathers, always 4) _aspiring_ to their ideal of perfection for all the senses. Among the many cooking methods they use are boiling, stewing, braising, frying, 5) _steaming_ , crisping, baking, simmering.When they finish their 6) _masterpieces_ they are arranged on a variety of plates and dishes s