2018高三英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)板塊一語(yǔ)法與高考專題一基礎(chǔ)語(yǔ)法應(yīng)用7定語(yǔ)從句和名詞性從句.docx

定語(yǔ)從句和名詞性從句.語(yǔ)法填空1When Elias met Mandela，the black people were in a situation _they were treated badly.解析該句中先行詞為situation，關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)，可還原為they were treated badly in the situation，表示“情況”，屬于“空間性的概念”，故使用關(guān)系副詞where。答案where2The reason _he refused to attend the meeting was that they didnt give him an invitation earlier.解析該句中關(guān)系詞指代先行詞the reason并在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)，可還原為he refused to attend the meeting for the reason，表示“原因”，故使用關(guān)系副詞why。答案why3How many students are there in your class _homes are in the countryside?解析先行詞為students，定語(yǔ)從句 _homes are in the countryside中缺少homes的定語(yǔ)，還原為the students homes are in the countryside，表示所屬關(guān)系，故使用關(guān)系代詞whose。答案whose4The characters and events _the author described in his book are very interesting.解析該句中關(guān)系詞指代先行詞The characters and events，并在定語(yǔ)從句中作describe的賓語(yǔ)，可還原為the author described the characters and events in his book；且先行詞中既有人也有物，故只能使用關(guān)系代詞that。 答案that5The buses，most of _were already full，were surrounded by an angry crowd.解析該句中the buses為先行詞，根據(jù)句意“大多數(shù)的公共汽車都滿了”此句缺少介詞of的賓語(yǔ)，故應(yīng)為which。答案which6Only when you go to New York City in person will you realize _diverse the American culture is.解析句意：只有當(dāng)你親自去紐約時(shí)，你才會(huì)意識(shí)到美國(guó)文化是多么豐富多彩。根據(jù)“howadj./adv.主語(yǔ)is/are”可知，此處應(yīng)用how。答案how7What is even more important is _the earth cooled down，and water began to appear on its surface.解析分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，What is even more important為主語(yǔ)從句，the earth cooled down，and water began to appear on its surface句子成分完整，故應(yīng)填that引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，在從句中不作成分。答案that8From space，the earth looks blue.This is _about 71% of its surface is covered by water.解析句意：從太空看，地球是藍(lán)色的。這是因?yàn)榈厍虼蠹s71%的表面都被水覆蓋著。分析句子可知此處應(yīng)填because引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。答案because9Do not let any failures discourage you，for you can never tell _close you may be to victory.解析句意為：不要因失敗而泄氣，因?yàn)槟阌肋h(yuǎn)也不會(huì)知道成功可能離你有多近。 _close you may be to victory為賓語(yǔ)從句，設(shè)空處后close為形容詞，故填how。答案how10The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief _you are better than anyone else on the sports field.解析分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可以看出，主句主語(yǔ)為way，后面的不定式to succeed at the highest level為其定語(yǔ)，系動(dòng)詞是is，后面的不定式結(jié)構(gòu)為表語(yǔ)。 _you are better than.為belief的同位語(yǔ)從句，從句為“主語(yǔ)系動(dòng)詞表語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)，成分完整，故填起連接作用的that。答案that.單句改錯(cuò)1This is the factory where I visited last week. _解析句意：這是我上周參觀過(guò)的工廠。分析本句結(jié)構(gòu)可以看出，句中含有一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。關(guān)系詞在從句中作賓語(yǔ)，且指物，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞that或which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，關(guān)系代詞也可省略。因此把where改為that/which，或者去掉where。答案wherethat/which或去掉where2We will start at the point which we left off last time. _解析句意：我們將從上次停下來(lái)的地方開始。分析句子的結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句中包含一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞point表示抽象的地點(diǎn)，故把which改為where。答案whichwhere3Toms mother kept telling him that he should work hard，that didnt work. _解析句意：湯姆的母親不斷地告訴他應(yīng)該認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)，這沒有起任何作用。此處是which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，指代前面整個(gè)句子，不能用that。答案第二個(gè)thatwhich4The problem about that I consulted you has now been solved. _解析句意：我向你請(qǐng)教的那個(gè)問(wèn)題現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)解決了。此處是“介詞which”構(gòu)成的定語(yǔ)從句。介詞后只能用which(指物)和whom(指人)，不能用that和who，但當(dāng)介詞放在后面時(shí)，在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，可用that代替which/whom，并且that可省略。在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中只能用關(guān)系代詞which/whom。答案thatwhich5He told us about the countries where he had visited. _解析關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作visited的賓語(yǔ)，故使用關(guān)系代詞that或which，也可省略。答案wherethat/which或去掉where6We all thought it is a pity which the concert was put off. _解析此處it為形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)為that引導(dǎo)的從句。答案whichthat7I wonder that whether he has decided to go abroad. _解析名詞性從句中不能將兩個(gè)連接詞連用。答案去掉that8What he noticed was one of the windows facing south was open. _解析that引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句時(shí)不能省略。答案第一個(gè)was后加that9Everyone could figure out what happened and Tom fixed everything. _解析figure out后面有兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，分別是