廣州初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之3-數(shù)詞差版.doc

卓越個(gè)性化教學(xué)講義 學(xué)生姓名 年級(jí) 授課時(shí)間 教師姓名 課時(shí) 教學(xué)課題基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)復(fù)習(xí)鞏固專題數(shù)詞教學(xué)目標(biāo)1. 學(xué)生能數(shù)詞定義和功能；2. 掌握基數(shù)詞與序數(shù)詞的有關(guān)方法。重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)數(shù)詞的某些特殊用法。I數(shù)詞分類1、基數(shù)詞概念：表示數(shù)目的詞稱為基數(shù)詞。其形式如下：A從110one，two，three，four，five，six，seven，eight，nine，tenB從 1119eleven，twelve， thirteen， fourteen， fifteen， sixteen， seventeen，eighteen， nineteen這里除 eleven， twelve， thirteen， fifteen， eighteen為特殊形式外，fourteen，sixteen，seventeen，nineteen都是由其個(gè)位數(shù)形式后添加后綴-teen構(gòu)成。C從 2199整數(shù)幾十中除twenty，thirty, forty，fifty，eighty為特殊形式外，sixty，seventy，ninety都是其個(gè)位數(shù)形式后添加后綴-ty構(gòu)成。表示幾十幾時(shí)，在幾十和個(gè)位基數(shù)詞形式之間添加連字符“-”21 twenty-one 76 seventy-sixD百位數(shù)個(gè)數(shù)基數(shù)詞形式加“hundred”，表示幾百，在幾十幾與百位間加上and101 a hundred and one 320 three hundred and twentyE.大約數(shù)的表示法基數(shù)詞在表示確切的數(shù)字時(shí)，不能使用百、千、百萬(wàn)、十億的復(fù)數(shù)形式；但是，當(dāng)基數(shù)詞表示不確切數(shù)字，用ten、dozen、score、hundred、thousand、million等數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)后加of短語(yǔ)來(lái)表示幾十、幾百、上千、成千上萬(wàn)等大約數(shù)概念。There are hundreds of people in the hall -There are three hundred people in the hallF表示人的不確切歲數(shù)或年代，用幾十的復(fù)數(shù)形式表示。He became a professor in his thirties他三十多歲時(shí)成為了教授。It was in the 1960s那是在二十世紀(jì)六十年代。 2. 序數(shù)詞表示順序的詞稱為序數(shù)詞。序數(shù)詞的主要形式：A從第一至第十九其中，one first， two second， three third， five fifth，eighteighth，nineninth，twelve twelfth為特殊形式，其它的序數(shù)詞都是由其相對(duì)應(yīng)的基數(shù)詞后面添加“th”構(gòu)成。例如： six sixth、nineteen nineteenthB從第二十至第九十九整數(shù)第幾十的形式由其對(duì)應(yīng)的基數(shù)詞改變結(jié)尾字母y為i，再加“eth”構(gòu)成。twentytwentieth thirtythirtieth表示第幾十幾時(shí)，用幾十的基數(shù)詞形式加上連字符“”和個(gè)位序數(shù)詞形式一起表示。thirty-first 第三十一 fifty-sixth 第五十六C第一百以上的多位序數(shù)詞由基數(shù)詞的形式變結(jié)尾部分為序數(shù)詞形式來(lái)表示。one hundred and twenty-first 第一百二十一D序數(shù)詞的縮寫(xiě)形式有時(shí)，序數(shù)詞可以用縮寫(xiě)形式來(lái)表示。主要縮寫(xiě)形式有。firstlst second2nd third3rd fourth4th twenty-third23rd其中l(wèi)st，2nd，3rd為特殊形式，其它的都是阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字后加上th。二、 數(shù)詞的用法1、時(shí)刻表示法A. 表示幾點(diǎn)鐘用基數(shù)詞加可以省略的oclock5:00 讀作 five oclock 或 fiveB. 表示幾點(diǎn)過(guò)幾分，在分鐘后加past，再加小時(shí)five past seven 七點(diǎn)過(guò)五分C. 表示幾點(diǎn)差幾分，在分鐘后面加to，再加小時(shí)ten to eight 差十分八點(diǎn)（七點(diǎn)五十分） a quarter to twelve 差一刻十二點(diǎn)（十一點(diǎn)四十五分）在日常生活中，常用下列簡(jiǎn)單方法表示時(shí)間。以小時(shí)、分種為單位分別讀出數(shù)字。 10:26讀作 ten twenty-six注：時(shí)刻表上的時(shí)間大多采用24小時(shí)表示法，這樣就不需要用a.m.表示上午，p.m.表示下午了。2、倍數(shù)表示法A. 主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+倍數(shù)（或分?jǐn)?shù)）+ as + adj. + as I have three times as many as you.我有你三倍那么多。B. 主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+倍數(shù)（分?jǐn)?shù)）+ the size (amount，length) of The earth is 49 times the size of the moon.地球是月球的49倍。3、年月表示法A. 世紀(jì)可以用定冠詞加序數(shù)詞加世紀(jì)century表示，也可以用定冠詞加百位進(jìn)數(shù)加s表示the sixth（6th）century 公元六世紀(jì) the 1600s 十七世紀(jì)這里，用百位數(shù)整數(shù)表示的世紀(jì)比這一百位阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字本身多一個(gè)世紀(jì)。B. 年代用定冠詞及基數(shù)詞表示的世紀(jì)加十位整數(shù)的復(fù)數(shù)形式構(gòu)成in the 1930s（in the thirties of the twentieth century或 in the nineteen thirties）在二十世紀(jì)三十年代C. 表示某年代的早期、中期和晚期，可以在定冠詞后，年代前添加 early，mid-，latein the early 1920s 在二十世紀(jì)二十年代早期 in the mid-1950s 在二十世紀(jì)五十年代中期D. 年月日表示法(1)年份用基數(shù)詞表示，一般寫(xiě)為阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字，讀時(shí)可以hundred為單位，也可以以世紀(jì)、年代為單位分別來(lái)讀。1949 讀作 nineteen hundred and forty-nine 或 nineteen forty-nine1800 讀作 eighteen hundred表示在哪一年，一般在年數(shù)前加介詞in，使用year時(shí)，year放在數(shù)詞之前。in the year two fifty-three B.C. 在公元前253年但是，通常采用in加表示年份的阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字。(2). 月份，在哪個(gè)月用介詞in加第一個(gè)字母大寫(xiě)的月份詞表示。例如：in May在五月； in July在七月。為了簡(jiǎn)便起見(jiàn)，月份與日期連用時(shí)，月份常用縮寫(xiě)形式表示?？s寫(xiě)形式除May，June，July外，其它的月份都由其前三個(gè)字母表示，但September除外。JanuaryJan一月 FebruaryFeb二月MarchMar. 三月 AprilApr SeptemberSept九月(3)日期用定冠詞the加序數(shù)詞表示。在哪一天要添加介詞on。National Day is on Oct. 1.國(guó)慶節(jié)是十月一日。（讀作 October the first）此句也可以表示為 National Day is on the 1st of October4 分?jǐn)?shù)表示法1. 分?jǐn)?shù)是由基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞一起來(lái)表示的?；鶖?shù)詞作分子，序數(shù)詞作分母，除了分子是“1”以外，其它情況下序數(shù)詞都要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。3/4 three fourths或 three quarters 1/3 one third或a third 1/2 a half2. 當(dāng)分?jǐn)?shù)后面接名詞時(shí)，如果分?jǐn)?shù)表示的值大于1，名詞用復(fù)數(shù)；小于1，名詞用單數(shù)。1 1/2 hours 一個(gè)半小時(shí)（讀作 one and a half hours）5 數(shù)量表示法1. 表示長(zhǎng)、寬、高、面積等，用基數(shù)詞+單位詞（meter，feet，inch，kilogram等）+ 形容詞（long，wide，high等）表示，或者用基數(shù)詞+單位詞 + in + 名詞（length， width， height， weight等）表示。Two-meter-long 作定語(yǔ) two meters long或 two meters in length 2米長(zhǎng)three feet high或 three feet in height 3英尺高。2. 表示時(shí)間、距離時(shí)，使用含數(shù)詞的名詞所有格形式作定語(yǔ)。five minutes walk步行五分鐘（的距離）Its an hours ride from my hometown to our university 即時(shí)訓(xùn)練1. I think _ of the materials I listened to at the beginning of the exam_ easy.A.two thirds, is B.second three, are C.two thirds, areD.two third, are2. He became a famous writer when he was_.A. in his fifty B. in his fifties C. in fifty years old D. in fifties3. -How much does it cost to build the school library? -Four _ YuanAmillion Bmillions Cmillions of Dmillion of4、About _ of the workers in the factory were born in the _.A. two-thirds, 1970 B. two-thirds, 1970s C. two-third,1970 D. two-third, 1970s5、Each of us has to write a _report every two weeks. A. two-hundred-word B. two-hundreds-word C. two-hundreds-words D. two-hundred-words6、Today is my mothers _ birthday. I will buy her a gift.A. fourteenB. fourteenthC. fortyD. fortieth7、Zhaoqing is becoming a tourist city. _ people come here during the holidays every year.A. Thousand of B. Thousands of C. Five thousands of D. Five thousands8、The road is over _ metres long Asix hundred and fifty-two B six hundreds and fifty-two Csix hundred，fifty-two Dsix hundred，fifty and two 9、My brother is in_.A. Three Class, One Grade B. Class Three, Grade One C. Grade One, Class Three D. class three, grade one10、Sunday is the_ day of the week.A. seventh B. first C. second D. third中考詞匯積筆記：（上面題目中包含的抄下來(lái)） 【Homework】1、You can have _ try if you fail _ time.A.the second,the first B.a second,a first C.the second,a first D.a second,the first2.How many pencils would you like,Madame? Well,I want_of these.A.three dozen B.three dozen of C.three dozens D.three dozens of3. _ of the land in the district _ covered with trees and grass.A. Two fifth; is B. Two fifth; are C. Two fifths; is D. Two fifths, are4Whats the date today? _A. Its May 1st. B. Its Sunday. C. Its morning. D. Its 12 oclock. 5. Maria plays the piano for _ every day.A. one and half hours B. a half and an hour C. an hour and half D. one and a half hours.6. The earth is nearly_the moon.A. 50 time the size of B. 50 times the size of C. 50 times as size as D. 50 times as that of7. She moved to Beijing _ .A. at her thirties B. in the thirty C. in her thirties D. on her thirties8. It took me _ days to finish drawing a beautiful horse.A. a half dozen B. half a dozen C.