機械工程專業(yè)英語-李光布lesson14-CAM.doc

Lesson14 CAMIntroduction computeraided manufacturing involves the use of computers and computer technology toassist in all the phases of manufacturing a product，including process and production planning，machining，scheduling，management，and quality contr01Because of the benefit，computer。aided design and computeraided manufacturing are often combined into CADCAM systemsshow as Figure 212Figure 212 Information flow chart in CADCAM application This combination allows the transfer of information from the design stage into the stage ofplanning for the manufacture of a product，without the need to reenter the data on part geometrymanuallyThe database developed during CAD is stored，then it is processed further，by OAM，intothe necessary data and instructions for operating and controlling production machinery，materialhandling equipment，and automated testing and inspection for product quality In machining operations，an important feature of CADCAM is its capability to describe thetool path for various operations，such as NO turningmillingand drilling r、+inn。the tool pathThe engineer or technician can then display and visually check the tool path forpossible tool collisions with clamps，fixtures，or other interferences The tool path can be modified at any time，to accommodate other part shapes to bemachinedCADCAM systems are also capable of coding and classifying parts into groups thathave similar shapes，using alphanumeric coding The emergence of CADCAM has had a major impact on manufacturingby standardizingproduct development and by reducing design effort，tryout，and prototype workIt has madepossible significantly reduced costs and improved productivityThe twoengine Boeing 777passenger airplane，for example，was designed completely by computer(paperless design)，with 2 000 workstations linked to eight computersThe plane is constructed directly from thedeveloped(an enhanced CATIA system)CADCAM software and no prototypes or mockupswere built，which were required for previous modelsThe cost for this development was on theorder of$6 bion Some typical applications of CADCAM are as follows： Programming for NO，CNC，and industrial robots Design of dies and molds for casting，in which，for example，shrinkage allowances arepreprogrammed Dies for metalworking operations，such as complex dies for sheet forming andprogressive dies for stamping Design of tools ad fixtures and EDM electrodes Quality control and inspection-for instance，coordinatemeasuring machines programmed on aCADCAM workstation Process planning and schedulingPlant layout2Related Technologies Throughout the history of our industrial society，many inventions have been patented andthe whole new technologies have evolvedWhitneyS concept of interchangeable parts，WattS steam engine，and FordS assembly line are but a few developments that are most noteworthyduring our industrial periodEach of these developments has impacted manufacturing as weknow it，and has earned these individuals deserved recognition in our history booksPerhapsthe single development that has impacted manufacturing more quickly and significantly than anyprevious technology is the digital computer Since the advent of computer technology，manufacturing professionals have wanted toautomate the design process and use the database developed therein for automatingmanufacturing processesComputeraided designcomputeraided manufacturing(CADCAM)，when successfully implemented，should remove the“wall”that has traditionally existedbetween the designs and manufacturing components CADCAM means using computers in the design and manufacturing processesSince theadvent of CADCAM，other terms have developed Computer graphics(CG)Computeraided engineering(CAE) Computeraided design and drafting(CADD) Computeraided process planning(CAPP) These spin-off terms all refer to specific aspects of the CADCAM concept，CADCAM itself is a broader，more inclusive termIt is at the heart of automated and integrated manufacturing A key goal of CADCAM is to produce data that can be used in manufacturing a product while developing the database for the design of that productWhen successfully implemented，CADCAM involves the sharing of a common database between the designs and manufacturing components of a company Interactive computer graphics(10G)plays an important role in CADCAMThrough theuse of lCG，designers develop a graphic image of the product being designed while storing thedata that electronically make up the graphic imageThe graphic image can be presented in atwodimensional(2-D)threedimensional(3一D)，or solids formatICG images are constructedusing such basic geometric characters as points，lines，circles，and curvesOnce created，these images can be easily edited and manipulated in a variety of ways including enlargements，reductions，rotations，and movements An lCG system has three main components：hardware，which consists of the computerand various peripheral devices；software，which consists of the computer programs andtechnical manuals for the system(the popular lCG software are used in CADCAM at presentincludes AutoCAD，OADKEY，ProE，UG，I-DEAS an OATIA etc)；the human designer，themost important of the three componentsmost important of the three components A typical hardware configuration for an ICG system includes a computer，a displayterminal，a disk drive unit for floppy diskettes，a hard disk，or both；and inputoutput devicessuch as a keyboard，plotter，and printerThese devices，along with the software，are thetools modern designers use to develop and document their designs The ICG systems could enhance the design process by allowing the human designer tofocus on the intellectual aspects of the design process，such as conceptualization and makingjudgmentbased decisionsThe computer performs tasks for which it is better suited，such asmathematical calculations，storage and retrieval of data，and various repetitive operations suchas crosshatching介紹計算機輔助制造涉及利用計算機和計算機技術(shù)協(xié)助生產(chǎn)一種產(chǎn)品的所有階段，包括過程和生產(chǎn)計劃，加工，調(diào)度，管理和質(zhì)量效益，計算機contr01.Because 。計算機輔助設(shè)計和計算機輔助制造CAD / CAM系統(tǒng)往往結(jié)合成“圖顯示為2.12 。圖2.12 CAD / CAM應(yīng)用信息流程圖這種組合允許進入的階段，從設(shè)計階段的信息傳輸規(guī)劃用于制造一個產(chǎn)品，而不需要重新輸入零件的幾何形狀上的數(shù)據(jù)CAD的開發(fā)過程中manually.The數(shù)據(jù)庫中的存儲位置，然后進一步處理，由OAM ，進用于生產(chǎn)機器的操作和控制的必要的數(shù)據(jù)和指令， material.handling設(shè)備，自動化測試和檢驗產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量在加工操作中， CAD / CAM的一個重要特征是它的能力來描述各種操作， ，如NO ling 和鉆井R， +客棧的刀具路徑。刀具的行為路徑工程師或技術(shù)員可以顯示和視覺檢查的刀具路徑可能的刀具夾頭，夾具或其他干擾碰撞。刀具路徑可以隨時修改，以適應(yīng)其他部分的形狀machined.CAD / CAM系統(tǒng)也能夠編碼和分類成組份具有相似的形狀，使用字母數(shù)字編碼。CAD / CAM的出現(xiàn)，產(chǎn)生了重大的影響，通過標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)品開發(fā)和減少設(shè)計工作量，試用，并原型work.It已可以顯著降低成本和提高生產(chǎn)率。雙引擎波音777客機，例如，被設(shè)計完全由計算機（無紙化式樣） ，2 000工作站鏈接到八computers.The飛機的構(gòu)造直接從CAD / CAM軟件開發(fā)的（一個增強CATIA的系統(tǒng)）和沒有原型或樣機建成，是在以前的車型這種發(fā)展成本需要為了600 .離子。CAD / CAM的一些典型應(yīng)用如下： NO ，數(shù)控，工業(yè)機器人編程。模具設(shè)計，鑄造，例如，收縮津貼預(yù)編程。模具金屬加工操作，如復(fù)雜的板料成形模具漸進沖壓去世。設(shè)計工具廣告裝置及電火花電極。質(zhì)量控制和檢查 - 例如，設(shè)定在一個坐標(biāo)測量機CAD / CAM工作站。過程規(guī)劃和調(diào)度。工廠布局。2.Related技術(shù)縱觀我們的工業(yè)社會的歷史，許多發(fā)明已獲得專利，并全新技術(shù)evolved.Whitney S概念可互換的零件，瓦特蒸汽機，福特的組裝線，但也有少數(shù)發(fā)展，最值得一提的期間，我們的工業(yè)period.Each這些發(fā)展影響，因為我們制造知道它，并贏得這些人在我們的歷史上當(dāng)之無愧的承認(rèn)books.Perhaps制造更快速，顯著比任何單一發(fā)展模式，已經(jīng)影響以前的技術(shù)是數(shù)字化的計算機。由于計算機技術(shù)的問世，制造的專業(yè)人士想設(shè)計過程的自動化，并使用其中的自動化開發(fā)的數(shù)據(jù)庫制造processes.Computer計算機輔助設(shè)計/計算機輔助制造（ CAD / CAM ） ，成功實施時，應(yīng)拆下歷來存在的“墻”之間的設(shè)計和制造元件。CAD / CAM是指使用電腦的設(shè)計和制造processes.Since問世， CAD / CAM ，其他條款已開發(fā)