現(xiàn)代大學(xué)英語精讀3 課文 Paraphrase.doc

UNIT 1identity is determined by genetic endowment, shaped by environment, and influenced by chance events.our identity is decided by our genes (inherited from parents), greatly influenced by environment we live in and affected by some unexpected events.First, there is functional independence, which involves the capability of individuals to take care of practical and personal affairs, such as handling finances, choosing their own wardrobes, and determining their daily agenda.First, there is the independence in handling everyday life situations, which involves the ability to solve practical problems, such as how to spend money wisely, choosing their own clothes, and determining what they are going to do everyday.Fourth is freedom from “excessive guilt, anxiety, mistrust, responsibility, inhibition, resentment, and anger in relation to the mother and father.Children often feel very guilty in relation to their parents because they think they have done something wrong; they are also anxious because they are always eager to please their parents; they sometimes feel unhappy because they think that their parents have not fair to them; they feel that they are responsible to their parents for everything they do; they are always afraid of not saying the right thing or not behaving properly; all these may make them angry with their parents or make them resentful. These feelings reflect their emotional dependence on their parents. When they grow up, they usually strive for the freedom from such dependence.Perhaps one of the most stressful mattersas men or women.Perhaps young college students feel most distressed in finding out their sexual identity, including associating with the opposite sex and designing their future roles as men or women.Probably nothing can make students feel lower or higher emotionally than the way they are relating to whomever they are having a romantic relationship with. When students are in a romantic relationship with the opposite sex, they are most likely to feel unhappy or happy emotionally.dragging his feet with a dismayed, dejected look on his face.walking slowly and listlessly, looking very unhappy and disappointed“to drag ones feet” is often used figuratively to mean”to delay deliberately”The local authorities are dragging their feet closing small coal mines.During the course I had come to realize that while my world was expanding and new options were opening for me, my father, who was in his sixties, was seeing his world shrink and his options narrow. (6)From the course I learnt, I had discovered that different from my expanding world and more opportunities; my father was beginning to realize that his world was getting smaller and his choices fewer.These religious, morals, and ethical values that are set during the college years often last a lifetime.(7)These values that are established during the college years often last a lifetime. It is believed that our character or basic moral principles are formulated during this period of time.I can no longer read the newspaper or watch a television newscast without seeing the people from other countries in a different light. in a different wayWhenever I read the newspaper or watch a television newscast, I will see the people from other countries in a different way from what I used to see. What he did made us to see him in a new light.In the light of the new evidence, we decide to take him to court. 出于，考慮到Not only are they being introduced to new people and new knowledge, but they are also acquiring new ways of assembling and processing information. (10) They are getting to know a lot of new people and learning new knowledge. They are also finding or learning new ways of arranging, organizing, analyzing or understanding information.UNIT 2 It was a wonder to me theyd want to be seen with such a windbag.我不理解為什么他們愿意讓人看見自己和這樣一個(gè)話匣子在一起。It was surprising to me that they would spend time together with a person who talked too much like my father, yet they seemed to like it. An orderly riding by had told him, because the orderly knew how thick he was with Grant.An orderly who arrived riding on a horse had told him about the news, because the orderly knew that he was a close friend of Grantt.Maybe the woman had dared to sympathize with her. Oh, she said, its all right. Life is never dull when my man is about.Maybe the woman had been rude enough or foolish enough to express sympathy for my mother. She said: “Life is never boring when my husband is around.” For the first time I knew that I was the son of my father. He was a story teller as I was to be. He was a story teller. That was what I was to become later.I remember once when he had done something ridiculous, and right out on Main Street, too, I was with some other boys and they were laughing and shouting at him and he was shouting back and having as good a time as they were. 記得有一次父親做了一件荒謬可笑的事情，當(dāng)時(shí)又是在大街上，而我正和其他男孩在一起。他們沖著父親笑著大喊大叫，父親也沖著他們喊，和他們一樣開心.I also remember once he had done something absurd, and happened to be on Main Street, too. At that time I was playing with some other boys. When they saw my father, they laughed at him and shouted at him. In response, my father shouted back and seemed to be as happy as these boys. Scarlet Letter is as interesting a novel as Oliver Twist.Youve made as many mistakes as I have. He sings as well as I do.Thered be men I didnt think would want to be fooling around with him. I thought no one would want to stay with him, idling about all day long. It was because life in our town was at times pretty dull and he livened it upIt was because life in our town was sometimes very dull and he could make the life more exciting. If it was a Scotsman, a German or a Swede, the same thing happened. Hed be anything the other man was. I think they all knew he was lying, but they seemed to like him just the same. = all the same, in spite of a particular situation or opinion etc.If a Scotsman, a German or a Swede came here, the same thing would happen. He would be born in the same country as the visitor. I think in spite of the fact that they all knew it was not true, they liked him all the same. To hear him tell it hed been in about every battle. If you had heard him tell the story you would think that he has been in about every battle. Hed been particularly intimate with General Grant so that when Grant went East to take charge of all the armies, he took father along. He had had a very close relationship with General Grant, closer than with others. As a result, when Grant went East to command armies, he took my father along with him. You know, my father said, about the Generals memoirs. Youve read of how he had a headache and how, when he got word that Lee was ready to call it quits, he was suddenly and miraculously cured.Youve known how he got a headache and how his headache was cured suddenly and mysteriously when learning the news that Lee prepared to surrender.They took a couple of shots and then, because he didnt want Grant to show up drunk before Lee, he smashed the bottle against the tree. =a small amount of strong alcoholic drinkThey took several sips of the wine and then he threw the bottle against the tree and broke it into pieces, because he didnt Grant to turn up drunk before Lee.When we were broke, down and out, do you think he ever brought anything home? Not he. When we become totally impoverished, do you imagine he had ever got anything home? Never did he do that.I was startled, for there was on his face the saddest look I had ever seen.I was shocked, because Id never seen such kind of sad expression on his face before.I didnt know what was up and had the queer feeling that I was with a stranger.I didnt know what was happening and got the strange feeling that I was walking with a stranger.I did not swim very well, but he put my hand on his shoulder and struck out into the darknessI did not swim very well, but he put my hand on his shoulder and swam hard toward the darkness. It was as though I had been jerked suddenly out of my world of the schoolboy, out of a world in which I was ashamed of my father.突然，我似乎被拉出了小男生的世界，被拉出了一個(gè)以父親為恥的世界。It was as if I had been suddenly pulled out of my world of the schoolboy, in which I had considered my father a shame on me.He had become blood of my blood: he the stronger swimmer and I the boy clinging to him in the darkness. He had become my real father. He was no longer a stranger to me.It may be that I even laughed a little, softly there in the darkness. If I did, I laughed knowing that I would never again be wanting another father.It was possible that I even laughed a little, quietly in the darkness. If I did smile, that was because I would never be thinking of another father again.UNIT5And we returned home refreshed, revitalized, and reeducated. This time, getting there had been the fun. (Para. 2) When we got home, we not only felt fresh and energetic, but we had also seen a lot and learned a lot. This time, the trip back home itself was not just half the fun, but the fun-the real pleasure we got out of our week of holidays.Americans understood the principle of deferred gratification. We put a little of each paycheck away “for a rainy day”. (Para. 4) satisfaction to save money to be used later (you save something or put something away)for a time in the future when you may need itIn the past, Americans were patient to have their desires satisfied. We saved a little money each time we got paid in case we might need it in the future.This general impatience, the “I-hate-to-wait” attitude, has infected every level of our lives. (para5)This impatience is like a widespread disease that has many effects on every part of our lives./ We have become impatient in every aspect of our lives, for instance, we want to get a job done quickly, to lose weight quickly, to be served quickly, etcWe replace them with something called “quality time”Instead of spending more time with our loved ones as we should, we now only set aside a few hours and meanwhile deceive ourselves that we are giving our best time (quality time) to them.Of course, we couldnt wait to get there, so we took the Pennsylvania Turnpike and a couple of interstates. (para1)Because we were eager to get there as soon as possible, we took the fast roads like the Pennsylvania Turnpike and the interstates.cant wait/ can hardly wait to do sth. / for sth.: used to indicate that sb. is very excited about sth. or keen to do sth. “Look at those gorgeous farms!” my husband exclaimed as pastoral scenery slid by us at 55 mph. (para1) exclaim: (written) to say sth. suddenly and loudly, esp. out of emotion or painslid by us: moved past us quickly“Look at those beautiful farms!” my husband couldnt help shouting when the countryside scenery moved past us quickly at the speed of 55 miles per hour.For four hours, our only real amusement consisted of counting exit signs and wondering what it would feel like to hold still again. (Para. 1)The 4-hour drive on fast roads was tedious; the only fun we had was to count the exit signs we were passing and to figure out how wed feel if we stopped again.Getting there certainly didnt seem like half the fun; in fact, getting there wasnt any fun at all. (Para. 1)We had expected that our ride to West Virginia would be fun, and that half of the fun wed get from the trip would come from it. But we were wrong. It wasnt fun at all.We toured a Civil War battlefield and stood on the little hill that fifteen thousand Confederate soldiers had tried to take on another hot July afternoon, one hundred and twenty-five years ago, not knowing that half of them would get killed in the vain attempt. (Para. 2)We visited a Civil War battlefield and stood on the little hill. One hundred and twenty-five years ago, on a hot July afternoon, 15,000 soldiers fighting for slavery, while trying to occupy the hill, had no idea that they would fail and that half of them would be killed in the battle.We stuffed ourselves with spicy salads and homemade bread in an “all-you-can-eat” farmhouse restaurant, then wandered outside to enjoy the sunshine and the herds of cowsno little dots this timelying in it. (Para. 2) to fill with sth eat as much as you canWe had a meal in a farmhouse restaurant where for a certain amount of money you could eat as much as you wanted, and we fed ourselves with lots of spicy salads and homemade bread. After the meal, we walked leisurely outdoors to enjoy the sunshine and watch the herds of cowsthis time they did not seem like little dotslying in the sunshine.In fact, most Americans are constantly in a hurryand not just to get from Point A to Point B. Our country has become a nation in search of the quick fixin more ways than one. (Para. 3)In fact, most Americans are always in a rush, not only in getting around from place to place, but in various aspects of life.We take out loans instead of making deposits, or we use our credit card to get that furniture or vacation trip-relax now, pay later. (para4)take out: to obtain an official document or servicee.g. to take out an insurance policy relax now, pay later: to do/buy what we want now, and pay laterToday, instead of saving up, we borrow from the banks or use our credit card to buy the furniture or make the trip; our motto has become “relax now, pay later”.And if we are in a hurry to lose weight, we try the latest miracle diet, guaranteed to take away ten pounds in ten days unless were rich enough to afford liposuction. (Para. 4) If we want to lose weight quickly, we try the most recent miracle diet which is said to be effective and is sure to make us lose a pound per day. If we are rich enough to pay for the operation, we can have our unneeded fat removed from our bodies.Whats more, we dont even want all of it. (para6)whats more: in addition, more importantlyThe more important thing is that we not only want to get information fast, but also just want to get a general idea-we no longer want to learn anything thoroughly.Once, we listened to every note of Beethovens Fifth Symphony. Today, we dont have the time; instead, we can enjoy on our “Greatest Moments of the Classics” CD. (para6)Its the same with classic musical compositions. We no longer listen from beginning to end. Instead, we buy a CD called “Greatest Moments of the Classics” and enjoy 100 musical classics, in excerpts, including the 26 seconds for the famous “da-da-da-DUM” opening of Beethovens Fifth Symphony.Even our personal relationships have become compressed. Instead of devoting large parts of our days to our loved ones is no time at all. (para6)Even our personal relationships are affected. Instead of spending much of our time with our loved ones, we now talk about giving them full attention in the limited time after work. But usually we have no time to do that at all.As we rush from book to music to news item to relationship, we do not realize that we are living our lives by the iceberg principle-paying attention only to the top and ignoring the 8/9 that lies just below the surface. (para6)When we rush through books, music, news items and relationship, we are paying attention to the surface to everything and will never get into the heart of anything.But I am saying that all of us need to think more seriously about putting the brakes on our “we-want-it-all-and-we-want-it-nor” lifestyle before we speed completely out of control. (Para. 8) to slow down or stop doing somethingBut what I do want to say is this: before we go too far, all of us need to think seriously about changing our lifestyle of seeking a quick fix in our lives.UNIT6I spent most of my time roaming the woods and fields alone, playing Robin Hood, daydreaming, collecting bugs and bird-watching.I spent most of my time wandering in the forests and the fields alone, acting Robin Hood, daydreaming, collecting bugs and bird-watching.Keeping to myself was my way of not forming attachments that I would only have to abandon the next time we moved. (3) I did not try to make any friends because in that way I could avoid having to give up my friendship the next time I had to move. Familiarity sometimes makes people physically invisible, for you find yourself talking to the heartto the essence, as it were, rather than to the face. (26)When people get to know each other really well, sometimes they dont notice physical changes. The boy did not see that his friend, the old lady, was getting weaker and weaker because all the time he was talking to her heart, rather than to her face.But one day I became attached through no design of my own.But one day I began a friendship just by chance.I started hikingto an almost impenetrable stand of trees called Bear Wood.I started to take a long walkto a dense growth of trees called Bear Wood.Yes, they are wary. But then, gamekeepers have been shooting them ever since they got here. They re introduced, you know, not native.Yes, they re watchful. But the bad thing is that some gamekeepers have been killing them since they got here and they were brought into this place from somewhere else, not born and raised here.I gazed at the glass-fronted cases containing figures of ivory and carved stone, trays of pinned butterflies and a dozen or so stuffed birds.I look at the cabinets with glass windows that contained statues and models carved out of ivory and stone, trays of butterflies fastened with pins and about twelve birds that were made into specimens.(para.18)很快我便看見一棟夕陽西下中粉紅色的小磚房。羅伯特格拉斯科太太打開房門，邀請我入內(nèi)。我靜靜凝視著眼前的書架和裝著象牙和石頭雕刻的玻璃門柜子、裝滿各種化石標(biāo)本的貯藏柜和