大學(xué)基礎(chǔ)英語(yǔ)4背誦段落.doc

大學(xué)基礎(chǔ)英語(yǔ)Unit1 Thinking as a HobbyThis was my introduction to the nature of what is commonly called thought. Through them I discovered that thought is often full of unconscious prejudice, ignorance, and hypocrisy. It will lecture on disinterested purity while its neck is being remorselessly twisted toward a skirt. Technically, it is about as proficient as most businessmens golf, as honest as most politicians intentions, or as coherent as most books that get written. It is what I came to call grade-three thinking, though more properly, it is feeling, rather than thought. 我要對(duì)我的老師們進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的分析是為了介紹一下通常被稱為思想的本質(zhì)。通過(guò)他們我發(fā)現(xiàn)思考通常是充滿了無(wú)意識(shí)的偏見(jiàn)、無(wú)知和虛偽的。在訓(xùn)誡無(wú)私的純真的時(shí)候它的脖子卻為了短裙而執(zhí)意扭曲。從技術(shù)上而言，它嫻熟如同商人玩高爾夫，誠(chéng)實(shí)如同政客的意圖，或者 更接近我自己的領(lǐng)域 有條理如同大多數(shù)寫出來(lái)的書。這就是后來(lái)被我稱作第三等級(jí)的思考，雖然事實(shí)上稱它為感覺(jué)更為恰當(dāng)。Grade-two thinking is the detection of contradictions. Grade-two thinkers do not stampede easily, though often they fal linto the other fault and lag behind. Grade-two thinking is a withdrawal, with eyes and ears open. It destroys without having the power to create. It set me watching the crowds cheering His Majesty the King and asking myself what all the fuss was about, without giving me anything positive to put in the place of that heady patriotism. But there were compensations. To hear people justify their habit of hunting foxes by claiming that the foxes like it. To her our Prime Minister talk about the great benefit we conferred on India by jailing people like Nehru and Gandhi. To hear American politicians talk about peace and refuse to join the League of Nations. Yes, there were moments of delight. 第二個(gè)等級(jí)的思考是對(duì)于矛盾的覺(jué)察。第二等級(jí)的思考者雖然常?；貢?huì)犯另一個(gè)錯(cuò)，落在后面，但他們不會(huì)輕易地被嚇倒。第二等級(jí)思考是一種警醒狀態(tài)下的退縮。這種思考成為我的嗜好，給我?guī)?lái)滿足干的同時(shí)也帶來(lái)孤獨(dú)感。因?yàn)榈诙燃?jí)思考具有破壞卻沒(méi)有創(chuàng)造的能力。它讓我在冷眼看著人群為國(guó)王陛下歡呼的時(shí)候覺(jué)得這樣的喧囂不知所謂，卻沒(méi)有提供什么可以替代這樣強(qiáng)烈愛(ài)國(guó)精神。但是這樣的思考還是有好處的。聽(tīng)人們以狐貍喜歡這樣的待遇為理由為他們捕獵狐貍，把它們撕成碎片的習(xí)慣辯護(hù)，我們的女首相談?wù)撏ㄟ^(guò)逮捕尼赫魯和甘地這樣的人跟印度協(xié)商的好處，美國(guó)政客們可以剛談完和平轉(zhuǎn)身就拒絕加入國(guó)際聯(lián)盟的時(shí)候，是的，還是有令人高興的時(shí)刻的。Grade-two thinking, though it filled life with fun and excitement, did not make for content. To find out the deficiencies of our elders satisfies the young ego but does not make for personal security. It took the swimmer some distance from the shore and left him there, out of his depth. A typical grade-two thinker will say, What is truth? There is still a higher grade of thought which says, What is truth? and sets out to find it.第二等級(jí)思考雖然讓生活充滿了樂(lè)趣和興奮，卻無(wú)法令人滿足。尋找比我們年長(zhǎng)的人的缺陷助長(zhǎng)了年輕的自我，卻無(wú)法讓人覺(jué)得安全。我發(fā)現(xiàn)第二等級(jí)不僅是指出矛盾的力量。它帶著游泳者離開(kāi)岸游了一段距離，然后把他留在那里，束手無(wú)策。我判定本丟.彼拉多就是典型的第二等級(jí)思考者?！笆裁词钦胬?？”他問(wèn)道，一種十分常見(jiàn)卻總出現(xiàn)在爭(zhēng)論的末尾而不是開(kāi)頭的第二等級(jí)思考m 67。還有更高一級(jí)的思索問(wèn)過(guò)“什么是真理？”后就開(kāi)始去尋找它。Unit2 Spring SowingOh,whatdowecarewhoislooking?saidMary;butshedrewbackatthesametimeandgazeddistantlyattheground.ThenMartincutthesod,andpressingthespadedeepintotheearthwithhisfoot,heturnedupthefirstsodwithacrunchingsoundasthegrasrootsweredraggedoutoftheearth.Marysighedandwalkedbackhurriedlytoherseedswithfurrowedbrows.Shepickedupherseedsandbegantospreadthemrapidlytodriveoutthesuddenterrorthathadseizedheratthatmomentwhtenshesawthefierce,hardlookinherhusbandseyesthatwereunconsciousofherpresence.Shebecamesuddenlyafraidofthatpitiless,cruelearth,thepeasantsslavemaster,thatwouldkeepherchainedtohardworkandpovertyallherlifeuntilshewouldsinkagainintoitsbosom.Hershort-livedlovewasgone.Henceforthshewasonlyherhusbandshelpertotilltheearth.AndMartin,absolutelywithoutthought,workedfuriously,coveringtheridgewithblockearth,hissharpspadegleamingwhiteashewhirleditsidewaystobeatthesods.“哦，我們干嘛在意誰(shuí)在看？”瑪麗說(shuō)著，但同時(shí)她后退了幾步，盯著遠(yuǎn)處的地面。這時(shí)，馬丁鏟斷草皮，用腳將鐵鍬深深地踩進(jìn)土里，翻起了遞一塊草皮，草根被拽出土地時(shí)，發(fā)出嘎吱聲。瑪麗嘆了口氣，皺緊眉頭，匆忙回到放土豆種的地方。她拿起種子，開(kāi)始飛快栽種起來(lái)，以此來(lái)驅(qū)散那突然襲來(lái)的恐懼感，剛才她看到丈夫那兇猛、嚴(yán)厲的眼神根本沒(méi)有意識(shí)到她的存在。她突然害怕這塊冷酷無(wú)情的土地，這個(gè)農(nóng)民的奴隸主，會(huì)把她一生都束縛在辛勞和貧苦中，直到她重返大地的懷抱。她那短暫的愛(ài)情已經(jīng)一去不復(fù)返了。從此以后，她只不過(guò)是丈夫耕田種地的幫手了。而此時(shí)馬丁根本什么也不想，只是在拼命的干活，往壟上培黑土。當(dāng)他旋轉(zhuǎn)著鐵鍬在一側(cè)拍打草皮時(shí)，鋒利的鐵鍬泛著白光。If I Rest, I RustThe significant inscription found on an old key-“If I rest, I rust”-would be an excellent motto for those who are afflicted with the slightest bit of idleness. Even the most industrious person might adopt it with advantage to serve as a reminder that, if one allows his faculties to rest, like the iron in the unused key, they will soon show signs of rust and, ultimately, cannot do the work required of them.Those who would attain the heights reached and kept by great men must keep their faculties polished by constant use, so that they may unlock the doors of knowledge, the gate that guard the entrances to the professions, to science, art, literature, agriculture-every department of human endeavor.Industry keeps bright the key that opens the treasury of achievement. If Hugh Miller, after toiling all day in a quarry, had devoted his evenings to rest and recreation, he would never have become a famous geologist. The celebrated mathematician, Edmund Stone, would never have published a mathematical dictionary, never have found the key to science of mathematics, if he had given his spare moments to idleness, had the little Scotch lad, Ferguson, allowed the busy brain to go to sleep while he tended sheep on the hillside instead of calculating the position of the stars by a string of beads, he would never have become a famous astronomer.Labor vanquishes all-not inconstant, spasmodic, or ill-directed labor; but faithful, unremitting, daily effort toward a well-directed purpose. Just as truly as eternal vigilance is the price of liberty, so is eternal industry the price of noble and enduring success. 如果我休息，我就會(huì)生銹在一把舊鑰匙上發(fā)現(xiàn)了一則意義深遠(yuǎn)的銘文如果我休息，我就會(huì)生銹。對(duì)于那些懶散而煩惱的人來(lái)說(shuō)，這將是至理名言。甚至最為勤勉的人也以此作為警示：如果一個(gè)人有才能而不用，就像廢棄鑰匙上的鐵一樣，這些才能就會(huì)很快生銹，并最終無(wú)法完成安排給自己的工作。有些人想取得偉人所獲得并保持的成就，他們就必須不斷運(yùn)用自身才能，以便開(kāi)啟知識(shí)的大門，即那些通往人類努力探求的各個(gè)領(lǐng)域的大門，這些領(lǐng)域包括各種職業(yè)：科學(xué)，藝術(shù)，文學(xué)，農(nóng)業(yè)等。勤奮使開(kāi)啟成功寶庫(kù)的鑰匙保持光亮。如果休米勒在采石場(chǎng)勞作一天后，晚上的時(shí)光用來(lái)休息消遣的話，他就不會(huì)成為名垂青史的地質(zhì)學(xué)家。著名數(shù)學(xué)家愛(ài)德蒙斯通如果閑暇時(shí)無(wú)所事事，就不會(huì)出版數(shù)學(xué)詞典，也不會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)開(kāi)啟數(shù)學(xué)之門的鑰匙。如果蘇格蘭青年弗格森在山坡上放羊時(shí)，讓他那思維活躍的大腦處于休息狀態(tài)，而不是借助一串珠子計(jì)算星星的位置，他就不會(huì)成為著名的天文學(xué)家。勞動(dòng)征服一切。這里所指的勞動(dòng)不是斷斷續(xù)續(xù)的，間歇性的或方向偏差的勞動(dòng)，而是堅(jiān)定的，不懈的，方向正確的每日勞動(dòng)。正如要想擁有自由就要時(shí)刻保持警惕一樣，要想取得偉大的，持久的成功，就必須堅(jiān)持不懈地努力。Unit3 Groundless Beliefs “Self-interest” is to be understood first in the ordinary sense, as referring to a mans way of earning his livelihood and acquiring wealth. But we may extend the term to cover also his interest in social position; popularity with his fellows; the respect and goodwill of those whose respect and goodwill he values. It covers his interest in his own career, in whatever prestige he enjoys as one of the leadersor at least as a valued supporterof some movement or institution, some religious body, some other kind of society or group. There is many a man who is unconsciously compelled to cling to a belief because he is a “somebody” in some circleand if he were to abandon that belief, he would find himself nobody at all. 從一般意義上來(lái)說(shuō)，“自身利益”首先應(yīng)該被理解為一個(gè)人謀生與獲取財(cái)富的一種方式。然而，“自身利益”這個(gè)詞的意思可以引申到包括一個(gè)人的社會(huì)地位，在同事中的聲望，以及他所重視的來(lái)自他人的尊重與友善。它還可以涉及一個(gè)人在事業(yè)中的利益，他作為某一運(yùn)動(dòng)或機(jī)構(gòu)、某一宗教團(tuán)體或其他社會(huì)團(tuán)體的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者之一，或者是至少作為受到重視的支持者所享有的名望。許多人無(wú)意識(shí)地被迫堅(jiān)持某種觀點(diǎn)，因?yàn)樗悄硞€(gè)圈子里的“重要人物”如果他放棄這一觀點(diǎn)，就會(huì)成為無(wú)足輕重的小人物。We all know the person who has a string of stock anecdotes. We all know too the person who has certain stock arguments and opinions which he expresses, almost in the same words, whenever he receives the “cue.” We all know men and women whose minds work like gramophones. Put them on to the “record” about the good old days; or about prohibition; or about the wicked capitalist; or about the lazy and improvident workers; or about the country going to the dogs; or about the modern girl; or some long, tedious anecdote about what I said to him, and what he said to me, and I said and he said and then I told him straight! All we have to do is to start him offand nothing on earth can stop himuntil the “record” has run out! 我們都認(rèn)識(shí)某位總講一連串陳舊故事的人。我們也都認(rèn)識(shí)那個(gè)一旦收到“暗示”，就幾乎總是用同樣的話語(yǔ)表達(dá)著某些陳腐的觀點(diǎn)和看法的人。我們都知道一些大腦工作起來(lái)像留聲機(jī)一樣的男子和女人。讓他們放關(guān)于過(guò)去好日子的“錄音”，放關(guān)于20世紀(jì)二三十年代的禁酒時(shí)期的錄音，關(guān)于罪惡的資本家們的錄音，關(guān)于懶散而又目光短淺的工人們的錄音，關(guān)于走向衰落的國(guó)家，關(guān)于時(shí)髦的女郎，或是關(guān)于我對(duì)他說(shuō)的，他說(shuō)給我的話，我說(shuō)他說(shuō)然后我又直接告訴他這些冗長(zhǎng)乏味的陳年瑣事的錄音！我們能做的就是讓他無(wú)休止地說(shuō)下去無(wú)論什么也無(wú)法阻止他一直到錄音全部放完為止！Unit4 Sonnet XVIIIShall I compare thee to a summers day?Thou art more lovely and more temperate:Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,And summers lease hath all too short a date:Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,And often is his gold complexion dimmd;And every fair from fair sometime declines,By chance or natures changing course untrimmdBut thy eternal summer shall not fadeNor lose possession of that fair thou owst;Nor shall Death brag thou wanderst in his shade,When in eternal lines to time thou growest:So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,So long lives this and this gives life to thee.能不能讓我來(lái)把你比擬做夏日? 你可是更加溫和,更加可愛(ài)： 狂風(fēng)會(huì)吹落五月里開(kāi)的好花兒, 夏季的生命又未免結(jié)束得太快： 有時(shí)候蒼天的巨眼照得太灼熱, 他那金彩的臉色也會(huì)被遮暗； 每一樣美呀,總會(huì)離開(kāi)美而凋落, 被時(shí)機(jī)或者自然的代謝所摧殘； 但是你永久的夏天決不會(huì)凋枯, 你永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)失去你美的儀態(tài)； 死神夸不著你在他的影子里躑躅, 你將在不朽的詩(shī)中與時(shí)間同在； 只要人類在呼吸,眼睛看得見(jiàn), 我這詩(shī)就活著,使你的生命綿延.Unit5 For Want of a DrinkWhen the word water appears in print these days, crisis is rarely far behind. Water, it is said, is the new oil: a resource long squandered, now growing expensive and soon to be overwhelmed by insatiable demand. Aquifers are falling, glaciers vanishing, reservoirs drying up and rivers no longer flowing to the sea. Climate change threatens to make the problems worse. Everyone must use less water if famine, pestilence and mass migration are not to sweep the globe. As it is, wars are about to break out between countries squabbling over dams and rivers. If the apocalypse is still a little way off, it is only because the four horsemen and their steeds have stopped to search for something to drink.The language is often overblown, and the remedies sometimes illconceived, but the basic message is not wrong. Water is indeed scarce in many places, and will grow scarcer. Bringing supply and demand into equilibrium will be painful, and political disputes may increase in number and intensify in their capacity to cause trouble. To carry on with present practices would indeed be to invite disaster.Unit6 TheTelephoneWhenIwasgrowingupinMagdaluna,asmallLebanese villageintheterraced,rockymountainseastofSidon,timedidntmeanmuchtoanybody,exceptmaybetothosewhoweredying.Inthosedays,therewasnorealneedforacalendarorawatchtokeeptrackofthehours,days,months,andyears.Weknewwhattodoandwhentodoit,justastheIraqigeeseknewwhentoflynorth,drivenbythehotwindthatblewinfromthedesert.Theonlytimepiecewehadneedofthenwasthesun.Itroseandset,andtheseasonsrolledbyandwesowedseedandharvestedandate andplayedandmarriedourcousinsandhadbabieswhogotwhoopingcoughandchickenpoxandthosechildrenwhosurvivedgrewupandmarriedtheircousinsandhadbabieswhogotwhoopingcoughandchickenpox.Welivedandlovedandtoiledanddiedwithouteverneedingtoknowwhatyearitwas,oreventhetimeofday.我小時(shí)候住在一個(gè)叫做馬格達(dá)路納的黎巴嫩小村莊里，它位于西頓以東梯田環(huán)繞的多石的山區(qū)。對(duì)于村里的人們來(lái)說(shuō)，時(shí)間并不是很重要-也許除了病危的人以外。那時(shí)候，我們實(shí)在無(wú)需日歷或手表這類東西來(lái)計(jì)時(shí)，計(jì)日，計(jì)月，計(jì)年。我們知道什么時(shí)候該做什么事情，就像伊拉克大雁受到來(lái)自沙漠熱風(fēng)的驅(qū)使，知道什么時(shí)候該向北飛一樣。那時(shí)候，太陽(yáng)是我們唯一需要的計(jì)時(shí)器。日出日落，四季不停輪換。我們就隨之播種，收獲，吃飯，玩耍，到時(shí)候和表兄弟姐妹結(jié)婚生子，到時(shí)候這些孩子就得百日咳和水痘那些活下來(lái)的孩子長(zhǎng)大后又和他們的表親結(jié)婚生子，孩子到時(shí)候又得百日咳和水痘。我們出生，結(jié)婚，勞動(dòng)，甚至死去，都無(wú)需知道這些事發(fā)生在哪一年，也無(wú)須知道具體是一天的哪個(gè)時(shí)段。Unit9The Goodness of LifeThough there is much to be concerned about, there is far, far more for which to be thankful. Though lifes goodness can at times be overshadowed, it is never outweighed.For every single act that is senselessly destructive, there are thousands more small, quiet acts of love, kindness and compassion. For every person who seeks to hurt, there are many, many more who devote their lives to helping and to healing.There is goodness to life that cannot be denied.In the most magnificent vistas and in the smallest details, look closely, for that goodness always comes shining through.There is no limit to the goodness of life. It grows more abundant with each new encounter. The more you experience and appreciate the goodness of life, the more there is to be lived.Even when the cold winds blow and the world seems to be covered in foggy shadows, the goodness of life lives on. Open your eyes open your heart, and you will see that goodness is everywhere.Though the goodness of life seems at times to suffer setbacks, it always endures. For in the darkest moment it becomes vividly clear that life is a priceless treasure. And so the goodness of life is made even stronger by the very things that would oppose it.Time and time again when you feared it was gone forever you found that the goodness of life was really only a moment away. Around the next corner, inside every moment, the goodness of life is there to surprise and delight you.Take a moment to let the goodness of life touch your spirit and calm your thoughts. Then, share your good fortune with another. For the goodness of life grows more and more magnificent each time it is given away.Though the problems constantly scream for attention and the conflicts appear to rage ever stronger, the goodness of life grows stronger still, quietly, peacefully, with more purpose and meaning than ever before.盡管有很多事讓人憂慮，但相比而言，值得感激的事要多得多。盡管生命的美好有時(shí)被蒙上陰影，但它卻永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)被埋沒(méi)。相對(duì)于每一個(gè)無(wú)謂的破壞行為而言，都是更多數(shù)以千計(jì)更為微小的、包含著愛(ài)、友善和同情的舉動(dòng)靜靜地上演著。相對(duì)每一個(gè)試圖傷害他人的人而言，都是更多的人致力于幫助他人，治愈他人的創(chuàng)傷。生命的美好不能否認(rèn)。在最為壯觀的前景和最為瑣碎的細(xì)節(jié)中，請(qǐng)仔細(xì)觀察，因?yàn)槊篮玫氖挛锟偸巧l(fā)著耀眼的光芒閃亮登場(chǎng)。生命的美好沒(méi)有界限。每一次相遇都會(huì)使這美好變得越發(fā)豐富。你經(jīng)歷的越多，越能欣賞生命的美好，生命中的美好就會(huì)變的越多。即使當(dāng)寒風(fēng)襲來(lái)，整個(gè)世界似乎被霧氣掩蓋之時(shí)，生命的美好仍會(huì)存在。睜開(kāi)雙眼，打開(kāi)心扉，你就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)這美好無(wú)處不在。盡管生命的美好有時(shí)似乎遭遇挫折，但它總會(huì)挺過(guò)來(lái)。因?yàn)?，在最黑暗的時(shí)刻，有一點(diǎn)變得格外清楚，那就是，生命是無(wú)價(jià)的財(cái)富。因此，正是與生命的美好相對(duì)立的事物使其越發(fā)強(qiáng)大。無(wú)數(shù)次地，當(dāng)你擔(dān)心這美好已經(jīng)遠(yuǎn)離之時(shí)，你就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)生命的美好其實(shí)只是與你相隔須臾。它就在下一個(gè)角落，存在于每個(gè)時(shí)刻之間，等著給你驚喜。花些時(shí)間讓生命的美好感動(dòng)自己的靈魂，放松自己的思緒。然后，把你的幸運(yùn)與他人分享。因?yàn)樯拿篮镁蜁?huì)在每次給予之間變得越來(lái)越壯觀。盡管總是有問(wèn)題讓你去關(guān)注，沖突也似乎愈演愈烈，但生命的美好卻總是靜靜地、平和地，帶著比以往更強(qiáng)的意志和更多的價(jià)值變得更為強(qiáng)大。Unit11 Soldiers HeartIt is right to remember such thing as I have describedin the first place, because those who have lived and died before us should be remembered, insofar as it is possible. Otherwise our own lives seem worthless. In the second place, war is a permanent human condition, and men and women will have to face it. It may help them to know how people no stronger physically or mentally than they have faced it.Unit13Mothers Love 媽媽的愛(ài)there is no love,like a mothers love沒(méi)有任何一種啊,可以和母愛(ài)相比no stronger bond on earth.世界上也沒(méi)有比之更強(qiáng)大的凝聚力like the precious bond that comes from godto a mother,象神賜與一個(gè)母親的珍寶when she gives birth當(dāng)她孕育一個(gè)新生命a mothers love is forever strong母愛(ài)是強(qiáng)大而永恒持久的never changing for all time.任何時(shí)候都不會(huì)改變and when her children need her most當(dāng)她的孩子最需要她的時(shí)候a mothers love will shine母愛(ài)就會(huì)照亮（孩子的心靈）god bless these special mothers上帝保佑這些特別的母親god bless them every one.上帝保佑她們中的每一個(gè)for all the tears and heartache所有的眼淚和悲傷and for the special work theyre done已及她們所做的特殊工作when her das on earth are over直到生命終止的那一天a mothers love lives on母愛(ài)依舊長(zhǎng)存through many generatious通過(guò)代代相傳with gods blessings on each one上帝在保佑著每一個(gè)母親be thankful for our mothers對(duì)我們的母親感恩吧!for they love whit a higher love因?yàn)樗齻兊膼?ài)是一種無(wú)私的奉獻(xiàn)from the power god has given是上帝賦予的力量and the strength from up above是所有超越一切的力量1. Simile 明喻A figure of speech in which one thing is likened to another. It is an explicit comparison indicated by the word like or as.e.g. A beauty is both charming and thorny like a rose.2. Metaphor 暗喻A figure of speech containing an implied comparison, in which a word or phrase ordinarily and primarily used of one thing is applied to another.e.g. Life is a box of chocolate, you never e.g. Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed and some few to be chewed and digested.3. Personification 擬人A figure of speech in which a thing, quality, or idea is treated as a person.e.g. The year 1871 witnessed the heroic uprising of the Paris Commune.4. Metonymy 換喻A figure of speech that consists in using the name of one thing for that of something else with which it is closely associated.e.g. When the war was over, he took up the pen again.5. Synecdoche 提喻A figure of speech in which a part is used for a whole, an individual for a class, (a material for a thing), or the reverse of any of these.e.g. Germany beat Argentina 2 to 1 in this exciting football match.e.g. The farms were short of hands during the harvest season.6. Euphemism 委婉語(yǔ)It is the substitution of a mild or vague expression for a harsh or unpleasant one.e.g. to die: to pass away, to leave us; ones heart has stopped beatinge.g. old people: senior citizense.g. dustman / garbage collector: sanitation workere.g.When we came back we found him in an armchair, peacefully gone to sleep but for ever. 7. Irony 反語(yǔ)A method of humorous or subtly sarcastic expression in which the intended meaning of the words used is the direct opposite of their usual sense.一種富有幽默感或精妙的挖苦人的表達(dá)方法，其所用的詞語(yǔ)意欲表達(dá)的意義正與這些詞語(yǔ)的通常意義相反。e.g. This diligent student seldom reads more than an hour per month.8. Overstatement & Understatement 夸張與低調(diào)陳述Overstatement：(also hyperbole) a figure of speech which gently exaggerates the truth言過(guò)其實(shí)Understatement：statement that expresses an idea, etc. too weakly. 輕描淡寫e.g. Shes dying to meet you. e.g. On hearing that he had been admitted to that famous university, he whispered to himself, “Im the luckiest man in the world.”e.g. It took a few dollars to build this indoor swimming pool. 9. Transferred Epithet 移就An epithet is an adjective or descriptive phrase that serves to characterize sb. or sth.A transferred epithet is one that is shifted from the noun it log