廣東省臺(tái)山市華僑中學(xué)高考英語(yǔ) 過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)專(zhuān)題練習(xí).doc

過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)【用法歸納】1. 過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，一般表示其與所修飾的名詞之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且表示的動(dòng)作已完成。如：youd better use the boiled water to make tea. the nurse was sent to attend the injured man.2. 單個(gè)的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)一般放在名詞前面，而過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)一般放在名詞后面。如：drunk people are not allowed to drive a car.have you read the novel written by charles dickens?in the end, the suggestion given by mr. smith was adopted. 3. 不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，只表示完成的含義，不表示被動(dòng)的含義。如：the police are searching for the escaped prisoner. the old man over there is a retired worker. 【拓展】done, to be done和being done 作定語(yǔ)的區(qū)別：它們都可作定語(yǔ)，表示被動(dòng)意義，但時(shí)間含義上有所不同。過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作已完成；不定式的被動(dòng)式表示被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作將要發(fā)生；動(dòng)詞-ing形式的被動(dòng)式表示被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。如：lucy knows little about the research plan discussed at yesterdays meeting.the five players are expected to take part in the football match to be held next week. all of us must keep a secret of the things being talked about here.過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)【用法歸納】1. 過(guò)去分詞可用在be, keep, remain, stay, seem, appear, look, feel, get等系動(dòng)詞后作表語(yǔ)，常表被動(dòng)意義，用來(lái)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)、性質(zhì)、特征等。如：mrs. green is convinced that her husband is telling a lie. the living room is covered with dust. 2. 很多過(guò)去分詞已經(jīng)形容詞化，此類(lèi)詞作表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)被動(dòng)的含義不大，而更強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)。常見(jiàn)的此類(lèi)詞有：satisfied, excited, bored, amazed, tired, pleased, astonished等。如：as far as tom is concerned, he is extremely satisfied. jim seems astonished to see his mother. 【拓展】有些動(dòng)詞如frighten, interest, worry, surprise等通常用其過(guò)去分詞形式來(lái)說(shuō)明人的感受，也可用來(lái)描述與人有關(guān)的事物，如look （表情），expression等；常用動(dòng)詞-ing形式來(lái)說(shuō)明物的情況。如：the little girl gets frightened when her father shouts at her.sara told me a surprising thing just now. 【即學(xué)即練】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的正確形式填空。1. i found myself in an _ (embarrass) situation last night.2. the thief tried to open the _ (lock) box.3. the _ (expect) event didnt occur.4. the _ (injure) woman was sent to hospital quickly. 5. we need a(n) _ (balance) diet in order to keep fit.6. the dragon was a(n) _ (terrify) sight for the villagers. the _ (terrify) villagers ran for their l