短文填詞技巧.doc

短文填詞一解題思路：1定意：通讀全文，了解大意。培養(yǎng)學(xué)生到整篇文章中去尋找需要的信息的能力。2定性：分析句子的句法結(jié)構(gòu)，確定詞性。3定形：分析句子的時態(tài)、語態(tài)，和句法結(jié)構(gòu)來確定用詞形式。從近幾年武漢市中考中填詞主要考查動詞、名詞、形容詞和副詞，也是語言使用最為活躍的詞類。它們的用法較多，靈活性較強，因此，在平時教學(xué)中除幫助學(xué)生對意義相近的詞進(jìn)行積累以外應(yīng)對這幾類詞的一詞多義、一詞多性，如help，work，right，keep，stay，need，interest等熟練掌握。二易考詞性出現(xiàn)背景：1. 名詞1）名詞出現(xiàn)的背景動詞后作賓語、介詞后作賓語、冠詞之后、數(shù)詞之后例：So George ordered him into the back s_ and got behind the whee1例：Martin was a minister in a church, and it was three v_ away from Catherines2）名詞詞形技巧：主要考慮名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)及其所有格形式。2. 動詞1） 動詞出現(xiàn)的背景主賓或介賓之間的動詞be動詞后的動詞：進(jìn)行時與被動語態(tài)；情態(tài)動詞之后缺動詞；并列關(guān)系中的動詞；主謂分離后的謂語動詞形式；分詞后置作定語：過去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞。例：Bill didnt agree with his father，because he t_ it was too late例：One night，after a_ a birthday party，Ann walked home along the quiet road例：Young Tom was d_ a picture in his room when his mother came in 例：Bell，who later moved to Canada，s_ all his spare time experimenting andworking例：the boys t_ by their parents at home are cleverer than the ones who arestudying at schoo12） 動詞詞形技巧：主要考慮是要填動詞的謂語形式(原形、第三人稱單數(shù)、過去式、現(xiàn)在分詞及其過去分詞形式。)還是填動詞的非謂語形式(不定式，ving，過去分詞)3. 形容詞1） 形容詞出現(xiàn)的背景作表語、作定語、用在某些動詞后作賓語補足語例： if you are h_ to them，they11 believe you more例： f_ people in that village care about their parents now than ten years ago2）形容詞詞形技巧：主要考慮形容詞原形、比較級、最高級形式。4. 副詞1）副詞出現(xiàn)的背景A句首例：G_ speaking，middle school students complain about their teachers andparentsB在含有助動詞與實義動詞構(gòu)成的時態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)之間例： he realized that he had a_ fallen in love with Catherine and he wanted to marry herC在動賓結(jié)構(gòu)之后或系表結(jié)構(gòu)之間表程度、方式例： I like singers who can sing the words c_例：Catherine realized that he had not understood her c_.例： I found him running a_，nobody together with him D. 在所修飾的形容詞，副詞，介詞短語之前。2). 副詞詞形技巧：主要考慮形容詞原形、比較級、最高級形式。三必備詞匯用法對所填詞定性、定形可能是一般學(xué)生最頭痛的問題。我們教師除了教會學(xué)生如何分析最基本的句法結(jié)構(gòu)之外，還可以在詞意和用法的積累方面給學(xué)生一些幫助。今天我重點就如何幫助學(xué)生解決“想不出來”的問題談?wù)勎易约旱目捶?。我主要是在平時教學(xué)中要求學(xué)生對相同或相關(guān)意義的詞進(jìn)行積累，同時，也對首字母相同的，但意義或用法不同的詞，并在填詞中出現(xiàn)機率大的必備詞匯的用法進(jìn)行區(qū)別。1接動詞原形的詞，常見的有：can，could，may，might，must，will，would，should，be going to，make，let，have，would rather，had better， why not等。2.可接動詞也可不定式又可接動詞ing的有：feel，find，look at，see，watch，notice，hear + do/ doingremember，forget，mean，stop, go on + to/ doing等。3一般只接ving作賓語的動詞及短語：admit， avoid，beget used to，be fond of, be proud of/ take pride in， consider, cant help, bear, stand, dream ofabout, depend on, enjoy, escape, finish, feel like, give up, have difficulty/ a problem/ trouble/ a hard time, have fun/ a good time, hear ofabout, imagine, keep on, look forward to, mind, miss, practice, put off, suggest, stand, set about, think ofabout4. 可接形容詞作表語be，get，look，turn，go，become，smell，sound，taste，remain，stay，keep，make，5. 首字母相同，意義或用法不同的詞(1)behind，back (2)agree，answer (3)between both (4)rise reach，raise (5)die，death，Dead (6)lie，lay (7)strict，serious (8)chance，change (9)full，fill (10)feel，fall (11) lively，lovely (12)luc