新（江蘇專用）高考英語二輪復習 第二部分 語法 專題十三 代詞.doc

專題十三代詞考點1none，nothing，no one的區(qū)別1niki is always full of ideas，but_is useful to my knowledge.(2015四川，10)anothing bno onecneither dnone2my brother would like to buy a good watch but_was available from that shop.(2012江西，23)anothing bnonecno one dneither考點歸納1none可與由of連接的人或物組成短語，而nothing，no one不可。none of us went to the concert last night.昨天晚上我們中沒有一個人去聽音樂會。2none回答how many.或how much.的問題，而no one (nobody)和nothing則分別用來回答who.和what.的問題。how many students in your class went to the lecture?none.你們班有多少學生去聽報告了？一個也沒有。who did you see enter the lonely house?nobody.你看見誰進了那間僻靜的房間？沒看見一個人。3none可以指代前面提到的人或物；no one (nobody)和nothing沒有這種作用。he has a brother，but i have none.他有一個兄弟，而我一個也沒有?？键c2none，neither，all，both，either，any的區(qū)別1the research group produced two reports based on the survey，but _ contained any useful suggestions.(2015福建，21)aall bnoneceither dneither2when shall i call，in the morning or afternoon?_.ill be in all day.(2014江西，32)aany bnonecneither deither 3although rosemary had suffered from a serious illness for years，she lost _ of her enthusiasm for life.(2013陜西，22)asome bneithercnone dall4its an eitheror situationwe can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we cant do_.(2013新課標全國，14)aothers beithercanother dboth考點歸納1none表示三者或三者以上都不；neither表示兩者都不。2all表示三者或三者以上都；both表示兩者都。3any表示三者或三者以上中任何一個；either表示兩者中任何一個?？键c3one，that，it，those的區(qū)別1the quality of education in this small school is better than _ in some larger schools.(2015天津，2)athat bonecit dthis2half of _ surveyed in 16 countries say they go first to their closest friend to share their deepest wishes and darkest fears.(2013浙江，11)athese bsomecones dthose3new technologies have made _ possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost.(2012四川，2)athat bthiscone dit4if youre buying todays paper from the stand，could you get _ for me？(2012遼寧，28)aone bsuchcthis dthat考點歸納1it所代替的是前面提到過的同一事物，而one所代替的是同類事物中的“一個”，onea/an名詞，它可以用來代替可數名詞單數，其復數形式是ones。i cant find my pen.do you see it?我找不到我的鋼筆了。你看見它了嗎？i need a bike but i have no money to buy one.我需要一輛自行車，可我沒錢買。2thatthe名詞，它既可代替可數名詞，也可代替不可數名詞，它所代替的也是同類事物。his behavior was not that of gentleman.他的行為不是正人君子的行為。3those替代上文中提到的復數名詞，既可指人，也可指物，those指人時，后須跟定語。those who break the law will be punished.那些違反法律的人會受到懲罰。考點4it的用法1how would you like _ if you were watching your favorite tv program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you？(2015浙江，12)athem bone cthose dit2whos that at the door?_ is the milkman.(2014大綱全國，25)ahe bit cthis dthat3susan made _ clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.(2014山東，4)athat bthis cit dher4an average of just 18.75 cm of rain fell last year，making _ the driest year since california became a state in 1850.(2014浙江，3)aeach bit cthis done考點歸納1it作形式主語或形式賓語代替不定式、動名詞或從句。its no use arguing with him.與他爭辯是沒有用的。2注意下列句型中的it(1)it is時間段since.自從以來多久了(2)it was時間段before過去時多久以后才(3)it will be時間段before一般現(xiàn)在時多久之后才能(4)it wont be long before.不久就(5)it is/was被強調部分that.(6)it is (high) time thatshould do/一般過去時到了的時候了(7)it be (just) like sb.to do.像某人做某事的風格(8)it bethe序數詞timethat.這是某人第幾次做(9)i dislike it when.我討厭考點5another，(the) other，(the) others的區(qū)別1to warm himself，the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against _.(2015陜西，13)aanother bthe othercother deither2in some countries，people eat with chopsticks，while in_，knives and forks.(2014福建，21)aanother botherscboth dall3recycling is one way to protect the environment；reusing is _.(2013重慶，31)aanother bthe othercone another done考點歸納1other作前置定語，修飾單數或復數名詞。ill come again some other day.我改日再來。2another用于泛指三者以上的不定數目中的“另一個”，所修飾名詞前不加冠詞。i dont want this one.please give me another.我不想要這一個，請給我另一個。3the other表示兩者中的“另一個”或兩部分中的“另一部分”，是特指。she has two children.one is a boy；the other is a girl.她有兩個孩子，一個是男孩，另一個是女孩。4others用作代詞，泛指“其他人”或“其他物”。some say yes，and others say no.有人說對，有人說不對。5the others指整體中除去一部分后，剩余的全部。there are fiftyfive students in our class.thirty of us are girls；the others are boys.我們班有五十五個學生，三十個是女生，其余的是男生?？键c6復合不定代詞1the meeting will be held in september，but _ knows the date for sure.(2015重慶，2)aeverybody bnobodycanybody dsomebody2i think mrs.stark could be _ between 50 and 60 years of age.(2014大綱全國，28) aanywhere banybodycanyhow danything3good families are much to all their members，but _ to none.(2014江蘇，34)asomething banythingceverything dnothing4you can ask anyone for help._ here is willing to lend you a hand.(2014安徽，24)aone bno oneceveryone dsomeone5a smile costs _，but gives much.(2014重慶，1)aanything bsomethingcnothing deverything考點歸納some類復合不定代詞主要用于肯定句中，any類復合不定代詞主要用于否定句、疑問句和條件句中。當some類復合不定代詞用于否定句、疑問句和條件句時，表示希望得到肯定回答。any類復合不定代詞用于肯定句時，表示“任何”之意。由one和body構成的不定代詞可以互換使用。解題方法方法1明確指代法在解答代詞題目時，我們應首先分析前后文，明確代詞所指代的對象，從而避免誤判。具體說來應從以下幾方面考慮：1)代詞指代的是人還是物；2)代詞指代的是可數名詞還是不可數名詞；3)代詞指代的是特指還是泛指概念；4)代詞指代的概念是表示兩者之間還是三者或三者以上；5)代詞所表示的是肯定還是否定概念。(1)the cost of renting a house in central xian is higher than _ in any other area of the city.athat bthis cit done答案a解析本題考查的是代詞的指代用法。句意為：西安市中心的房租比這個城市內其他地段的房租都貴。首先將此句改為：the cost of renting a house in central xian is higher than the cost in any other area of the city.，然后考慮用that代替特指的不可數名詞the cost。(2)the fact that she was foreign made _difficult for her to get a job in that country.aso bmuch cthat dit答案d解析考查it的用法。句意為：她是外國人的事實使得她在那個國家很難找到工作。句中for her to get a job in that country是動詞不定式的復合結構作made的賓語，difficult是賓語補足語，此處要用it作形式賓語，其他詞沒有這種用法。方法2理清邏輯法理清邏輯法主要是通過分析上下文所蘊涵的邏輯關系來做出正確判斷。具體說來應從以下方面去考慮：1)代詞所表示的范圍；2)代詞表示的是全部否定還是部分否定。(1)if our parents do everything for us children，we wont learn to depend on _.athemselves bthemcus dourselves答案d解析本題考查代詞。句意為：如果我們的父母為我們這些孩子做了所有的一切，我們就學不會獨立。由句意和句中的we可排除a、b兩項；空格處用反身代詞作賓語與主語保持一致。(2)you are a team star！working with _ is really your cup of tea.aboth beithercothers dthe other答案c解析句意為：你是一個有團隊精神的人，與別人合作對你來說太容易了。others其他人；the other兩者中的另外一個；both兩者都；either(兩者之中)任一的。a、b、d三項均不符合句意。提醒：完成作業(yè)強化練(十三)二輪專題強化練強化練(十三)強化練(十三)代詞(建議用時：12分鐘)1_ can help but be fascinated by the world into which he is taken by the science fiction.(2015泰州二模，22)anobody banybodycsomebody deverybody2each misfortune you come across will carry with _ the seed of tomorrows good luck.so hang on until you succeed.(2015蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)一模，23)aone bsomecthat dit3everyone doesnt agree to the plan.some support it while im one of _ opposed to it.(2015江蘇啟東中學調研，21)athose who bwhocthose dthat4a new study suggests that yelling at children may have consequences that are beyond _ of beating them.(2014蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)一模，27)aones bthesecthose dthat5it goes beyond doubt that australia is a sporting nation，_ you can feel their enthusiasm about sport.(2014鎮(zhèn)江零模，23)aone where bthe one wherecone that dthe one that6the key to a happy，healthy marriage is choosing _ who is a lot like you.anobody beveryonecnone dsomeone7various solutions have been provided for us to solve the problem.we can choose _ to start with.ait bthat ceach done8almost 90% of the most popular video games contain violence，and _ of it is extremely violent.anothing bmuchcnone dmany9we needed a new cupboard for the kitchen.so peter made _ from some wood.ait bonechimself danother10_ person is not prepared for this examination，for example，zhang gong and wang lin havent finished reviewing their lessons.aeach beverycall dnone11some friends tried to settle the quarrel between mr.and mrs.brown without hurting the feeling of _，but failed.anone beithercboth dneither12the greens bought a new house but _ will need a lot of work before they can move in.athey bitcone dwhich13id love to find a satisfactory job upon graduation from college，_ which combines interest and a good salary.aone bitcthe one dthat14change can be scary，but its during transformations that some of the best opportunities present _.ait bonecthose dthemselves15the greens shop has been broken into three times in the last two years，_ resulting in their great loss.aeach beverycany deither16i have made _ a rule that i buy a copy of english square every month.aone bthatcthis dit17could you tell me how to get to heping street?heping street？_ is where the shopping centre is.asuch bthere cthat dthis18_ comes as no surprise that san francisco wins the honor as the fittest city in the us for its steep hills and fresh food.ait bthat cthis dwhat19i havent read _ of his books，but judging from the one i have read i think hes a very promising writer.aany bnone cboth deither20look at the price of that bike！it is practically the same as _ of a new motorcycle.aone bthis cit dthat學生用書答案精析專題十三代詞考點11d考查代詞。句意為：niki總是有很多想法，但是據我所知，沒有一個想法有用。nothing什么都沒有，沒有東西；no one指人，故選項b錯誤；neither兩者都不，語意不符；none既可指人，也可指物，故此題選d。2b句意為：我哥哥想買一塊好表，可是那家商店里沒有。本題強調在那家商店里沒有一塊我哥哥想買的那種好手表，強調數量。nothing指物，但不強調數量；none既可指人，也可指物，還可以強調數量；no one指人；neither指兩者都不?？键c21d句意為：這個研究組發(fā)布了以這個調查為基礎的兩個報道，但是都沒有有用的建議。根據題干中的two reports和but可知，此處表示“兩者都不”，所以用neither。2d考查代詞。句意為：我什么時候打電話過來，早晨還是下午？都可以，我一直都在。根據句意可知是在早晨和下午這兩種情況中做出選擇。a、b兩項通常都表示三者或三者以上的情況；neither表示兩者都不；either表兩者中選擇其一。故d項符合題意。3c句意為：盡管rosemary多年來遭受嚴重的疾病折磨，但是她從沒有失去對生活的熱情。根據句意可以將a、d兩項排除。neither表示“(兩者)都不”，而none(與of連用)用于復數名詞前時表示“(三者或三者以上的人或物)都不”，用于不可數名詞前時表示“都不，一點也不”。4d句意為：我們只能二選一要么我們今年買一輛新車，要么我們去度假，但是我們不能兩項都做。分析句意可知，這是在兩者之間進行選擇，所以排除a、c兩項；either用在否定句中表示全部否定，而both用在否定句中表示部分否定，所以選d?？键c31a考查代詞辨析。句意為：這所規(guī)模較小的學校的教育質量比一些規(guī)模較大的學校的教育質量好得多。表示比較時，指代前面的the quality of education要用that。one與that雖可用來指代同名異物，但one為泛指，相當于a/an名詞；that為特指，相當于the名詞。one所指代的名詞的修飾語一般為 a/an/some/any；that所指代的名詞的修飾語往往是the/this/that。2d考查代詞。句意為：在十六個國家的那些被調查者中，有一半人說他們會首先到最好的朋友那里訴說自己內心深處的愿望和恐懼。thosethe ones在句中充當定語的先行詞；these只能作指示代詞，不可作先行詞；some是泛指，無法接定語；因為有half of在前面，后面一定接含有the概念的代詞，所以c項也不對。故答案為d項。3d考查代詞。題干為固定句型：makeitadj.to do。其中it作形式賓語，替代動詞不定式to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost。句意為：新興科技已經使更快地、以更低的成本生產新產品成為可能。4apaper作“報紙”講時是可數名詞。結合情景，說話人要對方給自己捎一份報紙，也就是a paper，而與此相對應的就是one。句意為：如果你要從書報攤買今天的報紙，你能給我買一份嗎？除了a項外的其他三個選項都可以用作代詞，代替名詞，但是用法不一樣。such意為“這類的(上文提到的人或物)”，且在句中作定語或主語；this指將要提到的內容；that指剛提到過的內容?？键c41d考查代詞辨析。句意為：如果你正在看最喜愛的電視節(jié)目，這時有人進來沒有征求你的意見就把電視關了，你會怎么想？固定表達how would you like it if.，在此結構中it代替后面if從句的內容。2b考查代詞。句意為：誰在門口？是送奶員。由語境可知，此處指“不知道性別的某個人”，要用it表示，故b項正確。this與that均為指示代詞，但是沒有此用法。3c考查代詞。根據句意和句子結構可知從句“她想為自己創(chuàng)造新生活”是make的真正賓語，故空格處應填入形式賓語it。4b考查替代詞。句意為：去年平均降雨量僅為18.75厘米，使其成為自1850年加利福尼亞成為州以來最干旱的一年。由語境可知，空格處替代前面提到的last year，為同名同物的指代，用it。each每一；this這個；one一個，泛指“同類當中的一個”。考點51b考查代詞。句意為：為了讓自己暖和起來，這個水手坐在火堆旁，光著腳，用一只腳搓另一只腳。表示“兩者中的一個另一個”用one.the other.。2b考查代詞。句意為：在一些國家，人們用筷子吃飯，然而在另一些國家，人們用刀子和叉子。some.others.是固定用法，意為“一些另一些”，故選b項。3a考查代詞。句意為：回收利用是保護環(huán)境的一種方法，重復利用是另外一種方法。the other是兩者之中的另一；another是三者或三者以上之中的另一。保護環(huán)境的方法有很多種，故不能選b項；one another意為“互相”，不合題意?？键c61b考查代詞。句意為：會議將在九月召開，但是沒人知道具體日期。句中的 but表轉折，根據句意可知應選nobody。2a考查不定代詞與不定副詞的意義辨析。句意為：我認為斯塔克夫人可能在50到60歲之間。anywhere在任何地方；anybody任何人；anyhow不管怎樣，無論如何；anything任何事情。實際上本題中含有固定搭配anywhere between.and.，意為“數目在之間，大約”，該固定搭配也可用anywhere from.to.表示。3c考查代詞。句意為：優(yōu)秀的家庭對她的成員來說意味著很多，但絕不是全部。everything to none為部分否定，相當于good families are not everything to any one of their members.。4c考查代詞。句意為：你可以向任何人求助。這兒的每個人都愿意為你提供幫助。由前半句設置的情景可知，所填詞應為everyone。5c考查代詞。句意為：微笑是無需付出任何成本的，但是卻給予很多。cost nothing意為“無需付出”。二輪專題強化練答案精析強化練(十三)代詞1a句意為：任何人都禁不住被科幻小說帶進來的世界吸引住。cant help but do sth.忍不住做某事/禁不住做某事，為固定結構，此句的否定體現(xiàn)在主語nobody上，nobody can help but.相當于anybody cant help but.，故選a項。2d句意為：你所遇到的每一次不幸的遭遇都會帶著明天好運的種子。因此堅持下去，直到你成功。本題中的you come across為省略了關系代詞的定語從句，carry的賓語被后置了，題干的基本結構應為：each misfortune will carry the seed of tomorrows good luck with it.。it此處指代each misfortune，故選d項。3c句意為：不是每人都同意這個計劃。有些人支持，而我是反對的人中的一個。由于opposed to是一個形容詞短語，如選those who，應在opposed前加are；those指代those people，被形容詞短語opposed to it修飾，故選c項。4c句意為：一項新的研究表明朝孩子吼叫帶來的后果可能會超過打他們帶來的后果。ones可以替代泛指的可數名詞復數；that可以替代不可數名詞或可數名詞單數；these不可作替代詞；those用來替代特指的可數名詞復數，此處相當于the consequences。故選c項。5a句意為：毫無疑問，澳大利亞是一個體育之國，一個你能感受到人們對體育的熱情的國度。本題結合定語從句考查替代詞的用法。根據題意，“一個的國家”為泛指，應用one來替代；另外one后帶有定語從句，關系詞在從句中作地點狀語，需