高考單選.ppt

高考常見(jiàn)的幾種 結(jié)構(gòu) MultipleChoice解題技巧 一 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu) 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)有一個(gè)獨(dú)立的主格名詞或代詞 作邏輯主語(yǔ) 加上分詞 現(xiàn)在分詞或過(guò)去分詞 形容詞 副詞 介詞短語(yǔ)或不定式等構(gòu)成 起狀語(yǔ)作用 相當(dāng)一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句 1 theywillgoandvisitthezoo A WeatherpermittingB WeatherpermittedC WeatherbeingpermittedD Weatherhavingpermitted Shanghai86 A Iftheweatherpermits theywillgoandvisitthezoo 2 Themeeting over wealllefttheroomanddrovehome Shanghai87 A isB tobeC beingD wouldbe C Afterthemeetingwasover wealllefttheroomanddrovehome 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)還有以下幾種構(gòu)成方式 4種 1 名詞 或主語(yǔ)代詞 過(guò)去分詞Herushedintotheroom hisfacecoveredwithsweat 2 名詞 或主語(yǔ)代詞 形容詞Theweather being hot weallwentswimming 3 名詞 或主語(yǔ)代詞 介詞短語(yǔ)Flagonshoulder thesoldiersrushedtothetopofthebuilding 4 名詞 或主語(yǔ)代詞 副詞Theclass being over thestudentshandedintheirpapers practice 1 wedecidedtogoforanouting A WeatherpermittingB WeatherpermittedC IftheweatherisfineD Weatherbeingsofine D Becausetheweatherwasfine wedecidedtogoforanouting Iftheweatherpermits wewilldecidetogoforanouting 2 thereisnoschool A ItisSundayB ItwasSundayC ItwillbeSundayD ItbeingSunday D ItisSunday sothereisnoschool BecauseitisSunday thereisnoschool 3 Theexperiment theyleftthelaboratory A hadbeendoneB wasdoneC havingdoneD done D Aftertheexperimentwasdone hadbeendone theyleftthelaboratory 4 Thelastbus wehadtowalkhome A hasgoneB hadgoneC goneD havinggone D Becausethelastbushadgone wehadtowalkhome 5 Night westartedonourwayhome A settinginB setinC hadsetinD hassetin A Whennighthadsetin westartedonourwayhome 6 Hewaslyingonthegrass hishands underhishead A crossingB crossedC werecrossingD werecrossed B Hewaslyingonthegrassandhishandswerecrossedunderhishead 二 with 復(fù)合賓語(yǔ) 結(jié)構(gòu) 這是獨(dú)立主格的一種變形 也多作狀語(yǔ) 表示伴隨 狀態(tài) 原因 條件等 有時(shí)還可作定語(yǔ) 形式為 with 名詞 或代詞 賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) 1 Themurdererwasbroughtin withhishands behindhisback A beingtiedB havingtiedC tobetiedD tiedMET91 D 2 Formilesaroundmetherewasnothingbutadesert withoutasingleplantortree A insightB onearthC atadistanceD inplace Shanghai97 A 在該結(jié)構(gòu)中 能作賓補(bǔ)的除以上的過(guò)去分詞和介詞短語(yǔ)外 還有副詞 形容詞 現(xiàn)在分詞等 如 Withtheoldmanleading thetwostartedtowardsthemountains Thesquarelooksmorebeautifulthaneverwithallthelightson Hewentawaywithoutawordmorespoken practice 1 Withallthechildren athomeduringtheholidaysshehasagreatdealofworktodo A beingB wereC havingbeenD was A 2 allhisfriendsandmoneygone hefelttotallyhopeless A ForB BecauseofC WithD Butfor C Becauseofallhisfriendsandmoneyhavinggone hefelttotallyhopeless 3 Theyoungwomangotonthebus A babyinanarmB withababyinherarmsC withherbabyinarmD herbabyinthearm B babyinarm 三 動(dòng)名詞結(jié)構(gòu) 一個(gè)動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)前可以加上一個(gè)物主代詞或名詞所有格 來(lái)表示這個(gè)動(dòng)名詞的邏輯上的主語(yǔ) 這種結(jié)構(gòu)稱(chēng)為動(dòng)名詞結(jié)構(gòu) 它通常用作主語(yǔ) 賓語(yǔ) 表語(yǔ) 1 Howaboutthetwoofus awalkdownthegarden A totakeB takeC takingD tobetaking MET93 C 2 IcanhardlyimaginePeter acrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays A sailB tosailC sailingD tohavesailed MET91 C 3 Hehasalwaysinsistedonhis Dr TurnerinsteadofMr Turner A beencalledB calledC havingcalledD beingcalled D 4 Iwouldappreciate backthisafternoon A youtocallB youcallC yourcallingD you recalling NMET92 C 1 這一結(jié)構(gòu)不處于句首 常常用人稱(chēng)代詞賓格 或名詞普通格 代替物主代詞和名詞所有格 Idon tlikethemsmoking Iremembermothertellingusastoryaboutafox 2 如果動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)是無(wú)生命的東西 只用普通格 Isthereanyhopeofourteamwinningthegame 3 當(dāng)動(dòng)名詞有一個(gè)以上的邏輯主語(yǔ) 亦只用普通格 HesuggestedHanzandPaulgoingonacamping 1 Theoldman s pityonthesnakeledtohisowndeath A takeB takingC beingD have B 2 Tominsisted totheparty A onmetocomeB onmycomingC metocomeD mecoming B 3 doesn tnecessarilymeanmybeingwrong A YouarerightB YoubeingrightC YourbeingrightD Youtoberight C 4 madethesituationextremelyhardforus A LiMinghadleftB LiMingleftC LiMinghavingleftD LiMing shavingleft D 5 WhatIworriedaboutwas A theynothavingstudiedwellB theyhadn tstudiedwellC theirnothavingstudiedwellD nottheirhavingstudiedwell C 四 疑問(wèn)句 不定式 結(jié)構(gòu) 疑問(wèn)句 不定式 結(jié)構(gòu)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)名詞 常用在tell advise show findout decide discuss learn forget等動(dòng)詞或介詞后作賓語(yǔ) 1 LastsummerItookacourseon A howtomakedressesB howdressesbemadeC howtobemadedressedD howdressestobemade MET90 A 2 Therearesomanykindsoftape recordersonsalethatIcan tmakeupmymind tobuy A whatB whichC howD where NMET92 B 該結(jié)構(gòu)亦可作主語(yǔ) 且常作單數(shù)看待 Whenandwheretobuildthenewfactory yet A isnotdecidedB arenotdecidedC hasnotdecidedD havenotdecided A hasnotbeendecided 1 Thequestion hasbeenworryinghimrecently A whereistogoB wheretogoC wheretogotoD wherewashetogo B practice 2 Wemustworkoutaplanon withtherubbishassoonaspossible A whattodoB whattodealC howdoingD howdealing A 3 Ididn tknow himornot A whethertohelpB iftohelpC tohelpD ifthatIwouldhelp A 4 Doyouknow therepairs A todoB howtodoC tomakeD howtomake B 5 thisexperimentisknowntous A WhotodoB WhomtodoC HowtodoD Whattodo C 6 Thequestionwas totakethechildrentothetheatreortoleavethemathome A howB howeverC ifD whether D 五 插入語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu) 插入語(yǔ)一般僅對(duì)一句話作一些附加的解釋和說(shuō)明 而與句子的其他成分之間沒(méi)有語(yǔ)法上的關(guān)系 常見(jiàn)的插入語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)有 Ithink Ihope I mafraid Ibelieve Isuppose yousee youknow doyouthink doyouknow 1 Whichdoyouthinktastes thechickenorthefish A wellB goodC betterD best MET96 C 2 Wehaven theardfromJaneforalongtime Whatdoyousuppose toher A washappeningB tohappenC hashappenedD havinghappened MET91 C 此外一些不定式短語(yǔ)totellyouthetruth 現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)strictlyspeaking judgingfrom by也可用作插入結(jié)構(gòu) 1 fromthisfact hemustbeanhonestman A JudgingB JudgedC JudgesD Judge A practice Judgingfrom by Speakingof Talkingof Franklyspeaking 2 Generallyspeaking the arerespectedbycommonpeople A learningB learnedC learnD beinglearn B learned博學(xué)的 3 WhatdoyouthinkmadeMarysoupset hernewbicycle Shanghai97 A AsshelostB LostC LosingD Becauseoflosing C LosinghernewbicyclemadeMarysoupset 六 Therebe 結(jié)構(gòu) Therebe 名詞詞組 狀語(yǔ) 結(jié)構(gòu) 1 noneedforustodiscusstheproblemagainsinceithasalreadybeensettled A IthasB TherehasC ItisD Thereis Shanghai91 D 2 acertaindoubtamongthestudentsastothenece