浙江省奉化市高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 閱讀理解選練（5）.doc

浙江奉化市2016高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解（二輪）選練（5）閱讀理解“beijing, sep. 10 (xinhuanet)the extra-large model baby in the spain pavilion (館) was conceived (構(gòu)思) by a spanish filmmaker,” shi yingying reports. visitors admiring the 6.5-meter-high giant baby, miguelin, in the spain pavilion may be surprised to realize that it was not the concept of a famous designer or a group of groundbreaking engineers. it came from one filmmakers interpretation of the meaning of “better city, better life”. spanish director isabel coixet developed the idea after being asked to contribute to expo 2010 shanghai. “they asked me to do something to tell the chinese audience about spain in the future and the first thing jumping to my mind was a baby,” said coixet. “if we really fight to have better cars, better cities and better lives, its for themfor our children.”despite her spanish heritage, coixet doesnt focus on making spanish films or using spain as the setting. fans of her various award-winning films, including my life without me, the secret life of words and elegy, may not even be aware of coixets spanish background. “the borders between countries are just illusion (假象),” said coixet. “some directors feel really comfortable telling stories that belong to their territory.”but coixet feels the opposite: “im more comfortable outside my country. it gives me a strange freedom.”one of her favorite things about being a director is the freedom. “the thing is that the world is wide and this freedom lets you make films everywhere,” she said. coixets curiosity took her latest exploration and movie work to japan. in the movie map of the sound of tokyo, the catalan actor sergi lopez is the owner of a wine shop in tokyo, and japanese actress rinko kikuchi is a young woman who works both as a fishmonger and as a hired killer. the clash (沖突) of the two peoples very different worlds and the tango-like relationship they develop is just one representation of what coixet is able to produce by mixing cultures. while she doesnt know if she will shoot a film in shanghai, two things have caught her attention: shanghainese women and crickets (蟋蟀). after just arriving in the city, she was surprised by the mix of old chinese culture in a booming metropolis. “behind the skyscrapers, there is a flower and bird market with heaps of crickets and birdcages in,” she said. “im totally amazed with the city.”1. the huge baby represents the idea that . a. our children are the new generation full of imaginationb. our children will develop the friendship between china and spainc. our children are our futured. our children will understand the meaning of “better city, better life”2. we learn from the passage that coixets award-winning films were set. a. only in spain b. only in japanc. mainly in the countries outside spaind. mainly in the countries within europe 3. according to isabel coixet, a flower and bird market behind the high rises. a. shows people in shanghai are living a rich life spiritually and materiallyb. reflects prosperity of the marketc. indicates the chinese people are leading a peaceful lifed. represents the traditional culture of china4. from the passage we can learn that. a. isabel coixet is dissatisfied with the design of the extra-large model babyb. a mix of different cultures is reflected in isabel coixets filmsc. isabel coixet feels less comfortable while making films all over the worldd. isabel coixet designed the huge baby according to the requirement of a group of engineers【參考答案】6.ccab 閱讀理解a manhattan crossingnew yorkers like to say they can walk faster than the crosstown bus. on 34th street, buses average about four miles an hour. for those in a hurry, pretty much everyone here, its an icy pace for a crosstown trip. janette sadik-khan, the citys transportation commissioner, is proposing an interesting fix for 34th street. the city plan would close 34th street to non-bus traffic in the block between the empire state building and macys. on the rest of the street, cars would move one way only. it would take getting used to, but for bus passengers, the city says there are more than 40,000 a day on public, tour or commuter (通勤) buses along 34th street. the plan should cut the commute by up to 35 percent. people in other vehicles or about 10 percent of the human traffic would have to zig and zag (鋸齒形) to get through this section of the city. it is probably fair to say that most are not particularly pleased about the whole concept. so the city needs to answer important questions. will this unrest mean more traffic on side streets that are already unbearably crowded? will deliveries be limited to the daybreak hours? will mayor michael bloomberg and ms. sadik-khan be willing to change or drop the plan if it simply wont work? the bloomberg administration has worked to improve bus traffic around the city. an experiment to speed up city buses along fordham road in the bronx has already reduced travel time and increased passengers number. urban planners have been studying the citys crosstown problems since the first traffic jam. robert moses at one point proposed a major highway just south of 34th street, part of which would go through an office building. the question is still whether it will really make it easier to operate in manhattan. 1. whats the first paragraph mainly talk about? a. traffic in manhattan is much too bad. b. new yorkers enjoy playing jokes about their buses. c. people are hard to cross 34th street. d. an interesting fix for crowded street is being made. 2. how many measures would be taken in order to improve the traffic situation in manhattan according to this plan? a. 2b. 3c. 4d. 63. whats the purpose of the experiment by the bloomberg administration? a. to improve traffic jam. b. to reduce travel time. c. to increase ridership. d. to relieve traffic pressure. 4. according to this passage, whose proposal might be difficult to becarried out? a. janette sadik-khan.b. robert moses.c. michael bloomberg.d. ms. sadik-khan.【參考答案】7.acdb 高考英語(yǔ)書(shū)面表達(dá)考前精講精練（答案）高考“短文寫(xiě)作”指導(dǎo)一、特點(diǎn)分析湖北高考“短文寫(xiě)作”近三年來(lái)題型穩(wěn)定，呈現(xiàn)出以下特點(diǎn)：1. 體裁明顯：夾敘夾議的半開(kāi)放式作文2. 詞數(shù)增加：從100詞增加到120詞左右3. 分值加重：從25分增加到30分4. 貼近學(xué)生：題材現(xiàn)實(shí)感強(qiáng)，富于哲理性，考生易于動(dòng)筆5. 聯(lián)系教材：話題與高中教材緊密聯(lián)系 2011-2013年湖北“短文寫(xiě)作”考查情況如下表所示：年份 考查形式 考查體裁 內(nèi)容 詞數(shù)要求/范文詞數(shù) 分?jǐn)?shù) 教材相關(guān)內(nèi)容 2011英語(yǔ)提示夾敘夾議的半開(kāi)放式作文結(jié)合事例談與人合作100左右/12025分b1u1 (friendship)b7u4 (sharing)2012英語(yǔ)提示夾敘夾議的半開(kāi)放式作文結(jié)合事例談?wù)撊松^：所得與所用120左右/11830分b4u2 (working the land)2013英語(yǔ)提示夾敘夾議的半開(kāi)放式作文結(jié)合事例說(shuō)明語(yǔ)言的力量120左右/12930分b1u2 (english around the world)b4u4(body language)二、寫(xiě)作策略從寫(xiě)作形式上講，湖北高考的寫(xiě)作題型是比較典型的三段(或兩段)式作文，即：引入段敘述段總結(jié)段。引入段：從寫(xiě)作話題入手，提出一個(gè)問(wèn)題或引出一個(gè)故事。一般由一句或兩句簡(jiǎn)短的話語(yǔ)組成。敘述段：短文的主體。講述一個(gè)與寫(xiě)作話題相關(guān)，能證明中心思想的故事。這個(gè)故事往往是由作者“講述”而非直接“敘述”，人物的活動(dòng)或語(yǔ)言是由作者描述和轉(zhuǎn)述，很少直接引用，故而用詞不多，篇幅不大。總結(jié)段：作者講述故事之后，用一到兩句話概括蘊(yùn)含在其中的哲理，從所講述的故事中，表達(dá)作者的感想和體會(huì)，與前文的引入段遙相呼應(yīng)，從而結(jié)束文章的寫(xiě)作。根據(jù)情況，有時(shí)第一段的引入可以略去不寫(xiě)，而直接進(jìn)入故事部分。從寫(xiě)作實(shí)質(zhì)上講，湖北近三年的短文寫(xiě)作題體現(xiàn)了考試說(shuō)明中“在考查考生的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言知識(shí)和語(yǔ)言技能的基礎(chǔ)上，突出考查考生的綜合語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力，特別是運(yùn)用英語(yǔ)獲取信息、處理信息、以及分析問(wèn)題和解決問(wèn)題的能力”的要求，考生首先要能挖掘并提煉出所給材料的人文信息，從自己的生活經(jīng)歷或體驗(yàn)中感悟出一定的道理或哲理；其次，考生要有較強(qiáng)的語(yǔ)言控制能力，能用120左右的詞來(lái)講述一個(gè)事例，做到收放有度，詳略得當(dāng)，語(yǔ)言精準(zhǔn)、到位。三、解題方法湖北高考的短文寫(xiě)作必須有“審題擬點(diǎn) (構(gòu)思)組句成文潤(rùn)色 (修改)”等過(guò)程。下面我們以2013年湖北高考英語(yǔ)卷短文寫(xiě)作試題為例，談?wù)劙腴_(kāi)放式作文的寫(xiě)作方法。原題：請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下提示，并結(jié)合事例，用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一篇短文。we all know that “sticks and stones may break our bones”, but we should also be aware that words can hurt people, too.注意：無(wú)須寫(xiě)標(biāo)題，不得照抄英語(yǔ)提示語(yǔ)；除詩(shī)歌外，文體不限；文中不得透露個(gè)人姓名和學(xué)校名稱(chēng)；詞數(shù)為120左右。第一步：審題考生動(dòng)筆前要仔細(xì)閱讀試題，明確寫(xiě)作要求。審題包括審要求、審文體、審結(jié)構(gòu)和核心內(nèi)容、審時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)以及審人稱(chēng)等。 1. 審要求。本題要求考生根據(jù)提示，結(jié)合事例來(lái)寫(xiě)作。還有注意事項(xiàng)中的4條都要審清楚。2. 審文體。此篇要求考生結(jié)合具體事例寫(xiě)觀點(diǎn)或體會(huì)，屬于夾敘夾議短文。3. 審結(jié)構(gòu)。根據(jù)要求，可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，本題寫(xiě)作結(jié)構(gòu)同前幾年一樣，仍可按三段式來(lái)完成。4. 審時(shí)態(tài)。講述的事例是發(fā)生在過(guò)去的事情，因此用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；議論部分是客觀哲理，應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。5. 審內(nèi)容。此篇寫(xiě)作屬于半開(kāi)放性作文，雖有一定的限制，但“敘”和“議”部分留給考生很大的自由發(fā)揮空間。考生應(yīng)該首先從英語(yǔ)提示中提取主題，“sticks and stones may break our bones”, but words can hurt people, too.”漢語(yǔ)的意思是“棍棒和石頭能折斷我們的骨頭，而語(yǔ)言也能傷人”，因而我們可以進(jìn)一步理解為“對(duì)別人的傷害有兩種：一是肉體的傷害，一是精神的傷害”。雖然語(yǔ)言的傷害是無(wú)形的，但影響更深刻，更強(qiáng)烈，因此我們?cè)诟鷦e人講話時(shí)要注意場(chǎng)合和對(duì)象。漢語(yǔ)和英語(yǔ)中類(lèi)似的說(shuō)法有很多，如：“the tongue is not steel, yet it cuts.(人言可畏)”“良言一句三冬暖，惡語(yǔ)傷人六月寒”。第二步：擬點(diǎn)審題之后，考生要擬出短文的基本要點(diǎn)，如：寫(xiě)一個(gè)什么故事來(lái)說(shuō)明“話語(yǔ)傷人”的道理；找出說(shuō)明這個(gè)故事起因、經(jīng)過(guò)和結(jié)果的動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，如：hurt，feeling，disappointed，turn down，go white，sorry等；有時(shí)還可以構(gòu)思一些必要的句型。然后理順要點(diǎn)，不遺漏信息，使要表達(dá)的內(nèi)容條理清晰。 第三步：聯(lián)句將列出的要點(diǎn)連成句，這是較為關(guān)鍵的一步。完成這個(gè)步驟要注意： 書(shū)面表達(dá)重在達(dá)意，不可直譯，要用自己最有把握的短語(yǔ)或句型將意思完整、 準(zhǔn)確地表達(dá)出來(lái)。 無(wú)法用英語(yǔ)表達(dá)相對(duì)應(yīng)的漢語(yǔ)意思時(shí)，不要輕易放棄，可用相近的話語(yǔ)來(lái)解釋說(shuō)明。 在敘述部分，還要寫(xiě)明時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物和結(jié)果。第四步：成文將寫(xiě)好的句子組成段落。要注意使用一些表示并列、遞進(jìn)、讓步、轉(zhuǎn)折、因果等意義的關(guān)聯(lián)詞語(yǔ)，以增強(qiáng)文章的連貫性和邏輯性。 第五步：潤(rùn)色有意識(shí)地將一些“低級(jí)詞匯”轉(zhuǎn)換成“高級(jí)詞匯”，將一些“簡(jiǎn)單結(jié)構(gòu)”轉(zhuǎn)換成“復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)”，以凸顯文章亮點(diǎn)，增加得高分的機(jī)會(huì)。但要注意，“低級(jí)”與“高級(jí)”是相對(duì)而言的，不可為追求“高級(jí)”而把“低級(jí)(本質(zhì))”的東西丟掉了。在高考考場(chǎng)里，由于時(shí)間比較緊，打草稿這一步可能無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn)，這就要注意打腹稿，構(gòu)思好，盡量少改，保持卷面整潔。范文my deskmate admires my fluent english very much and i usually feel encouraged by his compliments.one day, when we learned the new word “eccentric” in class, we were asked to make a sentence with it. i volunteered to do it by saying “my deskmate is an eccentric boy whose clothes never fit him.” hearing this, the whole class burst into laughter and my deskmates face turned red. after class, i learned from the teacher that my deskmate would have dropped out of school if he hadnt been helped by others. my mindless words must have hurt him deeply.not until then did i realize words could be powerful in both positive and negative ways. we should avoid hurting others if we cant always be encouraging when we speak.點(diǎn)評(píng)：本范文很好地采用了“三段式”的結(jié)構(gòu)完成了寫(xiě)作。短文整體結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，層次清晰，段落分明，邏輯性強(qiáng)，給人以流暢、明快的感覺(jué)。在語(yǔ)言上，一是較好地運(yùn)用了倒裝句式(not until then did i )，狀語(yǔ)從句(when we learned)，賓語(yǔ)從句(i learned from the teacher that)，定語(yǔ)從句(whose clothes)，條件狀語(yǔ)從句(if we cant)，虛擬語(yǔ)氣(my deskmate would have. if he)等表現(xiàn)力強(qiáng)的句式結(jié)