河南省虞城縣第一初級中學(xué)八年級英語上冊 Unit 14 知識點(diǎn)梳理 （新版）人教新目標(biāo)版.doc

unit1-4u3回顧.words: quietlyquiet+ly clearly loudly fantastic serious(more serious/ the most serious) information primary schooltalented 1）be talented in sth. 2）be interested in sth. 3）be good at =do well in 做得好 be good for 對有益necessary (it is necessary/important for sb. to do sth.) similar 1） look similar: my brother and i look similar. 2） be similar to phrase (短語)： singing competitioncare：1） take care 小心=watch out2) take care of 3) care about 關(guān)心reach 到達(dá) 1）reach somewhere reach the station reach shanghai2）arrive in +大地點(diǎn)（beijing）arrive at +小地點(diǎn)（station）3）get to+ 地點(diǎn) get to the school注意：如果接there, here, home 等這樣的副詞時， 去掉前面的介詞eg. get home , get there, arrive hereas long as both 用法both 用在be動詞后 行為動詞前 we are both students. we both feel like sleeping.both a and b+復(fù)數(shù)形式both of sb. +復(fù)數(shù)形式 both 和all 的區(qū)別：both 表示“兩者都”， all 表示“三者或三者以上都”the same as 1.be different from (there are some differences between a and b)2.make a difference to sb./sth.對.產(chǎn)生影響。in fact break-broke laugh： 出聲的笑 make sb laugh laugh at sb. 微笑，smileas +原級+as have a good time =enjoy oneself enjoy 的用法 enjoy doing sth. feel 的用法 feel sth.+adj. (通過觸摸感覺到的)感覺 feel the water so cold feel sb./sth. +do eg. i feel somebody touch my shoulder feel like +doing sth. 想要 i feel like sleeping.bring out 拿出，取出，呈現(xiàn)，出版unit 4section a. 單元重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容1 形容詞或副詞的最高級1） 寫下下列形容詞或副詞的最高級big_ comfortable_ hot_thin_ expensive_ badly_bad_ friendly_ heavy_2.)用法：a最高級用于三者或三者以上的人或事物的比較，最高級前一般加定冠詞the, 標(biāo)志性詞有of , in ,(如果最高級前有形容詞性物主代詞my, her, his, our等時，去掉the), my(her, his, our, its)不能同時出現(xiàn)在名詞前。 eg. jane is the tallest students in our class. he runs the fastest of the three boys. she is my best friend in our class.b. 表示“第幾（大，長，）”時：the+序數(shù)詞+形容詞最高級，the second longest river the yangtze river is the first longest river in china.練習(xí)1) jenny is one of _ girls in our school.a. creative b. the creative c. much creative d. the most creative2) our life is getting _now. a. good and good b. better and better c. well and well d. more and more3) _ all the boys in his class, tom is the shortest. a. in b. for c. from d. of4) he is a very _ student. he does homework _in our class. a. careful, carefully b. careful, the most carefully c. carefully, careful d. the most careful, the most carefully 2.comfortable adj. 反義詞 _, 副詞_. 比較級_, 最高級_. eg. 1) he takes _seat in the theater. (最舒服的)2) he lives here _ .(最舒服地)3) what he said made everyone feel _. 3.seat n. “座位” 短語：take ones seat take my seat have a seat= sit down 4. close , near 1) v. 關(guān)上 close the window 反義詞 open (close 和open是關(guān)上或打開沒有電的東西，而turn on 打開 turn off 關(guān)閉是有電東西) eg. turn on the light. turn off the tv. 2) adj. 接近，靠近， 親密的 you are my close friend. closer ,closest close to 離近 close to home , close to the school3) adv. my uncle stands close to the door. 5. some 在否定句或一般疑問句中用any 代替, 但是在肯定疑問句中：說話人期望得到肯定回答，或請求/建議別人時， 用some。 would you like句式中，表委婉請求或建議，如： would you like some coffee?表示向別人委婉的請求 6. 在城鎮(zhèn) _ 不加定冠詞the. eg. go to town, 而城市前要加the, go to the city. 7. how do you like it so far? how do you like ?= what do you think of ? eg. -how do you like the movies?= _. - i like it very much. 8. 感謝你的幫忙 1）thanks _your help. 2) thanks a lot _helping me. 9. 修飾形容詞原級的詞： quite , pretty, very 修飾形容詞比較級的詞：much, even, far , a lot, rather 修飾形容詞最高級的詞：by far, 最高級的短語： at least, at ones happiest, 10. notat all 一點(diǎn)也不 the menu had only 10 dishes and the service was not good at all.not at all. 沒關(guān)系，不客氣。 -im sorry i am late. -not at all. we havent had the meeting. 11. no problem 1）用于答謝別人，意為“不用謝，別客氣”=youre welcome./ not at all. 2)表示自己有能力做某事。 -can you finish your home by yourself? -no problem. 3) 表示同意或愉快回答別人的請求，“沒問題，小事一樁” -could you post the letter for me ? -no problem. 練習(xí)1. the customers are pleased with the _ of the restaurant.a. balance b. experience c. surface d. service2. the supermarket is the _ my home. i usually do some shopping in it. a. closest b. farthest c. closest to d. near3. what do you think _ the talk show? a. on b. / c. of d. over4. _ is very important for us to learn another foreign language. a. this b. that c. it d. these句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. its ten minutes walk. (就劃線部分提問)_ _ is it?2. what do you think of their service? (改為同義句)_ do you _ their service?3. hes much _ than any other actors in that movie. (改為同義句)he is _ _ actors in that movie.4. nobody is more creative than jim. (改為同義句)jim is _ _ of all.section b.重點(diǎn)單詞，短語，句型1. 小天才秀 _ 脫口秀_2. watch sb. do sth. 表示看到了動作發(fā)生的全過程 watch sb. doing sth. 表示看到了某人的部分動作正在進(jìn)行或連續(xù)性。 1)與此用法類似的加不帶to 的動詞不定式的詞有：表示動作的全過程或完整性 一感：feel 二聽：listen to, hear 三讓：let (let 后只能加動詞原形), make, have 四看：see, watch. notice, observe 還有一個“半幫助”help sb. do sth. =help sb. to do sth. 2)接動名詞doing 形式的動詞或短語 feel like, finish, enjoy, keep, 2. 表示越來越的表達(dá)方式 get +比較級and 比較級， 但是在比較級是以“more +adj.”構(gòu)成的這樣的多音節(jié)的比較級時，要用“get more and more +adj.”eg. 1) you will get better and better. 2) talent shows are getting more and more popular.3. have . in common , look similar 1) 有共同的。 jane and i have nothing in common.= i have nothing in common with jane. the two countries have a lot in common 2) 與。一樣 in common with the same . as common 1) 眾所周知的；共有的 common knowledge 常識2) 普通的，平凡的；平民的 common people 4. try to do sth. /try doing sth.5. look for sth. 表示找的動作 find sth. 表示找的結(jié)果 find out 查明 we must find out the truth of the matter. im looking for the keys. (表示正在找，找沒找到還不確定) i can find the keys. (表示找的結(jié)果或者有能力找到) look after =take care of look like 看起來像。 it looks like rain. have a look 看一看 let me have a look. look +adj. 好像 he looks tired. look at sth. 看著，表示看的動作。please look at the blackboard.see sth 看見。 表示看的結(jié)果。i can see two girls read books.5. and so on 等等 用于舉例子 there are some apples, pears and so on.6. for example 例如7. around the world around 表示“在周圍”around two oclock =about two oclock 大約8. kind 1)n. 表示種類, 可數(shù)名詞 all kinds of music kind of 有點(diǎn)，有幾分 i feel kind of hungry. its kind of noisy. 2)adj. 和藹的 親切的友好的 sb. is kind to sb. 某人對誰很好,很和藹。 eg. my teacher is very kind to me.9. join 加入，參加=take part in sth. join the party =take part in the party .參軍，join the army10. play the piano , play football11. thats up to you. 取決于你，你自己決定 its up to sb. to do sth. eg. whether you will join the shows is up to your teacher.its up to you to decide. decide to do sth. i decide to join the party.11. play a role in “在。 中發(fā)揮著作用，或扮演角色” he plays an important role in the movie. they usually play a role in deciding the winner.12. prize 1)n. get a good prize/receive a prize 一等獎 first prize 二等獎 second prize13. 翻譯 1）并不是所有的學(xué)生都喜歡英語 _ _ the students like english. 2）both of them are not good at dancing. 3)并不是每個人都對這部電影感興趣。_ _ is _ _ this movie.14.被動語態(tài) be done by sb. make up 1）編造 2）喬裝打扮 she spent an hour making herself up 15. for example 例如，作為插入語，用逗號隔開 poor -rich be poor in in fact seriously come true16. and one great thing about them is that they give people a way to make their dreams come true. 1) give 的用法 give sb sth. =give sth. to sb. (tell, show, bring, teach) 2）make sb. do sth. make sth. do 一翻譯1. 你認(rèn)為你們班級誰唱歌最好？who _sings the best in your class?2. 讓我們?nèi)プ罱囊患绎埖瓿酝盹埌?。lets go to _ _ restaurant for supper. 3. 謝謝你告訴我去郵局的路。_ _ _ me the way to the post office.4. 李磊是我所知道的個子最高的人。li lei is the _ person _ _.5. 這個男孩喜歡各種各樣的體育活動。the boy enjoys _ _ _ sports activities.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. i saw him _out.（go）2. he has got _ (越來越瘦) because of the bad cold.3. the two men had little _commona. out b. with c in d like4. look! what is the baby _? oh. he _ a little car. a. finding, looks for b. looking for, finds. c. look for, looks for d. looking for, is finding5. could you please help me _ my baby？i will come later. a. have a look b. look after c. look for d. look like e. look out6. thanks a lot. youre very kind _ me. a. for b. of c. with d. to7. what you can see in the zoo are just _ （各種各樣的猴子） 8. ill have a birthday party on weekends. who will join the party _me. and i will _ to buy something for my party a. are up to, go b. is up to, want c. are up to, make d. is up to, decide9. the winner will get a good _.(獎品)10. _ likes to watch tv. a. no everyone b. everyone not c. not everyone d. everyone no11.some think that the lives of the performers are _. a. make up of b. make up c. made up of d. made up12. one great thing _ that they give people a way to make their dreams _ a. is , come true b. are , coming true c. are, come truly d. is, coming true13. who can _ (彈鋼琴) the best and _ (sing) the most _.(beautiful) 一key phrases of unit 1 section a1.呆在家_ 2.去夏令營_3.去度假_ 4.和某人一起去_5.買一些特別的東西_ 6.遇見有趣的人_7.去有趣的地方_ 8.為考試而學(xué)習(xí)_9.好久不見_ 10.拍許多照片_11.玩得開心（3種）_ 12寫日記_13.看起來是無聊的_ 14.再見_15為自己買一些東西_section b 1.到達(dá)（三種）_ 2. 決定去做某事 _3.嘗試去做某事_ 4.努力去做某事_5.感覺像_ 6.在過去_7.喜歡走路_ 8.開始下雨_9.太多人_ 10.嘗起來不錯_11.由于壞天氣_ 12.另外兩個小時_ 13.山頂_ 14.找出，查明_ 15.如此以至于_ 16.保持做某事_ 17出來_ key phrases of unit 21.去看電影_ 2.使用英特網(wǎng)_3.在某方面幫助某人_ 4. 很忙 （full）_ 忙于做某事_5.多久一次_ 6。上鋼琴課_7.一周一次_ 8.一周兩次_9.一周三次_ 10.幾乎不_11.熬夜_ 12.多少小時_ 13.有利于_14擅長_ 15與某人相處的好_ 16在他們的業(yè)余時間_ 17.問某人關(guān)于某事_18.一點(diǎn)也不_ 19.上網(wǎng)_20.對感到驚訝_ 21 .至少_22.問題的答案_ 23.通過使用英特網(wǎng)_24例如，像_ 25. 與某人一起度過時間_26.一個十六歲的中學(xué)生_ 27像一樣_28.害怕去做某事_ 29.超過兩個小時_二key points 1.不定代詞和不定副詞構(gòu)成：由some, any, no, every分別加上-body, -thing, -one構(gòu)成的不定代詞叫做合成不定代詞；加上-where構(gòu)成副詞。some-不定代詞，通常用于肯定句中；any-不定代詞則多用于否定句、疑問句和條件狀語從句中。但some-可用于表請求、邀請、預(yù)料對方會作肯定回答時的疑問句中。someone called on her last week. there isnt anyone else there.is anybody over there? could you give me something to eat?形容詞修飾不定代詞時，通常要放在不定代詞之后。there is something wrong with your eyes.exercises用不定代詞或不定副詞填空：1. i cant hear anything = i can hear _.2. there is _ on the floor. please pick it up.3. did _ go to play basketball with you ?4. i phoned you last night, but _ answered it.5. i dont think _ telephoned.6. why dont you ask _ to help you ?7. if you want _ , please let me know.8. shall we get _ to drink ?9. dont worry. theres _ wrong with your ears.10. theres _ in the box. its empty.2. sometimes 有時辨析：sometimes ，some times ，sometime ， some time sometimes 有時候。=at times也是“有時”的意思。some times 幾次。time作可數(shù)名詞時可作“次數(shù)”解；表示“時間”時是不可數(shù)名詞。sometime 某個時候?？芍高^去或?qū)淼哪硞€時候。some time 一段時間。常與for連用。對它提問用how long 。 口訣記憶：分開“一段時間” ；相聚“某個時候”。 eg：sometimes i get up very late. 有時我起床很晚。 i will go to shanghai sometime next week. 下周某個時候我要去上海。 he reads the story some times. 他讀這個故事幾遍了。 ill stay here for some time. 我將會在這兒呆一段時間。exercises we plan to stay in hainan for . 我們打算在海南呆一段時間。 i am sure that we have met before. 我肯定我們之前見過幾次了。 i have letters from him. 有時我會收到他的來信。3.i go to the movies maybe once a month. 我大概每月去看一次電影。 go to the movies _ maybe 意為“也許，大概，可能”，常位于句首。 eg：maybe he knows tom. 也許他認(rèn)識tom。辨析：maybe 和may be maybe “也許，大概，可能”。（一般放句首）maybe you are right. 也許你是對的。may be “可能是，也許是”。 為“情態(tài)動詞+be動詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。（位于句中）you may be right. 你也許是對的。 lily an english teacher. lily可能是一名英語老師。 =_ 4. seem + 形容詞 看起來. you seem happy today.seem + to do sth. 似乎、好像做某事 i seem to have a cold it seems / seemed + 從句 看起來好像；似乎. it seems that no one believe you. seem like .好像，似乎. it seems like a god idea. 5、too many 太多，后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)： mother bought too many eggs yesterday.too much 太多，修飾不可數(shù)名詞，修飾動詞作狀語。much too 太，修飾形容詞或副詞。 youre walking much too fast.分辨三者的口訣： too much, much too, 用法區(qū)別看后頭： much 后接不可數(shù)， too 后修飾形或副。too many 要記住，后面名詞必復(fù)數(shù)。6. arrive in + 大地方 / arrive at + 小地方 到達(dá)某地 get to reach 7. decide to do sth. 決定做某事8. try doing sth. 嘗試做某事 / try to do sth. 盡力做某事9. enjoy doing sth. 喜歡做某事10.反身代詞的用法 myself / youself (yourselves) / herself / himself / itself / ourselves / themselves enjoy oneself help oneself to11.bored 與 boring excited 與exciting relaxed 與relaxing12.feel like +doing 13.becauce of 與because 14.have fun doing 15.hear sb do / doing 16.keep+doing 17.so that 18why not = why dont you 19.it is good to relax by using the internet or watching game shows. 句中it 為形式主語，真正的主語是后面的動詞不定式短語。此句型結(jié)構(gòu)為：its+adj+（for sb.）+to do sth. 意為 “（對某人來說）做某事是的”。 eg：its very important to listen carefully in class. its easy for us to swim. its very hard for him to study english. -i often have hamburgers for unch. -youd better not. its bad for you too much junk food. a.eat b.to eat c.eating d. ate20. exercise such as playing sports is fun，and you can spend time with your friends and family as you play together. such as 意為“比如，例如” eg: i have a lot of hobbies, such as reading and singing. spend 意為“度過” 或“花費(fèi)（時間、金錢）”。 eg: come and spend the weekend with us. 來和我們一起度過周末吧重點(diǎn)：1. spend timemoney on sth. 在.上花費(fèi)時間或金錢 he didnt spend much time on his homework. 他沒在作業(yè)方面花很多時間。 i spend 200 yuan on a new coat. _ 2. spend timemoney （in） doing sth. 花費(fèi)時間或金錢做某事 he always spend his time playing football. _eg: i enjoy playing computer games,but i cant too much time that. a.take, doing b.spend, doing c.spend, for doing d.take, to do21.she says she is afraid. 她說她害怕。1.be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事eg：i am afraid to travel by plane. 我害怕乘飛機(jī)旅行。2.be afraid of sb. sth. 害怕某人某物 be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事 eg：she is afraid of the dog. 她害怕那只狗。 dont be afraid of asking questions. 不要怕問問題。 be afraid to do sth.= 害怕做某事一、單項(xiàng)選擇 1. she is new here, so she has _friends at school. a, much b. few c. little d. a little 2. the cakes _ good. can i have some more? a. sound b. taste c. feel d. smell 3. 一where were you last saturday? 一i _ _in the capital museum a. am b. will be c. was d. have been 4. 一what else do you need for your trip? 一_else. ive packed everything. a. something b. everything c. nothing d. anything5. 一help _to some fruits. 一thank you. a. yourself b. your c.you d.yours6. 一i am going to london for a holiday next month. 一_!a.have a good time b. its terrible c. good job d. what a pity 7. 一excuse me. could i get into the morn to get my book back ? 一_, but no one except the head master is allowed to enter it from yesterday on. a. of course, go ahead b. all right c. im sorry d. never mind 8. youd better not read todays newspaper because there is _ in it. a. nothing