小學(xué)英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài).doc

動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí): 表示經(jīng)常性、規(guī)律性習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或現(xiàn)在存在的狀態(tài)。 結(jié)構(gòu)：1. 動(dòng)作詞一般用原形，但如果是第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)時(shí)（如Tony ，he ，she ），動(dòng)作詞用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式，即加s 或 es ; 在主語(yǔ)前加do, does幫助疑問(wèn)句，后面的動(dòng)詞用原形；在動(dòng)作詞前加dont, doesnt 幫助否定句，后面的動(dòng)詞用原形。2. 句子中沒(méi)動(dòng)作詞時(shí)，用be動(dòng)詞：is , am , are ； is , am , are 放在主語(yǔ)前幫助疑問(wèn)句；is , am , are 后面加上not幫助否定句。3. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can, may, should，must引起的句子是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，后面接動(dòng)詞用原形； can, may, should，must 放在主語(yǔ)前幫助疑問(wèn)句，后面接動(dòng)詞用原形；can, may, should, must后面加上not幫助否定句，后面接動(dòng)詞用原形。 4. 肯定祈使：動(dòng)詞原形 + 其它 否定祈使句：Dont +動(dòng)詞原形 + 其它 5感嘆句： What a mess! What a beautiful desert! What beautiful flowers! What+(形)名 How beautiful! How beautiful the flower is! How beautiful the flowers are! How+形A. 肯定句：(非第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù))主語(yǔ)+V+其它 We come from China.(第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù))主語(yǔ)+Vs+其它 He comes from China.主語(yǔ)+be (is, am, are)+其它 We are from China.主語(yǔ)+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(can, may, should, must)+V+其它 She must go.B. 否定句：(非第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù))主語(yǔ)+dont +V+其它 We dont come from China. (第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)) 主語(yǔ)+doesnt +V+其它 He doesnt come from China.主語(yǔ)+be (is, am, are) not+其它 I arent from China.主語(yǔ)+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(can, may, should, must)+not +V+其它C一般疑問(wèn)句：Do +(非第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù))主語(yǔ)+V+其它 Do you come from China?Does +(第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù))主語(yǔ)+V+其它 Does he come from China? be (Is, Am, Are)+主語(yǔ)+其它 Are you from China?情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(Can, May, Should, Must)+主語(yǔ)+ V+其它 She cant go.D特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+do +(非第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù))主語(yǔ)+V+其它 Where do you come from? 特殊疑問(wèn)詞+does +(第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù))主語(yǔ)+Vs+其它 Where does he come from? 特殊疑問(wèn)詞+be (is, am, are)+主語(yǔ)+其它 Where are you from? 特殊疑問(wèn)詞+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(Can, May, Should, Must)+主語(yǔ)+ V+其它 Can she go?二、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí): 表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。 結(jié)構(gòu)：1. be動(dòng)詞( is , am , are) + 動(dòng)詞ing (現(xiàn)在分詞)； is , am , are 放在主語(yǔ)前幫助疑問(wèn)句，后面的動(dòng)詞加ing；is , am , are 后面加上not幫助否定句，后面的動(dòng)詞加ing。A. 肯定句:主語(yǔ)+be（is, am, are）+Ving+其它 They are coming here. B. 否定句：主語(yǔ)+be（is, am, are）+not +Ving+其它They arent coming here.C. 一般疑問(wèn)句：be（Is, Am, Are）+主語(yǔ)+ Ving+其它 Are they coming here?D. 特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+ be（is, am, are）+主語(yǔ)+ Ving+其它 What are they doing?三、一般過(guò)去時(shí)：表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生了的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。 結(jié)構(gòu)：1. 動(dòng)作詞用過(guò)去式(ed ) ； 在主語(yǔ)前加did幫助疑問(wèn)句，后面的動(dòng)詞用原形；在動(dòng)作詞前加didnt幫助否定句，后面的動(dòng)詞用原形。2. 句子中沒(méi)動(dòng)作詞時(shí)，用be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式：was , were； was , were 放在主語(yǔ)前幫助疑問(wèn)句；was , were后面加上not幫助否定句。A. 肯定句：主語(yǔ)+Ved+其它 We came from China 主語(yǔ)+be (was, were)+其它 We were from China. B. 否定句：主語(yǔ)+didnt +V +其它 We didnt come from China. 主語(yǔ)+be (was, were) +not+其它 We werent from China.C一般疑問(wèn)句：Did +主語(yǔ)+V +其它 Did you come from China? be (Was, Were)+主語(yǔ)+其它 Were you from China?D特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+ did +主語(yǔ)+V +其它 Where did you from? 特殊疑問(wèn)詞+ be (was, were)+主語(yǔ)+其它 Where were from?四、一般將來(lái)時(shí)：表示將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。 結(jié)構(gòu)：1. be going to + 動(dòng)詞原形 is , am , are 放在主語(yǔ)前幫助疑問(wèn)句；is , am , are 后面加上not幫助否定句。2. will+ 動(dòng)詞原形will放在主語(yǔ)前幫助疑問(wèn)句，后面接動(dòng)詞用原形；will后面加上not幫助否定句，后面接動(dòng)詞用原形。A. 肯定句：主語(yǔ)+will +V +其它 He will dig a hole.主語(yǔ)+ be going to +V +其它 He is going to dig a hole. B. 否定句：主語(yǔ)+will not +V +其它 He wont dig a hole.主語(yǔ)+ be not going go +V +其它 He isnt going to dig a hole. C一般疑問(wèn)句：Will+主語(yǔ)+V+其它 Will he dig a hole? Be(Is, Am, Are) +主語(yǔ)going to +V+其它 Is he going to did a hole? D特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+will+主語(yǔ)+V+其它 What will he do? 特殊疑問(wèn)詞+be(is, am, are) +主語(yǔ)going to +V+其它 What is he going to do?五、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：表示過(guò)去某時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。結(jié)構(gòu)：1. be動(dòng)詞( was, were) + 動(dòng)詞ing； was, were 放在主語(yǔ)前幫助疑問(wèn)句，后面的動(dòng)詞加ing；was, were后面加上not幫助否定句，后面的動(dòng)詞加ing。A. 肯定句:主語(yǔ)+be（was, were）+Ving He was digging a hole.B. 否定句：主語(yǔ)+be（was, were）+not +Ving He wasnt digging a hole.C. 一般疑問(wèn)句：be（Was, Were）+主語(yǔ)+ Ving Was he digging a hole?D. 特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+ be（was, were）+主語(yǔ)+ Ving What was he doing（二）時(shí)態(tài)意義與結(jié)構(gòu)一覽表：時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)意義與動(dòng)詞主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式常用時(shí)間肯定句否定句(特殊)疑問(wèn)句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)1.表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)。be動(dòng)詞三單isis not (疑問(wèn)詞) is +主語(yǔ)always,often, nowusually,sometimes,ever, never, in the morningin the afternoon,in the evening,at night,on Sunday,everyonce a week,twice a month,3 times a yearIamam not(疑問(wèn)詞)am+主語(yǔ)you,復(fù)areare not(疑問(wèn)詞)are+主語(yǔ)2. 表示經(jīng)常性習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作、興趣愛(ài)好或能力。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞所有主語(yǔ)can +Vcan not +V(疑問(wèn)詞)can +主語(yǔ)+Vmay +Vmay not +V(疑問(wèn)詞)may+主語(yǔ)+Vmust +Vmust not +V(疑問(wèn)詞)must+主語(yǔ)+Vshould +Vshould not +V(疑問(wèn)詞)should+主語(yǔ)+V行為動(dòng)詞三單Vsdoesnt +V(疑問(wèn)詞)does +主語(yǔ)+V非三單Vdont +V(疑問(wèn)詞)do +主語(yǔ)+V3.祈使句be無(wú)BeDont beBe quick. Dont be worried.行為無(wú)VDont +VListen to me. Dont push.4.感嘆句What a mess! What a beautiful desert! What beautiful flowers!How beautiful! How beautiful the flower is! How beautiful the flowers are!一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去了的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。be動(dòng)詞單waswas not(疑問(wèn)詞) was +主語(yǔ)yesterday,this morning,before that,last復(fù)+youwerewere not(疑問(wèn)詞)were+主語(yǔ)行為所有主語(yǔ)Veddidnt +V(疑問(wèn)詞)did +主語(yǔ)+V現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。行為動(dòng)詞三單is +Vingis not +Ving(疑問(wèn)詞) is +主語(yǔ)+Vingnow,Listen!Look!WheresIam +Vingam not +Ving(疑問(wèn)詞)am+主語(yǔ)+Vingyou,復(fù)are +Vingare not +Ving(疑問(wèn)詞)are+主語(yǔ)+Ving過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。行為單youwas +Vingwas not +Ving(疑問(wèn)詞)was+主語(yǔ)+Vingyesterdaythis morningat that timeat nine 復(fù)+youwere +Vingwere not +Ving(疑問(wèn)詞)were+主語(yǔ)+Ving一般將來(lái)時(shí)表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。1be所有主語(yǔ)will+ bewont+ be(疑問(wèn)詞)will+主語(yǔ)+ betomorrow,this evenin