八年級英語上冊 Module4精品備課資料 外研版.doc

教學資料參考范本八年級英語上冊 Module4精品備課資料 外研版撰寫人：_時 間：_三點剖析單詞典句考點 since conj.自從【經(jīng)典例句】They have been friends since childhood.他們自幼時起一直是好朋友。【考點聚焦】 1)since和for短語都可表示時間段,since 后接時間點,而for后接時間段。如:since two days ago/20xx/last week;for two days/three years/five hours2)since后還可接從句,從句使用一般過去時。如:She has taught here since she left school.自從畢業(yè)以來,她一直在這兒教書。3)對for或since提問時,都用how long?！净顚W活用】1.對畫線部分提問Wei Hua has been ill since her mother left. 答案：How long has Wei Hua been ill?raise v.籌集;收集【經(jīng)典例句】Our aim is to raise money for a charity.我們的目的是為慈善組織籌錢?！究键c聚焦】1)注意:raise還常作“舉起,抬高”講,如:raise your hand 舉起手來。2)形近詞:rise v.上升,不及物動詞。如:The sun rises in the east every day.太陽每天從東方升起。importantadj.重要的【經(jīng)典例句】Its very important to learn English because it is widely used in the world.學英語很重要,因為它在世界范圍內(nèi)廣泛使用?！究键c聚焦】1)派生詞:importance n. 重要性,the importance of. 意思是“的重要性”;2)important 一詞常用在“Its important for sb.to do sth.”句型中,表示“做某事對某人來說很重要”?！净顚W活用】2.選擇 is very important for people to protect the environment.A.ThisB.ThatC.It D.They答案：Cill adj.生病的【經(jīng)典例句】She cant go to school because she is ill.她不能上學了,因為她病了?！究键c聚焦】 1)派生詞:illness n.病2)同義詞辨析:ill和sick都有“生病”之意,ill作“生病的”講時只可作表語,不可作定語;sick既可作定語,又可作表語。如:a sick person 一個病人?！净顚W活用】3.單句改錯The ill boy has been ill in bed for three days.答案：第一個ill改為sickluckily adv.幸運地【經(jīng)典例句】He passed the exam luckily.他幸運地通過了考試。【考點聚焦】1)luckily可修飾動詞或整個句子,如:Luckily,he is not badly ill.幸虧他病得不重。2)派生詞:luck n. 運氣。如:Good luck to you!祝你好運!lucky adj.幸運的,幸虧。如:You are really a lucky dog.你真是個幸運兒。3)反義詞:unluckily不幸地;同義詞:fortunately?！净顚W活用】4.用所給詞的正確形式填空He is too to pass the exam.But ,he can take an exam again.Wish him good next time.(luck)答案：unlucky;luckily;luckpoint n.點,分;v.指著,指【經(jīng)典例句】We won by 5 points.我們贏了5分?！究键c聚焦】1)用于讀小數(shù)時,如:2.3讀作two point three;2)point 作動詞時,常用在point at/to短語中,意思是“指著,指向”,如:Its impolite to point to/at others with your chopsticks.用筷子指著別人是不禮貌的。短語典句考點 get on with 與相處【經(jīng)典例句】 Im getting on well with my classmates.我和同學們相處得很好?！究键c聚焦】1)同義短語:get along well with sb.與某人相處得好;2)get on/along with sth.某事進展得【活學活用】5.翻譯句子你的工作進展得如何? 答案：How are you getting along with your work?an eight-year -old boy 一個八歲的男孩【經(jīng)典例句】He cant do that.He is only an eight-year-old boy.他不可能做得了那件事。他只不過是個八歲的孩子?！究键c聚焦】1)這個短語中包含一個復合形容詞,其結(jié)構(gòu)為“數(shù)詞+名詞+形容詞”,中間有兩個連字符,用作定語;2)還要注意不用連字符的時候描述某人或某物的狀況,通常作表語。如:She is twelve years old.她十二歲。【活學活用】6.根據(jù)括號內(nèi)的漢語提示完成句子I wrote a letter.(我寫了一封兩千字的信。)He is 2.1 .(他2.1米高。)答案：twothousandword;metres tallstop doing sth.停止做【經(jīng)典例句】We stopped running when it began to rain.天開始下雨時我們就停止跑步了?！究键c聚焦】1)stop doing sth.強調(diào)停止一直在做的事;stop to do sth.強調(diào)停下來去做另一件事;2)stop.from doing sth.意思是“阻止做某事”?！净顚W活用】7.用所給詞的適當形式填空They were very tired,but they didnt stop (have) a rest.When the teacher came in,the students stopped (talk).答案：to have;talkinglook after 照顧【經(jīng)典例句】She has to look after her younger brother.她不得不照顧她的小弟弟。【考點聚焦】1)同義詞組:take care of 照顧,照料;2)要記住以look為中心的一些短語:look at 看look for 尋找 look out 注意;當心look over 檢查(身體);翻閱look up 在字典中查look forward to盼望;期待【活學活用】8.用上面look短語的適當形式填空Ive my watch everywhere(到處).Youd better this word in your dictionary.He has his sick mother for many years.答案：looked for;look up;looked afterwith the help of.在的幫助下【經(jīng)典例句】With the help of his teacher,he passed the exam.在老師的幫助下,他通過了考試?！究键c聚焦】1)同義詞組:with ones help,如:with his teachers help。2)help作動詞時的用法:help sb.(to) do sth./help sb.with sth.意為“幫助某人做某事”?！净顚W活用】9.根據(jù)括號內(nèi)的漢語提示完成句子 (在因特網(wǎng)的幫助下),we can chat online. 答案：With the help of the Internetpay for 付款,支付【經(jīng)典例句】If you lose the library book,you must pay for it.如果你丟了圖書館的書,你就必須賠償。【考點聚焦】1)可以是pay for sth.或pay some money for sth.如:I paid three yuan for a pen.我花三元錢買了枝鋼筆。2)花錢買某物還可以說：spend some money on sth./sth.cost sb.some money.because of 因為【經(jīng)典例句】I didnt go out because of rain.因為下雨,所以我沒有出去。【考點聚焦】1)because of是介詞短語,后接名詞或名詞短語;2)注意與because的區(qū)別:because后接從句,如:I didnt go out because it rained.【活學活用】10.選擇 the heavy snow last winter,the wheat is growing well now.A.BecauseB.Because ofC.ForD.Since答案：B句子剖析拓展 Its easier to learn a foreign language when you visit the country.當你在那個國家時,學外語就容易些?！酒饰觥?)句中it 是形式主語,真正的主語是后面的動詞不定式短語to learn a foreign language,其句型是:It+be+adj./n.+to do sth.2)when you visit the country是時間狀語從句?！就卣埂縤t 除作形式主語外,也可作形式賓語,其后常用不定式作真正的賓語,常見句型為sb.find it difficult to do sth.。He finds it difficult to learn English well without speak it a lot.他發(fā)現(xiàn)在不常說英語的情況下學好它很困難。Its important for him to work on their farm because there are seven people in Lius family and they are very poor.對他來說,在他們農(nóng)場干活很重要,因為劉家有七口人并且家里還很窮?！酒饰觥?)前半句還是基本句型:It+be+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.，表示“對某人來說,做某事是”;2)后半句是由because引導的原因狀語從句?！就卣埂咳绻枋鲎瞿呈碌娜说臓顩r,要用It+be+adj.+of sb.+to do sth.句型。Its very kind of you to help me with my English.你幫我學英語真是太好了。Many children like Li Yinming and Liu Sanzi cant get an education because their families are poor.因為家里窮,像李因明和劉三子這樣的許多孩子都無法接受教育。【剖析】介詞短語like Li Yinming and Liu Sanzi 作children 的定語?！就卣埂啃稳菰~作定語一般置于名詞之前,短語作定語一般放在被修飾的名詞或代詞之后。Liquid like water can be made into different shapes.像水一樣的液體可以被制成不同形狀。In the last fifteen years,this project has raised money and paid for the education of 2.5 million poor students in rural areas.在過去的15年里,希望工程已為250萬鄉(xiāng)村地區(qū)的貧困學生籌集并支付了教育費用。【剖析】1)這是and連接的并列句,raised money 和paid for the education 是兩個并列的動作;2)in the last fifteen years常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用?！就卣埂俊癷n the last+一段時間”還可用“in the past+一段時間”,指“在過去的(一段時間)”,從過去到現(xiàn)在的一段時間,因此用現(xiàn)在完成時。In the past three months,he was learned to operate the machine.在過去的三個月里，他學會了操作這臺機器。語法剖析現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)自述(三)今天來講講我的第三種用法吧:我還能表示過去已經(jīng)開始,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。我常與for/since連用,而且要求動詞都必須是延續(xù)性動詞,提問時要用how long。有人問我,如果是非延續(xù)性動詞怎么辦?那就變成延續(xù)性動詞唄。仔細讀讀下表吧:非延續(xù)性動詞延續(xù)性動詞beLeavebe away (from)Beginbe onBuyhaveBorrowkeepDiebedeadjoin the Leaguebe a League memberbe in the League如:They left Beijing ten years ago.They have been away from Beijing for ten years/since ten years ago.How long have they been away from Beijing?注意:現(xiàn)在完成時不能跟表示過去的時間狀語連用,如:yesterday,last night,three years ago,in 19xx等;一般過去時只表示過去的動作或狀態(tài),和現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生關(guān)系,可以跟表示過去的時間狀語連用。如:I have already seen the film.我已看過這部電影。I saw the film last week.我上周看了這部電影。典題精講經(jīng)典題型例1（20xx南通中考）What bad weather we have!It has rained the day before yesterday.A.onB.forC.sinceD./思路解析：此題題意是“天氣太糟了,從前天起就一直下雨”。句子用了現(xiàn)在完成時,而且the day before yesterday又是時間點,因此用since,故答案為C。黑色陷阱：本題有兩處陷阱：一是沒有注意到句子用了現(xiàn)在完成時而誤選D;二是搞不清the day before yesterday是時間點還是時間段而誤選B。例2（20xx上海中考）The cheese cake tasted so that the kids asked for more.A.deliciousB.wellC.badD.badly思路解析：此題題意是“這種奶酪蛋糕很好吃,所以孩子們要了更多”。so.that.句型是包含結(jié)果狀語從句的復合句,that之后的從句表結(jié)果。taste是連系動詞,后面跟形容詞作表語。答案:A黑色陷阱：本題有兩處陷阱：一是誤認為副詞修飾動詞,因此錯選B項或D項；二是誤解句子的意思,不知so.that.句型表示“如此以至于”,因此錯選C項。例3（20xx天津中考）Bill said they would have holiday.A.a two-monthB.two-monthsC.two-monthsD.two-months思路解析：此題題意是“比爾說他們將過一個兩個月的假期”?！皟蓚€月”此處作定語,因此應用twomonth這種形式,故答案為A。綠色通道：解對此類題應注意復合形容詞作定語時,其中的名詞要用單數(shù);此外,所有格形式也可作定語,名詞用復數(shù),如:two months holiday。例4Ive finished my homework,Mr Black.When you it?A.have;finishedB.do;finishC.did;finishD.will;finish思路解析：此題題意是“我已完成作業(yè)。你什么時候完成的?”后面問句是用when提問,完成作業(yè)這一動作是瞬間動作且發(fā)生在過去,故答案為C。黑色陷阱：本題有一處陷阱。上面一句用了現(xiàn)在完成時,因此可能誤導有些同學選A。原創(chuàng)題 仿照示例看圖寫句子: nearly an hour since 7:00 an hour since 40 minutes ago half an hour1.A:How long has she washed clothes?B:She has washed clothes for nearly an hour.2.A: B