診斷學(xué)(發(fā)熱)中英文版醫(yī)學(xué)PPT課件.ppt

,Fever（發(fā)熱）,復(fù)習(xí)舊課,The bodys internal temperature,Hypothalamus,體溫調(diào)節(jié)中樞-下丘腦,Key words,Fever 發(fā) 熱 infectious fever 感染性發(fā)熱 non-infectious fever 非感染性發(fā)熱 moderate fever 中等度發(fā)熱 ultra high fever 超 高 熱 continued fever 稽 留 熱 remittent fever 弛 張 熱 intermittent fever 間 歇 熱,Fever is due to various reasons, so that the body heat production and heat balance, causes the body temperature to rise beyond the normal range.,Difinition 定義,發(fā)熱是由于各種原因使機(jī)體產(chǎn)熱和散熱失衡，導(dǎo)致體溫升高 超出正常范圍。,1、Oral measurement 口測(cè)法 (36.3-37.2) 2、Measurement of axillary temperature 腋測(cè)法 (36-37); 3、Anal measurement 肛測(cè)法 （36.5-37.7）,Normal range of temperture 體溫的正常范圍,24h does not exceed 1 （24h不超過(guò)1） Impact factors: Age Diurnal rhythm The movement,labor, dining, High temperature environment, Premenstrual etc：,Physiological fluctuations（生理性波動(dòng)）,Classification of etiology 病因分類,Caused by a variety of pathogens各種病原體感染引起。Bacteria細(xì)菌(43%)、virus病毒(7%)、立克次體支原體、螺旋體、真菌、寄生蟲(chóng)等。,Infectious fever感染性發(fā)熱,1,Non-infectious fever非感染性發(fā)熱,2,Hyperthyrea甲狀腺功能亢進(jìn)； Thermoregulation dysfunction 體溫調(diào)節(jié)中樞異； Aseptic necrosis of material damage or necrosis 無(wú)菌性壞死物質(zhì)損傷/壞死(吸收熱)。,最常見(jiàn),1. Pyrogen fever 致熱源性發(fā)熱 2. Nonpyrogen fever 非致熱源性發(fā)熱,Pathogenesis 發(fā)病機(jī)制,Classification 發(fā)熱分度 （Oral measurement）,Rising period上升期 驟升 緩升 The fever stage高熱期 Decline period下降期 驟降 緩降,Clinical period 臨床分期,Connect all the temperature records at different time into a line，this line is called fever type. 將不同時(shí)間點(diǎn)測(cè)量的體溫用直線連接，形成的曲線即為熱型。,Fever type 熱型,undulant fever 波狀熱,Fever type,intermittent fever 間歇熱,relapsing fever 回歸熱,continued fever 稽留熱,remittent fever 弛張熱,Fever type熱型,irregular fever 不規(guī)則熱,continued fever 稽留熱,remittent fever 弛張熱,over39-40 , lasting a few days or weeks,temperature fluctuations will not be more than 1 in 24 hours. 39-40 以上，持續(xù)數(shù)天或數(shù)周，24小時(shí)體溫波動(dòng)不超過(guò)1 。如大葉 性肺炎、傷寒等,Continued fever 稽留熱,More than 39 , temperature fluctuations will be more than 2 in 24 hours, but also more than 37 . 39 以上,24小時(shí)波動(dòng)范圍超過(guò)2 ，但在37 以上。常見(jiàn)于敗血癥、風(fēng) 濕熱、重癥肺結(jié)核及化膿性炎癥。,Remittent fever 弛張熱,The temperature soared after reaching its peak lasting several hours, then dropped to normal level, after several hours or days intermission, temperature rise suddenly, such repeated alternation. 體溫驟升達(dá)高峰后持續(xù)數(shù)小時(shí)，又驟降至正常水平，經(jīng)數(shù)小時(shí)或數(shù)天間歇后， 體溫再次突然升高，如此反復(fù)交替。見(jiàn)于瘧疾、急性腎盂腎炎等。,Intermittent fever間歇熱,1. Cough, sputum, chest pain 呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病 2.Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea 急性胃腸炎.細(xì)菌性疾病等 3.rash 麻疹、猩紅熱、水痘、風(fēng)濕熱等,Accompanying symptoms 伴隨癥狀,Onset condition 起病情況 Accompanying symptoms 伴隨癥狀 Diagnosis and treatment condition 診治情況 other condition 其他情況,Interrogation points 問(wèn)診要點(diǎn),Summrize 總結(jié),Master 掌握 Definition of fever, normal body temperature, classification of fever, clinical significance of the common fever type,Acquaintance 熟悉 The causes of fever, pathogenesis, and interrogation points,Comprehend 了解 Clinical course of fever and the accompanying symptoms,1、Is it right to take an antiphlogistic needle