給排水專業(yè)畢業(yè)設計英文翻譯--中英文對照.doc

河北建筑工程學院 畢業(yè)設計（論文）外文資料翻譯畢業(yè)設計（論文）外文資料翻譯 系別：系別： 城建系 專業(yè)：專業(yè)： 給水排水工程 班級：班級： 姓名：姓名： 學號：學號： 外外文文出出處處： wan fang foreign languages （用外文寫） literature datebase 附附 件件：1 1、外外文文原原文文； 2 2、外外文文資資料料翻翻譯譯譯譯文文。 指導教師評語： 簽字： 年 月 日 注：請將該封面與附件裝訂成冊。 1 1、外文原文（復印件）、外文原文（復印件） supplyingsupplying andand drainingdraining waterinwaterin hospitalhospital constructionconstruction with the fact that modern medicine science promptness develops,new technique , the new armamentarium are continuing without end , modernized medical treatment thereby consonant with that is building a hospital , are also are confronted with new design idea and new technology applying. disregarding secondary hospital building function , what whose gets along environment, still , finclause the hospital builds equipment and is equipped with system, the request is without exception higher and higher. because of it is to ensure daily work living not only need the rapid and intense life relevance recovering from the illness , avoiding crippling , rescuing, and promote with giving treatment to a patient. not only the design accomplishing to the special field draining away water need to satisfy the request being unlike a function in hospital building on equipment , but also safety is be obliged to reliable. following is built according to the hospital. 一 hospital gives a sewerage 1) modernized hospital equipment and equipment system content is numerous , the function is peculiar , the request is very high. except demanding to swear to continue supplying with the use water according with quality level sufficiently, need more according to demand of different medical treatment instrument and different administrative or tehcnical office to water quality , water pressure , the water temperature, classify setting up water treatment system and be in progress to system to increase pressure reduction. 2) the hospital operating rooms , the delivery room operation the water hygiene, saliva washing hands by shower bath water , the dentistry dentistry chair ought to adopt the water purifying degassing. in the homeland few are large-scale , the high rank hospital centre supplies a room, the centre disinfecting has also adopted to purify the water disinfecting, now that swear to there be no dust , the sterility , to remove the pathopoiesia source , to avoid the blockage infecting , cutting down equipment microtubule. 3) hospital preparation rooms preparation uses water to adopt distilled water, and sets up in making distilled water system to have part pressure boost facilities. the handicraft responds to according to different hospital preparation handicraft but fixes concrete system distilled water, should satisfy demand of whose handicraft to water quality , water yield , water pressure act in close coordination that the preparation handicraft reserves corresponding to drain-pipe and allocation chilled water circulatory system by the special field draining away water. 4) hospital operating rooms , delivery rooms , baby rooms , supply rooms , medical treatment of the dermatological department wards, door emergency call, cures skill every administrative or tehcnical office and the request difference that the staff and worker logistics branch supplies to hot water need to set up hot water respectively supplying system more. ordinary circumstances door emergency call, cures skill administrative or tehcnical office , centre supply a room , the staff and worker logistics branch supplies hot water to water supply the regular time, the comparison supplying time is consistent. the hospital is based on major part at present financial resources, ward building hot water supplies basic to the regular time , ought to be that 24 hs supply hot water judging from long-term angle but. operating room , the delivery room operation wash hands, the hygiene h by the fact that the shower bath ought to be 24 supplies hot water, moreover the block of wood 5) considers beautification to the environment , is inadvisable to adopt the steam boiled water stove , completely eradicates occurrence aroused the ward building pantry inner floor moistness , avoided interior wall mustiness phenomenon by leak or sparse steam water implement aerofluxus thereby. the hospital disregards size , boiled water supplies to should adopt automation volume or the electricity boiled water stove, a general disease area considers one , volume ascertains that according to using condition. the first easy to protect labor is managed, two is supplying ensuring that to the patient , improves the internal environment of ward at the same time. 6)especially infecting the section ward every door emergency call administrative or tehcnical office, every consulting room , the hand movement water curing a room , washing a basin should set up mistake chew , may adopt elbow style , knee style or dyadic switch of pedal. if using the dyadic switch of pedal to must use the product guarding against leakage, the floor is to avoid using a place often damp , makes the patient , the medical personnel slip down , an accident happened. operation waits for the operating room , the delivery room to wash hands should adopt the constant temperature muddy water valve , the constant temperature to produce water, taking as an example infrared ray induced electromagnetic valve control mode for fine. cure skill part control laboratory , laboratory of administrative or tehcnical office have the peculiar request , water chews the form should ascertain whose water according to every administrative or tehcnical office coming functional request chewing. 7)many administrative or tehcnical office, especially downstream pipelines such as pickling bath , the pool disinfecting , develop pool in administrative or tehcnical office such as checking the room , the control laboratory , emitting section responds to of hospitals are adopt to be able to bear the rotten pvc2u draining off silent stock tube. 8) pair of filth , waste water of all kinds must classify strictly according to the country in connection with the effluent standard , the field carrying out a pertinency with different treatment handicraft deals with and handles. 9) uses a function to need since the modern hospital needs to be satisfied with not only , wants to think that the interior outside environment is beautiful too at the same time. the building needs especially door emergency call, cures skill sometimes because of medical treatment function , give the horizontal stroke draining away water , erect a tube arrange to lie scattered comparatively, more bright dew is in interior, warm the pipeline exchanging special field up in addition sometimes , make the pipeline that the room inner clearly shows more than the correct or required number , both inelegant, and affect hygiene. this demands right away in the process of engineering design , the rational arrangement the structure form should fully utilize not being the same as is carried out, needs to make the various pipeline conceal arrangement to the full according to the function , pays attention to beautiful befitting ones position or suited to the occasion under not affecting the premise being put into use. certainly, these require that building structure special field is dense. tier of furred ceilings and the basement top sometimes are every special field pipeline aggregation field , every special field norm and request having every special field , each sometimes arranges if the building designs middle in the ward,whose result either increase building storey height, or cannot attend to one thing without neglecting another. for overcoming this one abuse, should think in general that bigger flue pipe arrangement be in the most superjacent, its on the down part is that several special field arrangement props up the public space being in charge of , down part is to arrange to give draining off , driving force , strong , weak electricity every system to do a tube again. such is arranged than form arrangement is other comparatively economical , pragmatic. 10) exchangers forms choice. in the system the tradition hospital hot water is supplied, people adopt volume mainly dyadic exchanger. have been to think that what be provided steam amounts and hot water supplies the adjustment amounts dispatching value between maximum value mainly , have diminished a steam boiler designing amounts , have decreased by boiler room zhan field area , have saved one time investment. people demands but more highly, and more highly, especially the example discovering army group bacterium pathopoiesia in life hot water to water quality now , the altitude arousing people takes seriously. be a bacterium mainly because of in the water 55 c is the easiest to breed an army group in 30 c , who (who) is recommended by for this purpose: “hot water responds to in 60 c use and cycle at least above 50 c. come if some users, need to fall to 40 c or 50 c or so with the faucet water temperature, to come true being able to use a thermoregulation to blend a valve at this time. the growth being a temperature bu li yu pneumonia diplococcus swear to store water, is a regulating valves turn to should set up the place closing down and suspending operation of point in drawing near“. this be especially important to the hospital. because of being in hospital the weak having disease,if bacterium of army group happened within the hospital is to be harmful for patient to treat and recover from the illness,the hospital has a grave responsibility. at present small hospital within the hospital especially a little condition is relatively poor , include the part area level hospital, 24 unable hs supply hot water, and volume the dyadic converter inner water temperature is to use echelon in inside of exchanger, the water temperature very difficult to make keeps in 60 c or so. thereby, lead to volume produce the bacterium of army group in the pipeline supplying hot water system within dyadic exchanger , change a hospital using the exchanger form to respond to be a task of top priority. adopt half to be to heat up style or be a dyadic hot exchanger , make whose hot water supply the system water temperature keeping the water supply being in progress in all above 60 c area all the time, occurrence propagating , completely eradicating the bacterium of army group in order to avoiding the bacterium of army group. 二 multilayer water supply system at present, great majority cities municipal administration pipe network pressure can maintain above 2 kilograms in the homeland , take place individual small town water pressure can reach 4 kilograms even. the pressure therefore, building the municipal administration pipe networks to the same multilayer has been already sufficient , has been in a small town especially since but municipal administration pipe network water yield supplying water , water pressure fluctuation are bigger. have several kinds the following types mainly for overcome these shortcomings , multilayer water supply system design. 1) direct water supply type is that pressure , direct water supply , sort making use of municipal administration pipe network directly apply to slightly high area of municipal administration pipe network pressure or higher range of water works vicinity pressure inner. the shortcoming it is water yield , water pressure to be able to not ensure that. this water supply scheme economy function is very good but, to less pipe network of scale , does not need any other equipment or measure. 2) water box water supply types have led municipal administration pipe network water to roof water box , discrepancy in elevation , gravity depending on a water box and using the water appliance have supplied water , have overcome water pressure water yield block of wood stability and then. since but, secondary pollution, moreover, water box volume that the water box there exists in possibility is bigger,this way does not encourage therefore. 3) water boxes , pipe networks ally self with a type when the ordinary time water yield water pressure is sufficient , unnecessary water enters the roof water box when covering water supply , overpressure as with a net directly from municipal administration, think that the water box supplies water to the consumer by gravity automation when pressure or the water yield is insufficient. the main force who is that regular directness supplies water on physics structure stretches the top cut-over water box , sets up and one exhalent siphon from the water box. owe a scheme the volume having diminished a water box, and make water not need to enter a water box staying this one step , hygiene reliability increase by. the problem is (that the municipal administration now pipe network can accomplish) but if longtime stabilivolt supplies water , the water sojourn time in water box is on the contrary greatly increase by , easier to be contaminated. and, the water box all must readjust oneself to a certain extent in the building in all usage water boxes system most higher place, attractive looks being able to affect a building in some occasion , the physical design building even. 4) pressure jars supply water since insecure water box factor , reason why use the jar sealing off reliable pressure to replace, and the pressure jar does not need, high position lay down, attractive looks and structure not affecting a building bearing , go down well very much over the past few years. pressure jar system requires that the water pump and autocontrol system have to fit but , feasible cost increases by to some extent. however, in the late years whose market price already lets many consumers be able to choose.systematic pressure jar principle is to make use of a water pump water compression to be sent to receive the pipe network building the inside , thinks that water enters the pressure jar , reaches certain pressure time , water pump motor stoppage or reduces the speed when pressure is too big,while pressure is smaller than regulation value, the pressure jar conveys water to the outside and starts the water pump or acceleration at the same time (frequency conversion water pump). 5) two time of compression types can make do for to small-scale consumer ,if the building , the pressure jar are only systematic. the direction that the dwelling house spends at present to housing estate develops but, shows for the cluster arrangement that multilayer builds , concentrates stabilivolt mainly. the ability can not satisfy a request with pressure jar volume , the water pump concentrates compression therefore having appeared give first place to, pressure jar stabilivolt (remove the system water hammer) is subsidiary way. economy cost rises only , also needs the specially-assigned person upkeep. besides, pipe network system belongs to low pressure since tier of numbers are not many, pipeline, the direct cut-over without exception with layers consumer is be ok , comparatively simple. the steel tube prepares pipeline material with low pressure low pressure ppr silent stock tube give first place to. 2 2、外文資料翻譯譯文、外文資料翻譯譯文 醫(yī)院建筑給水排水醫(yī)院建筑給水排水 隨著現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學科學的迅速發(fā)展,新技術(shù)、新醫(yī)療設備層出不窮,從而與之相符的現(xiàn)代化醫(yī) 療建筑醫(yī)院,也面臨著新的設計理念和新技術(shù)的運用。無論從醫(yī)院建筑物功能、其所 處的環(huán)境,還是醫(yī)院建筑設備及裝備系統(tǒng),要求均愈來愈高。因為它不僅是保障日常工作生活 的需要,而且與救治病人、促進康復、避免致殘、挽救生命緊密相關(guān)。作為給排水專業(yè)的設 計不僅需要滿足醫(yī)院建筑中設備上不同功能的要求,而且必須安全可靠。下面根據(jù)醫(yī)院建筑 中有關(guān)給水、排水各系統(tǒng)設計,從社會不斷發(fā)展和超前的理念方面談幾點體會 一 醫(yī)院給排水系統(tǒng) 1) 現(xiàn)代化醫(yī)院的設備及裝備系統(tǒng)內(nèi)容繁多,功能特殊,要求很高。除了要求保證持續(xù)供 給充分符合質(zhì)量標準的用水外,更需要根據(jù)不同的醫(yī)療儀器以及不同科室對水質(zhì)、水壓、水 溫的要求,分門別類設置水處理系統(tǒng)和對系統(tǒng)進行增減壓。 2) 醫(yī)院的手術(shù)室、產(chǎn)房的手術(shù)洗手水、衛(wèi)生通過淋浴水、牙科的牙科椅的口水宜采 用凈化消毒水。國內(nèi)一些大型的、級別高的醫(yī)院中心供應室,消毒中心也采用了凈化消毒水, 既保證無塵、無菌,消除致病源,避免感染,又減少設備微細管道的阻塞。 3) 醫(yī)院制劑室的制劑用水采用蒸餾水,并在制蒸餾水系統(tǒng)中設有局部增壓設施。具體制 蒸餾水工藝應根據(jù)不同醫(yī)院制劑工藝而定,給排水專業(yè)應密切配合制劑工藝預留給排水管和 配置相應的冷卻水循環(huán)系統(tǒng),滿足其工藝對水質(zhì)、水量、水壓的要求。 4) 醫(yī)院手術(shù)室、產(chǎn)房、嬰兒室、供應室、皮膚科的醫(yī)療病房,門急診、醫(yī)技各科室和職 工后勤部門對熱水供應的要求差異較大,需要分別設置熱水供應系統(tǒng)。一般情況門急診、醫(yī) 技科室、中心供應室、職工后勤部門供應熱水為定時供水,供應時間比較一致。大部分醫(yī)院 根據(jù)目前的財力,病房樓的熱水供應基本為定時,而從長遠角度來看,應該是 24 h 供應熱水。 手術(shù)室、產(chǎn)房的手術(shù)洗手,衛(wèi)生通過的淋浴器應該為 24 h 供應熱水,而且不能有任何間斷,熱 水供應安全可靠,水溫基本控制在人的正常體溫 37 左右,故一般熱水供應宜單獨成為一個 系統(tǒng),以確保供應熱水系統(tǒng)萬無一失。 5) 考慮到環(huán)境的美化,不宜采用蒸汽開水爐,從而杜絕蒸汽泄漏或疏水器排氣所引起病 房樓的備餐間內(nèi)地面的潮濕,避免內(nèi)墻發(fā)霉現(xiàn)象的發(fā)生。醫(yī)院不管大小,開水供應都應采用自 動容積或電開水爐,一般一個病區(qū)考慮一臺,容積根據(jù)使用情況確定。一是便于護工管理;二 是保證對病員的供應,同時改善病房內(nèi)部的環(huán)境。 6) 各門急診科室,尤其是傳染科病房各診室、治療室、洗滌盆應設非手動水咀,可采用 肘式、膝式或腳踏式開關(guān)。如使用腳踏式開關(guān)一定要使用防滲漏的產(chǎn)品,以免使用處地面經(jīng) 常潮濕,使病員、醫(yī)務人員滑倒,發(fā)生事故。手術(shù)室、產(chǎn)房手術(shù)等洗手應采用恒溫混水閥,恒 溫出水,以紅外線感應電磁閥控制方式為好。醫(yī)技科室的部分化驗室、實驗室有特殊要求,水 咀應根據(jù)各科室功能的要求來確定其水咀的形式。 7) 醫(yī)院的許多科室,尤其是檢驗室、化驗室、放射科等科室中的酸洗池、消毒池、洗片 池等下水管道應采用耐腐的 pvc2u 排水塑料管。 8) 對各類污、廢水必須嚴格按國家有關(guān)排放標準分門別類,用不同的處理工藝進行針對 性地處置和處理。 9) 由于現(xiàn)代醫(yī)院不僅要滿足使用功能需要,同時還要考慮室內(nèi)外環(huán)境美觀。尤其是門急 診、醫(yī)技樓往往由于醫(yī)療功能需要,給排水橫、立管布置較為散亂,較多的明露在室內(nèi),有時 加之暖通專業(yè)的管道,使房間內(nèi)明露的管道過多,既不雅觀,又影響衛(wèi)生。這就要求在工程設 計過程中,應充分利用不同的結(jié)構(gòu)形式進行合理布置,根據(jù)功能需要盡量使各種管道隱蔽布置,在 不影響