劉延秀華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學外國語學院yanxiulmailhzauedu.ppt

劉延秀 華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學外國語學院 ,外語教師的跨學科發(fā)展,Contents, 外語教師目前承擔的工作 外語教師面臨的壓力和挑戰(zhàn) 外語教師的發(fā)展前途, 外語教師目前承擔的工作 1. 大學英語 英語讀寫，英語口語，計算機輔助自主學習 通識課程（文學類，文化類，ESP） 2. 研究生英語 英語閱讀，英語聽說，學術(shù)英語（EAP） 3. 英語專業(yè)課程（語言、文學、翻譯及商務(wù)英語專業(yè)）,課堂教學,外語教師面臨的壓力和挑戰(zhàn) 1. 教學改革勢在必行 1）計算機輔助自主學習，口語，分級教 學以及各種教學模式創(chuàng)新 2）學習者的厭學 面對見不著水的旱鴨子和“不喝水的?！睆娦邪搭^（張文忠，2011） 3）各高校教育改革中減少學時的壓力 4）社會對于外語教學的多種貶低之詞,2. 個人事業(yè)與學術(shù)發(fā)展 1）認清外在形勢和自身條件 需要認清高等教育的發(fā)展形勢和自身條件， 準確定位，提高自身的綜合素質(zhì)和專業(yè)素質(zhì)，走專業(yè)化可持續(xù)發(fā)展之路（張文忠，2011） 外在形勢：對英語教學改革的呼聲日益高漲 自身條件：外語專長、西方文化、教學經(jīng)驗,2）必須具備兩類知識 - 教師的技術(shù)性知識（學科知識） 學科知識是一種普遍性知識，指對于目的語的知識和能力。 - 教師的實踐性知識 （教學體驗知識） 教學體驗是受環(huán)境制約的。（吳一安，2008）,3）堅持知識和能力的可持續(xù)發(fā)展 轉(zhuǎn)型-攻艱-創(chuàng)新-發(fā)展 助人自我發(fā)展的能力 （夏紀梅，教育部改革巡講團巡講）, 外語教師的發(fā)展前途,1） 改革教學內(nèi)容 CBI Content Based Instruction 將英語知識和技能同人文知識結(jié)合 英美文化，文學欣賞，影視欣賞，中西方文化對比等 ESP（English for Specific Purpose） 將英語知識與某種能力結(jié)合 語言類和專業(yè)英語類課程 EAP (English for Academic Purpose) 將英語知識與某個專業(yè)知識結(jié)合 計算機英語，國際學術(shù)會議與交流，學術(shù)論文寫作等 ECDT (English for Cross-discipline Tutoring ) 跨學科指導(dǎo)學生的專業(yè)學術(shù)研究論文寫作,2） 改革教學形式 課堂形式 小班授課， 任務(wù)型研討等等 課外形式 論文語言導(dǎo)師 ECDT (English for Cross-discipline Tutoring ),外語教師已經(jīng)具備的條件 一個基本功，二個能力 扎實的外語基本功 較強的語用能力 敏銳的接受新事物的能力,2,外語教師跨學科指導(dǎo)的可行性,“科學”的主編，Bruce Alberts說，他們每年都收到萬余篇申請發(fā)表的專業(yè)論文，而“中國學者的論文退稿率比較高”。 科學雜志更青睞研究方向較廣、視角新穎的創(chuàng)新型論文，但中國學者的不少文章不太符合要求?！耙恍┲袊茖W家做研究的時候總顯得很保密，不喜歡與他人交流?！?Alberts還說，在這點上國外學者的開放態(tài)度值得學習。 “適當?shù)膶W術(shù)探討不僅能啟發(fā)新思路，也能避免不必要的重復(fù)研究?！?部分導(dǎo)師自身英語水平和工作的制約。 SCI論文就是畢業(yè)的保證。就是職稱的保證， 就是獲得獎勵的保證。,語言、文學類 ESP (English for Specific Purpose） EAP (English for Academic Purpose) ECDT (English for Cross-discipline Tutoring ),ECDT (English for Cross-discipline Tutoring ),Sciences,ECDT的指導(dǎo)對象 ECDT的指導(dǎo)內(nèi)容 ECDT指導(dǎo)模式 學術(shù)論文寫作課程的指導(dǎo)方法 “學術(shù)寫作工作室”的指導(dǎo)方法 取得的成果 問題與結(jié)論,ECDT的指導(dǎo)對象 在校博士、碩士 高校社科、自然學科教師 研究院所研究人員,ECDT的指導(dǎo)內(nèi)容 SCI論文 SCI: Science Citation Index 科學索引 - created in the Institute for Scientific Information 美國資訊研究所 by Eugene Garfield in 1960 to Thomson Scientific (Group),進入SCI系統(tǒng)的刊物分為兩類，前者的影響因子高于后者，前者稱為SCI刊物，后者稱為SCIsearch刊物。 SCI從來源期刊數(shù)量劃分為SCI和SCI-E。SCI指來源刊為3700多種的SCI印刷版和SCI光盤版（SCI Compact Disc Edition, 簡稱SCI CDE）， SCI-E（SCI Expanded）是SCI的擴展版 Total journals covered until 2011: SCI： 2011搜集3786 ， 2012搜集3750 SCI-E 2011年搜集8288，2013年搜集8411,SCI Sources (only for your reference) 印刷版(SCI)，雙月刊，3,500種 聯(lián)機版(SciSearch)，周更新，5,600種 光盤版(帶文摘)(SCICDE)，月更新，3,500種(同印刷版) 網(wǎng)絡(luò)版(SCIExpanded)，周更新，5,600種(同聯(lián)機版),進入SCI這一類刊物的論文即為SCI論文。,SCI,Impact Index/Factor 影響因子 在一定時期（通常是前兩年）內(nèi)，某一刊 物發(fā)表的論文，被已經(jīng)進入SCI刊物的論 文所引用的總次數(shù)，除以該刊物這一時期 內(nèi)的論文總數(shù)，即為該刊物的影響因子。,More Indexes SSCI: Social Science Citation Index 社會科學引文索引, - created in 1969， Total journals covered until 2011: 2,929 EI: 工程索引 - created in 1884 年 by Elsevier Engineering Information Inc.,ISTP: Index to Scientific & Technical Proceedings 科技會議錄索引 It was created in 1978 年 by Institute for Scientific Information 美國科學情報研究所 It collects documents from conferences. Webside: /products/istp,ISR: Index to Scientific Reviews 科學評論索引 Webside: /products/isr PCI: Patent Citation Index 專利引用索引 Webside: /products/ahci,ECDT,寫作課程,寫作工作室,ECDT的指導(dǎo)模式,1. 學術(shù)論文寫作課程 學時： 24學時 形式： 課堂教學 教學內(nèi)容： 1）英語語言知識 （ 遣詞、句子結(jié)構(gòu)、語言文化、語義銜接、邏輯組織） 2） 學術(shù)論文寫作知識 （論文框架、論文內(nèi)容、寫作技巧、書信）,1）英語語言知識 e.g. 1. Ignoring the verb-object match 2. Ignoring the functions of words 3. More repetition 4. Using words in a subjective mood 5. Preferring noun and noun phrases 6. Choosing words incongruous in meaning (不一致) 7. Confusing the words with ed and ing 8. Other problems,The shortage of traditionally inactive vaccine was obvious. The improvement of availability of phosphorus in soils is one of the important conditions for increase in rape seedling production. We identified a number of altered proteins in the virus infected chicken brain tissues compared to the uninfected brain tissues.,Therefore, the development of a highly sensitive and specific QDs-based-fluoroimmuno assay will be extremely useful for detection of influenza virus.,2） 學術(shù)論文寫作知識 Format and contents 1) Title 2) Authors and Addresses 3) Abstract 4) Introduction 5) Material and Methods 6) Results 7) Discussion 8) Acknowledgements 9) References,Introduction 導(dǎo)言 closely attaches the theme 一定要結(jié)合選題，突出選題。 Methodology 方法 being scientific and credible 一定要科學，要有公信力。 Results 結(jié)果 Being convincing and qualitatively similar to methods 一定要有說服力，要能與方法相印證。,Discussion 討論 - being topic-prominent & proving insightful views 一定要有突出主題，要有獨到見解。 Conclusion 結(jié)論 - being distinct , topic-prominent and with new conception 一定要明晰，要突出主題，有新意。 Format 格式 - being in agreement with the submission requirements and standard 一定要符合擬投稿雜志要求。,Key words 關(guān)鍵詞 - reflecting the central theme 一定要反映中心議題 Reference 文獻 - being closely related to your theme, authoritative and new 一定要高度相關(guān)，要權(quán)威，要新 Title 題目 - being relevant, concise， and considering the feature of your paper 與文章主題相關(guān)，精確，結(jié)合文章特點確定形式,Three different title forms Noun phrase title Statement title Question title,例1： Complete genome sequence of Pasteurella multocida type A isolate HB01 from a cattle 全基因組序列 出血敗血性巴斯德氏菌 意思不明確，將最重要的內(nèi)容放在句首,The structure of an Introduction,Statements about the subject,Summary of relevant studies,Your hypothesis,Methods Results Significance,Introduction,例2：前言部分最后一段 In this study, we sequenced a P.multocida strain HB01, which was isolated by isolating it from the lung of cattle suffered from pneumonia in China. Genes involved in fitness and pathogenicity were compared between HB01 and another bovine original P.multocida strain 36950, as well as the differences between the bovine original P.multocida and P.multocida strains of avian and porcine origin. 意思和結(jié)構(gòu)不清楚整個段落層次和結(jié)構(gòu)不清楚。這一段應(yīng)該主要寫你的研究對象和目的,Cover letter Rebuttal letter 1）For major revision 2）For minor revision,The contents of a cover letter: 1) your name, address, phone, fax and e- mail address 2) title and the central theme of the article. 3) which subject/theme of the journal your paper fits 4) statement why the material is important in its field and why the material should be published in the journal (the main conclusion of the paper),5) the declaration that the paper has not been submitted to any other journal for reviews, it is the original 6) the declaration that the paper has been read by all authors and they all agreed to submit it 7) suggestion for who should not be the reviewer for the reason of competition,Rebuttal letter Cover letter Contents of the cover letter in response to editor or reviewer A. The file number B. Your appreciation for the comments or for opportunity of revising the manuscript. C. Your major revisions: a. contents b. language problems D. Your appreciation/desire for publishing your manuscript. E. Your address (as in the first letter) 2. Responses,English need to be checked and improved through the text. Response: Yes，we admit that there were many mistakes and improper expressions in the English of the original manuscript. In the new manuscript, the grammar mistakes, syntax and punctuation errors have been checked and corrected with the help of an English professor. We mark all the changes in blue.,Abstract: technical description of the sequencing results takes a major part of the abstract, while the physiology and its relevance is almost entirely neglected. Response: We thank your for reminding us the critical point. In our revised manuscript, we have deleted some unnecessary details of technical description and added the description on the physiology and its relevance in the Abstract.,About Examination,Part I. Filling-in blanks 20% Directions: In this part, you will read 10 statements. Filling in the blank in each statement by writing your answer on the Answer Sheet. 1. Comparison used in the Discussion is to describe the differences between _ . (your findings and previous findings),Part II Answering questions 20% Directions: In this part, you will read 5 questions. You should write an answer to each question based on your learning from the Academic Writing course on the Answer Sheet. Question 1. What is Conclusion? It restates the essays main points and tells the reader what to think or understand about the ideas presented in the essay.,Part III. Writing a Discussion 20% Directions: In this part, you will read a short passage with particular information. First ,you should write an outline of your discussion and then write your discussion based on both the information given in the passage and the knowledge on writing a Discussion. You need to write your Discussion on the