華中科技大學博士論文答辯會7296.ppt

Future Internet Architecture: Ad Hoc Networking via Named Data MobiArch10, September 24, 2010, Chicago, Illinois, USA,匯報人：陳小惠,論文題目 Ad Hoc Networking via Named Data 論文作者 Michael Meisel（UCLA） Vasileios Pappas（IBM Research） Lixia Zhang（UCLA） 實驗室 Internet Research Lab in University of California, Los Angeles,提綱,論文背景 互聯(lián)網(wǎng)發(fā)展趨勢 傳統(tǒng)解決方案 Named Data Networking NDN for Ad-Hoc Networks LFBL: Forwarding in Wireless Ad-Hoc Networks,論文背景（調研補充）,項目來源,A Survey of the Research on Future Internet Architectures, IEEE Communication Magazines 2011.7,論文背景（調研補充）,項目來源 Future Internet Architecture (FIA) program NSF2010 & $ 8 million & 3years,Named Data Networking,Mobility First,NEBULA,eXpressive Internet Architecture,FIA,/news/news_summ.jsp?cntn_id=117611&org=NSF&from=news,論文背景（調研補充）,課題題目: Named Data Networking 課題承擔人: Lixia Zhang, UCLA 合作機構:,互聯(lián)網(wǎng)發(fā)展趨勢（調研補充）,互聯(lián)網(wǎng)流量與日俱增，2014年將會達到2010年的3倍，而其中視頻數(shù)據(jù)的比例將越來越高,移動網(wǎng)絡數(shù)據(jù)流量劇增，2014年將達到2010年的16倍，其中視頻數(shù)據(jù)將達到20倍。,年均增長率最高,數(shù)據(jù)來源：Cisco Visual Networking Index: Forecast and Methodology, 2009-2014, 2010.6,提綱,論文背景 互聯(lián)網(wǎng)發(fā)展趨勢 傳統(tǒng)解決方案 Named Data Networking NDN for Ad-Hoc Networks LFBL: Forwarding in Wireless Ad-Hoc Networks,傳統(tǒng)解決方案- The IP-Routing-Based Approach,無線網(wǎng)絡中的路由協(xié)議 Proactive (WRP, DSDV) Reactive (DSR, AODV) Hybrid proactive-reactive (ZRP, HARP) 現(xiàn)有基于IP路由機制的共性 1. 網(wǎng)絡中每個結點都需要分配IP地址 2. 數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送方指定接收方地址 3. 單徑路由傳輸數(shù)據(jù) 4. 單跳間點對點傳輸數(shù)據(jù)（沒有利用廣播特性）,傳統(tǒng)解決方案- The IP-Routing-Based Approach,現(xiàn)有解決方案的缺點 1. Infrastructure-free型移動網(wǎng)絡，難以實現(xiàn)節(jié)點IP分配，（大量移動設備的出現(xiàn)，而IP地址有限）； 2. 傳統(tǒng)有線網(wǎng)絡中，IP表征了拓撲位置，使得網(wǎng)絡可以通過IP聚合實現(xiàn)規(guī)?；?。而移動設備組成的Ad-Hoc網(wǎng)絡中的IP由誰來分配？如果IP地址僅是一個唯一的標識，分配IP還有意義么？,傳統(tǒng)解決方案- The IP-Routing-Based Approach,現(xiàn)有解決方案的缺點 3. 次優(yōu)的數(shù)據(jù)推送機制，如中途節(jié)點的Caching機制；,傳統(tǒng)解決方案- The IP-Routing-Based Approach,現(xiàn)有解決方案的缺點 4. 高動態(tài)性的大規(guī)模移動網(wǎng)絡的路由協(xié)議開銷較大； 5. 發(fā)送節(jié)點指定接收節(jié)點的地址，沒有利用無線信道的廣播特性。（動態(tài)性接收節(jié)點進行路由決策優(yōu)于發(fā)送節(jié)點）,提綱,論文背景 互聯(lián)網(wǎng)發(fā)展趨勢 傳統(tǒng)解決方案 Named Data Networking NDN for Ad-Hoc Networks LFBL: Forwarding in Wireless Ad-Hoc Networks,Named Data Networking （調研補充）,也被稱為CCN（Content-Centric Networks ），是以數(shù)據(jù)為第一類實體的新型網(wǎng)絡架構。,/work/focus-area/content-centric-networking/,Named Data Networking,到什么地方 -要什么東西 IP 地址-數(shù)據(jù)名稱,Named Data Networking,3-way exchange Name prefix announcements Interest forwarding Data return,Named Data Networking,保護通信安全-保證數(shù)據(jù)安全,Named Data Networking （調研補充）,FIB: Forwarding Information Base,Named Data Networking （調研補充）,提綱,論文背景 互聯(lián)網(wǎng)發(fā)展趨勢 傳統(tǒng)解決方案 Named Data Networking NDN for Ad-Hoc Networks LFBL: Forwarding in Wireless Ad-Hoc Networks,NDN for Ad-Hoc Networks,節(jié)點不再需要分配IP地址 多徑數(shù)據(jù)傳輸提升網(wǎng)絡傳輸性能 路由不存在環(huán)路（沒有基于IP路由表尋路） 更佳的緩存機制，網(wǎng)絡穩(wěn)定性不再影響緩存有效性 傳統(tǒng)傳輸層和IP層的緩存機制受網(wǎng)絡穩(wěn)定性的影響非常大，且傳統(tǒng)的緩存內容為objects，而不是fragments of objects NDN適用于各種通信網(wǎng)絡（3G，P2P，DTN）,LFBL: Forwarding in Wireless Ad-Hoc Networks,M. Meisel, V. Pappas, and L. Zhang. Listen first,broadcast later: Topology-agnostic forwarding underhigh dynamics. Technical Report 100021, UCLAComputer Science Department, 2010.,Request Phase,Data Phase,End-to-end Communication,傳統(tǒng)路由建立,LFBL RP,A,我要找節(jié)點B,B,B最終響應A，確定數(shù)據(jù)傳輸路徑,我要看變形金剛3,B,A,C,A并不知道誰會響應自己,LFBL: Forwarding in Wireless Ad-Hoc Networks,Request Phase,Data Phase,End-to-end Communication,Requester,Responder,LFBL轉發(fā)機制,我是否適合轉發(fā)數(shù)據(jù)呢？ 其它哪些節(jié)點會轉發(fā)數(shù)據(jù)？我要等多長時間呢？,接收節(jié)點決定是否轉發(fā)帶來了兩個問題,LFBL: Forwarding in Wireless Ad-Hoc Networks,LFBL包頭,LFBL: Forwarding in Wireless Ad-Hoc Networks,節(jié)點狀態(tài) 距離表(N為轉發(fā)節(jié)點，E為終端節(jié)點) 三個記錄的數(shù)值 the highest sequence number the distance from N to E the variance of the distance from N to E 距離表的更新 只要聽到了廣播包就進行距離表更新 所更新的距離為N到終端節(jié)點的距離 srcDist + distance metric of this hop 比較seqnum，決定是否更新distance,LFBL: Forwarding in Wireless Ad-Hoc Networks,節(jié)點狀態(tài) 響應表 數(shù)據(jù)NAME響應者（srcId） 快速定位數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)布者,LFBL: Forwarding in Wireless Ad-Hoc Networks,Request Phase請求階段 節(jié)點需要請求數(shù)據(jù)，指定LFBL頭中的dataName 如果響應表中有data與響應者的映射且距離表中有響應者的標識符，使用REQ包進入轉發(fā)階段，否則使用REQ進入Flooding階段。 Flooding REQ作用是找到可用的響應節(jié)點及其數(shù)據(jù)分發(fā)的距離。(需要注意Flooding中出現(xiàn)的沖突，并減少Flooding的開銷) 響應節(jié)點接收到REQ，設定LFBL包頭中的dstDist，回復REP。（中間節(jié)點可以根據(jù)dstDist來決定是否轉發(fā)）,LFBL: Forwarding in Wireless Ad-Hoc Networks,Forwarding階段 確定自身是否可為轉發(fā)節(jié)點,LFBL: Forwarding in Wireless Ad-Hoc Networks,Forwarding階段 確定節(jié)點的偵聽時間 A purely random listening period The slotted random metric The distance + variance + random (DVR) metric,LFBL: Forwarding in Wireless Ad-Hoc Networks,例：,LFBL: Forwarding in Wireless Ad-Hoc Networks,例：,LFBL: Forwarding in Wireless Ad-Hoc Networks,例：,LFBL: Forwarding in Wireless Ad-Hoc Networks,例：,LFBL: Forwarding in Wireless Ad-Hoc Networks,例：,LFBL: Forwarding in Wireless Ad-Hoc Networks,例：,LFBL: Forwarding in Wireless Ad-Hoc Networks,仿真實驗 QualNet network simulator PHY :802.11b 11 Mbps MAC: CSMA MAC & 802.11 MAC 100 nodes in 1500m by 1500m area Query period: 100 milliseconds Data: REQ 36B, REP 1400B,LFBL: Forwarding in Wireless Ad-Hoc Networks,仿真實驗 Roundtrip Delay time elapsed from when a request is sent by a requester until it receives a response. Delivery Ratio total number of packets received divided by the number of packets sent Overhead the total number of packets sent to the MAC layer for transmission, divided by the total number of hops traversed by successfully received packets, minus one Total data transferred,LFBL: Forwarding in Wireless Ad-Hoc Networks,LFBL: Forwarding in Wireless Ad-Hoc Networks,LFBL: Forwarding in Wireless Ad-Hoc Net