2019年中考英語復習之形容詞

2019年中考英語復習之形容詞形容詞用法形容詞是用來描寫或修飾名詞或代詞，說明人或事物的特征或性質(zhì)的， 形容詞往往被譯成“的”。用法如下:1.做定語。e.g. This is an old house.2.做表語。e.g.I am sorry to hear that.3.做賓語不足語。e.g.She made her mother angry.4.形容詞在句中的位置。 形容詞做定語修飾名詞時，放在名詞前面。修飾不定代詞時要放在不定代詞之后。e.g.She is a clever girl.I saw something white in the water.5.某些形容詞前加上定冠詞the,可以代表一類人或東西，可以用作主語，賓語等。做主語時當復數(shù)看待。e.g.The old are well looked after.We all love the beautiful.形容詞比較級(一)一般句式的構(gòu)成： A + is / are+ 形容詞比較級+ than + BA 是主格 B 是賓格如： She is taller than me.主格 形容詞比較級 賓格（二）英語形容詞比較級的構(gòu)成英語形容詞比較等級有三個：原級，比較級和最高級。形容詞比較等級形式變化有規(guī)則的和不規(guī)則的兩種。規(guī)則變化1）單音節(jié)詞末尾加-er（比較級），-est（最高級）【例】 原級 比較級 最高級great greater greatestsmall smaller smallestclean cleaner cleanest2）單音節(jié)如以e結(jié)尾，只加-r（比較級），-st（最高級）【例】 fine finer finestwide wider widest3）閉音節(jié)單音節(jié)詞如末尾只有一個輔音字母，須先雙寫這個輔音字母，再加-er（比較級），-est（最高級）【例】 big bigger biggesthot hotter hottestred redder reddest4）少數(shù)以-y，-er，ow，-ble結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，末尾加-er（比較級），-est（最高級）。以-y結(jié)尾的詞，如-y前是輔音字母，則變y為-i，再加-er和-est。以-e結(jié)尾的詞只加-r和-st。【例】 clever cleverer cleverestnarrow narrower narrowestable abler ablesteasy easier easiest5）其它雙音節(jié)和多音節(jié)詞皆在前面加單詞more和most?！纠?careful more careful most carefuldifficult more difficult most difficultdelicious more delicious most delicious不規(guī)則變化原級 比較級 最高級good/well better bestbad worse worstmany/much more mostlittle less leastfar farther/further farthest/furthest注：有些形容詞一般沒有比較等級。如： right, wrong, woolen等。形容詞的比較等級的用法：比較級用于二者的比較。【例】 Li Ping is older than Wang Hai. 李平比王海年紀大。There are more students in Class One than in Class Two.一班比二班學生多。二、 形容詞各等級的用法：1、 原級（同級）比較：asas; not as(so)asWell give you as much help as we can.She isnt as(so)active in sports as before.2. 比較級：表示兩者之間比 更可用狀語much, a little, even等修飾： He made fewer mistakes than I did.He is even richer than I.3、 高級：形容詞最高級前必須加the, 副詞最高級前常省略the，后面多用of， in短語表示范圍：It was the most/least interesting story I have ever listened.He is the tallest of the three.4、 如果在兩者之間表示“最”時要在比較級前加the，而且還用of the two, of the pair短語：John is the clever of the two boys.Of the two boys, John is the clever.三、 重點與難點：1、 asas結(jié)構(gòu)：你和湯姆是一樣好的孩子。Youre a boy as good as Tom.=Youre as good a boy as Tom.2、 (1)tooto與 sothat sb.cant的句型轉(zhuǎn)換：前者為簡單句，主語只有一個，而后者為復合句，主語有兩個，試比較：The man was too angry to be able to speak.The man was so angry that he wasnt able to speak.The milk was too hot to drink.The milk was so hot that we cant drink it.(2) tooto與 not enough to句型的轉(zhuǎn)換：He is too young to get married.=He is not old enough to get married.The book is too difficult for me to read.=The book is not easy enough for me to read.3、 形容詞原級表示比較級含義：約翰不象邁克那么苯。John is not so stupid as Mike.John is less stupid than Mike.John is cleverer than Mike.4、 用比較級表示最高級：約翰是班里最高的男生。John is taller than any other boy in the class.John is the tallest boy in the class.John is taller than :any other boy.any of the other boy.all the other boy.any of the others.any one else.5、 the more. the more.表示“越越”:The more books you read, the wider your knowledge is.The more food you eat, the fatter you are.6、 more and more.表示“越來越”:More and more students realized the importance of a foreign language.Our country is getting stronger and stronger.Mid-Autumn FestivalMid-Autumn Day形容詞比較級和最高級絕大多數(shù)形容詞有三種形式,原級,比較級和最高級, 以表示形容詞說明的性質(zhì)在程度上的不同。形容詞的原級: 形容詞的原級形式就是詞典中出現(xiàn)的形容詞的原形。 例如: poor tall great glad bad形容詞的比較級和最高級: 形容詞的比較級和最高級形式是在形容詞的原級形式的基礎(chǔ)上變化的。 分為規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化。規(guī)則變化如下:1) 單音節(jié)形容詞的比較級和最高級形式是在詞尾加 -er 和 -est 構(gòu)成。great (原級) (比較級) (最高級)2) 以 -e 結(jié)尾的單音節(jié)形容詞的比較級和最高級是在詞尾加 -r 和 -st 構(gòu)成。wide (原級) (比較級) (最高級)3)少數(shù)以-y, -er, -ow, -ble結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)形容詞的比較級和最高級是在詞尾加 -er 和 -est 構(gòu)成。clever(原級) (比較級) (最高級)4) 以 -y 結(jié)尾,但 -y 前是輔音字母的形容詞的比較級和最高級是把 -y 去掉,加上 -ier 和-est 構(gòu)成.happy (原形) (比較級) (最高級)5) 以一個輔音字母結(jié)尾其前面的元音字母發(fā)短元音的形容詞的比較級和最高級是雙寫該輔音字母然后再加 -er和-est。big (原級) (比較級) (最高級)6) 雙音節(jié)和多音節(jié)形容詞的比較級和最高級需用more 和 most 加在形容詞前面來構(gòu)成。beautiful (原級) (比較級) (比較級)difficult (原級) (最高級) (最高級)常用的不規(guī)則變化的形容詞的比較級和最高級:原級-比較級-最高級good-better-bestmany-more-mostmuch-more-mostbad-worse-worstfar-farther, further-farthest, furthest形容詞前如加 less 和 least 則表示較不和最不important 重要 less important 較不重要 least important 最不重要形容詞比較級的用法:形容詞的比較級用于兩個人或事物的比較,其結(jié)構(gòu)形式如下:主語+謂語(系動詞)+ 形容詞比較級+than+ 對比成分。 也就是, 含有形容詞比較級的主句+than+從句。注意從句常常省去意義上和主句相同的部分, 而只剩下對比的成分。Our teacher is we are. 我們老師的個子比我們的高。It is today than it was yesterday. 今天的天氣比昨天暖和。This picture is than that one. 這張照片比那張照片漂亮。This meeting is than that one. 這次會議不如那次會議重要。The sun is than the moon. 太陽比月亮大得多。形容詞最高級的用法:形容詞最高級用于兩個以上的人和物進行比較, 其結(jié)構(gòu)形式為:主語+謂語(系動詞)+the+形容詞最高級+名詞+表示范圍的短語或從句。She is student her class. 她是班上最好的學生。Shanghai is one of cities China. 上海是中國最大城市之一。This is apple I have ever met. 這是我見到的最大的蘋果。Tom is boy in his basketball team. 湯姆是他們籃球隊中個子最高的孩子。形容詞鞏固練習1、-Alex Honnold is planning to climb the mountain, without even using a rope. -What? Ive never heard of _ idea before.A. a crazier B. the crazier C. a craziest D. the craziest2、If you want to be healthier, you must eat junk food, I think. A. less B. more C. much D. fewer 3、Well try to do _ work with _ time than before.A. much; much B. little; little C. less; more D. more; less4、The new swimming pool near our neighborhood makes it _ for us to exercise than before. A. convenient B. more convenient C. less convenient D. most convenient5、Of the two coats, Id like to buy _ one to save money for a book A. the cheaper B. the cheapest C. cheaper D. cheapest6、What do you think of his new design?Its of even _ practical value than the old one. Hes just a bookworm. A. greater B. great C. less D. little7、Both of the T-shirts are in style this year. But I think this one is. A. popularB. much popular C. more popularD. the most popular8、Jim is _ than Tom, so he has more friends.A. friendly B. more popular C. the most popular D. the most friendly9、-What do you think of the movie? -It cant be _. I dont like it at all. Agood Bbetter Cworse Dbest10、_ you eat butter, cream and chocolate, _ you will become.A. The more; the thinnerB. The less; the fatterC. More; fatter D. The more; the fatter11、After watching Kung Fu Panda, my problems seemed _and I felt much better. A. seriouser B. more serious C. most serious D. less serious12、Lucys handwriting is good, but Roses handwriting is much _.A. good B. best C. better D. the best13、Its good for your health to do _ sports. A. much B. least C. more D. most14、 What did you think of our performance on the charity show? Wonderful! I dont think I can see a _ one.A. bad B. worse C. good D. better15、Our co