中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日春節(jié).ppt

中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日,Chinese traditional festivals,Spring Festival 春節(jié),Spring Festival 時(shí)間：農(nóng)歷正月初一Time: the lunar calendar 英文：The Spring FestivalEnglish: The are Festival 釋義paraphrase 春節(jié)是農(nóng)歷的一歲之首，俗稱“大年”,也叫“大年初一”。The Spring Festival is the first lunar year, commonly known as “annual“, also called the “l(fā)unar New Year“.,起源 origin,春節(jié)的來(lái)歷，在我國(guó)大約有四千多年的歷史了。The origin of the Spring Festival in China, there are about 4,000 years old.它是我國(guó)民間最熱鬧、最隆重的一個(gè)傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日。It is our country folk the most lively, a ceremonious traditional festival.古代的春節(jié)，是指農(nóng)歷二十四個(gè)節(jié)氣中的“立春”時(shí)節(jié)，南北朝以后才將春節(jié)改在一年歲末，并泛指整個(gè)春季，這時(shí)大地回春，萬(wàn)象更新，人們便把它作為新的一年的開(kāi)始。Ancient Spring Festival, it is to point to the lunar cycle of “four and twenty year“ season, the northern and southern dynasties before Spring Festival in a year end will change, and the whole spring, when the earth tuyuhun, de-aging fresh, people took it to be the beginning of the New Year.到了辛亥革命后的民國(guó)初年，改農(nóng)歷為公歷陽(yáng)歷后，便將正月初一定為春節(jié)。Arrived after the revolution of 1911, the republic of the lunar calendar Gregorian calendar for change, then they will of the first month as the Spring Festival.直到1949年9月27日，中國(guó)人民政治協(xié)商會(huì)議上才正式把正月初一的新年定為“春節(jié)”，因而至今仍有許多人將過(guò)春節(jié)叫過(guò)年。Until September 27 in 1949, the Chinese peoples political consultative conference will be officially put the first month of the New Year as “Spring Festival“, thus so far, there are still many people will celebrate the Spring Festival called for the New Year.,相關(guān)傳說(shuō) Related legends,1、 年： 人們常把過(guò)春節(jié)說(shuō)成“過(guò)年”，而“年”的最初含義與今天根本不同。In the Spring Festival, people often say into a “New Year“, and “nian“ original meaning and today radically different.據(jù)說(shuō)，在遠(yuǎn)古的時(shí)候，世界上有一種最兇惡的野獸叫“年”。It is said that in ancient times, the world has a kind of the fiercest animals called “nian“.它生長(zhǎng)得比駱駝還大。It is greater than the camels grow.跑起來(lái)比風(fēng)還快，吼起來(lái)比雷還響。Run faster than the wind, shouted than ray still ring.它一出來(lái)，見(jiàn)人吃人，見(jiàn)畜傷畜，人們的生命安全受到嚴(yán)重威脅。It went forth, and saw a person cannibalism, see livestock injury cattle, the life of people threatens the safety.天神為了懲罰“年”，把它鎖進(jìn)深山，只許它一年出山一次。The devas to punish “year“, lock him into the mountains, only a year. The mountain once人們?cè)陂L(zhǎng)期的實(shí)踐中，發(fā)現(xiàn)了“年”有“三怕”怕紅顏色、怕響聲、怕火光。People in long-term practice, discovered the “in“ to have a “3 be afraid“ - was afraid of the red color, afraid of noise, afraid of light.于是，有一年臘月三十晚，大伙在門口貼上紅紙，不斷地敲鑼打鼓、放鞭炮，晚上屋子里徹夜點(diǎn)上燈。Then, one year December 30 late, everyone at the door labeled with red paper, constantly beating drums, set off firecrackers, evening room night light a candle.“年”晚上來(lái)了一看，家家燈光通明；“Nian“ night came a look, all the lights were blazing,一聽(tīng)，處處放炮聲，嚇得它不敢進(jìn)村。Listen, everywhere put cannon-fire, frighten it dare not into the village.白天它又偷偷下山來(lái)，見(jiàn)還是戶戶門上紅，遍地咚咚響，嚇得它膽顫心驚，調(diào)頭又跑回去了。Daytime it secretly mountain to see or household on the door, and the land drum the red ring, frighten it jittered, turn and run back to.從此后，“年”一直沒(méi)敢出來(lái)，據(jù)說(shuō)餓死在深山老林里了。Ever since then, “nian“ havent dare come out, is said to starve in the wilds.后來(lái)，人們才把防“年”、“驅(qū)年”，變成安安穩(wěn)穩(wěn)地過(guò)年了。Later, people to prevent “year“, “flooding year“, became steady Chinese New Year.“年”沒(méi)有了，但是過(guò)年的習(xí)俗仍保持著?！癗ian“ have no, but new customs still remain.鮮紅的春聯(lián)，輝煌的燈火，清脆的爆竹，響亮的鑼鼓，年年如此。Bright red couplets, magnificent lights, crispy firecracker, loud drums, it happens every year.,還有一個(gè)傳說(shuō)： There is a legend:,相傳，中國(guó)古時(shí)候有一種叫“年“的怪獸，頭長(zhǎng)觸角，兇猛異常。According to legend, ancient Chinese have a kind of call “year“ monster head long feelers, fierce abnormalities.“年“長(zhǎng)年深居海底，每到除夕才爬上岸，吞食牲畜傷害人命?！癥ear“ in the seabed, each elder deep to New Years eve just climbed out, swallowed cattle damage lives. 因此，每到除夕這天，村村寨寨的人們扶老攜幼逃往深山，以躲避“年“獸的傷害。Therefore, every day, New Years eve CunCunZhaiZhai people FuLaoXieYou fled to the mountains, to avoid “in“ the beast of damage. 這年除夕，桃花村的人們正扶老攜幼上山避難，從村外來(lái)了個(gè)乞討的老人，只見(jiàn)他手拄拐杖，臂搭袋囊，銀須飄逸，目若朗星。This NianChuXi, peach blossom village people are FuLaoXieYou up from the village outside the evacuation, seemingly begging old man, see his hand on crutch, arm take bag sac, YinXu elegant, eye if lang stars. 鄉(xiāng)親們有的封窗鎖門，有的收拾行裝，有的牽牛趕羊，到處人喊馬嘶，一片匆忙恐慌景象。Hometowns some seals a window to lock the door, some packed up, some petunia driving sheep, everywhere people shout troops, a hurried panic scene.這時(shí)，誰(shuí)還有心關(guān)照這位乞討的老人。At this moment, who still heart care the begging the old man.只有村東頭一位老婆婆給了老人些食物，并勸他快上山躲避“年“獸，那老人捋髯笑道：“婆婆若讓我在家呆一夜，我一定把“年“獸攆走。老婆婆驚目細(xì)看，見(jiàn)他鶴發(fā)童顏、精神矍鑠，氣宇不凡?？伤匀焕^續(xù)勸說(shuō)，乞討老人笑而不語(yǔ)。婆婆無(wú)奈，只好撇下家，上山避難去了。 半夜時(shí)分，“年“獸闖進(jìn)村。它發(fā)現(xiàn)村里氣氛與往年不同：村東頭老婆婆家，門貼大紅紙，屋內(nèi)燭火通明。,“Only village as an old woman gave the old man some food, and urged him quickly up the mountain from “year“ beast, the old man knew something fine beard say with smile: “mother-in-law if let me stay at home all night, and I must make the“ in “the beast out. The old woman surprised mesh scrutiny, and, behold, he HeFaTongYan, vigorous and vigorous uncommon. But she still continue to persuasion, begging the old man smiling without a word. Her mother-in-law had no alternative but to leave home, and went up into the mountain shelter. At midnight,“ year “beast into village. It found the village atmosphere is different from the village as the familys home, wife: DaGongZhi room door post candle lit.“年“獸渾身一抖，怪叫了一聲。 “年“朝婆婆家怒視片刻，隨即狂叫著撲過(guò)去。將近門口時(shí)，院內(nèi)突然傳來(lái)“砰砰啪啪“的炸響聲，“年“渾身戰(zhàn)栗，再不敢往前湊了。 原來(lái)，“年“最怕紅色、火光和炸響。這時(shí)，婆婆的家門大開(kāi)，只見(jiàn)院內(nèi)一位身披紅袍的老人在哈哈大笑。“In “the beast was a shake, call loudly.“ year “stares toward her mother-in-law home for a moment, then the barking. Nearly swoop in the door, nosocomial suddenly spread“ banging spluttered “fry sound,“ year “shuddered, again dare not go up. Originally,“ year “most afraid of red, the light of fire, and exploding. Then, her mother-in-laws door open, see the old man in a red nosocomial in laughed,.“年“大驚失色，狼狽逃躥了。 第二天是正月初一，避難回來(lái)的人們見(jiàn)村里安然無(wú)恙十分驚奇。這時(shí)，老婆婆才恍然大悟，趕忙向鄉(xiāng)親們述說(shuō)了乞討老人的許諾。 鄉(xiāng)親們一齊擁向老婆婆家，只見(jiàn)婆婆家門上貼著紅紙，院里一堆未燃盡的竹子仍在“啪啪“炸響，屋內(nèi)幾根紅臘燭還發(fā)著余光 欣喜若狂的鄉(xiāng)親們?yōu)閼c賀吉祥的來(lái)臨，紛紛換新衣戴新帽，到親家道喜問(wèn)好。這件事很快在周圍村里傳開(kāi)了，人們都知道了驅(qū)趕“年“獸的辦法。 從此每年除夕，家家貼紅對(duì)聯(lián)、燃放爆竹；戶戶燭火通明、守更待歲。初一一大早，還要走親串友道喜問(wèn)好。這風(fēng)俗越傳越廣，成了中國(guó)民間最隆重的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日。In “was surprised and distressed. The next day is fled leap up is the first month, seek refuge back people see the village safe amazement. At this moment, the old woman is suddenly enlighted, quickly to the villagers told begging the old mans promise. Folks toghter hug to wife the husbands family, see her mother-in-law house with a red paper, cinema a heap of not burn of bamboo is still in“ as “exploding, lit a candle also root red la send out. delight folks celebrating the advent of auspicious, are changing clothes wear new cap, to relatives and friends home. It regards daoxi village quickly spread around, people know driven“ year “beast way. From then on, every year New Years eve put up red couplets, firecrackers; household candle lit, ShouGeng for years. Kicks in early morning, still walk a friend congratulate. This customs more spreadses more and widely, became the most solemn Chinese folk traditional festival.,適用地區(qū) Applicable areas,春節(jié)是漢族最重要的節(jié)日，但是滿、蒙古，瑤、壯、白、高山、赫哲、哈尼、達(dá)斡爾、侗、黎等十幾個(gè)少數(shù)民族也有過(guò)春節(jié)的習(xí)俗，只是過(guò)節(jié)的形式更有自己的民族特色，更加蘊(yùn)味無(wú)窮。The Spring Festival is the most important festival in han nationality, but full, Mongolia, yao, zhuang, white, high mountains, the hezhen nationality, haney, daur, dong, li dozen minority also had the Spring Festival custom, just feast form more has its own national features, more aggregates flavour is boundless.,習(xí)俗 custom,守歲 放鞭炮 貼春聯(lián) 拜年演變ShouSui set off firecrackers Spring Festival couplet paid evolution,起源：春節(jié)和新年的概念，最初的含意來(lái)自農(nóng)業(yè)，古時(shí)人們把谷的生長(zhǎng)周期稱為“年”，說(shuō)文。禾部：“年，谷熟也”。Genesis: Christmas and the new concept, the original meaning from agriculture, ancient people to the valley of the growth cycle called “year“, “said wen. Bluegrass department“ : “year, ripe also“. The valley|在夏商時(shí)代產(chǎn)生了夏歷，以月亮圓缺的周期為月，一年劃分為十二個(gè)月，每月以不見(jiàn)月亮的那天為朔，正月朔日的子時(shí)稱為歲首，即一年的開(kāi)始，也叫年，年的名稱是從周朝開(kāi)始的，至了西漢才正式固定下來(lái)，一直延續(xù)到今天。| in the dynasties of xia and shang produced XiaLi to the moon cycles for months and one year is divided into 12 months, monthly in sight on the day of the new moon, for the house of ShuoRi called at the beginning of a year, namely, also called in the name of the zhou dynasty, years from the start of the western han dynasty, to not formally fixed down, continue to today.但古時(shí)的正月初一被稱為“元旦”，直到中國(guó)近代辛亥革命勝利后，南京臨時(shí)政府為了順應(yīng)農(nóng)時(shí)和便于統(tǒng)計(jì)，規(guī)定在民間使用夏歷，在政府機(jī)關(guān)、廠礦、學(xué)校和團(tuán)體中實(shí)行公歷，以公歷的元月一日為元旦，農(nóng)歷的正月初一稱春節(jié)。But the first month of the ancients called “modern Chinese New Years day, until the 1911 revolution victory, nanjing interim government in order to conform to farming and facilitate the statistics, stipulate in folk use XiaLi, in government, mines, schools and organizations to carry out a Gregorian calendar for January 1 of the Gregorian calendar of the first month of the lunar New Years day, Spring Festival said.,元旦與春節(jié)的關(guān)系 New Years day and the Spring Festival relationship,1949年9月27日，新中國(guó)成立，在中國(guó)人民政治協(xié)商會(huì)議第一屆全體會(huì)議上，通過(guò)了使用世界上通用的公歷紀(jì)元，把公歷的元月一日定為元旦，俗稱陽(yáng)歷年；On sep. 27, 1949, the founding of the Chinese peoples political consultative conference of the first plenary meeting, through the use of world universal Gregorian calendar era, the Gregorian calendar on January 1st as New Years day, commonly known as YangLiNian;農(nóng)歷正月初一通常都在立春前后，因而把農(nóng)歷正月初一定為“春節(jié)”，俗稱陰歷年。The lunar calendar year usually here before and turned on the lunar calendar) as “Spring Festival“, commonly known as celebrated on the fifteenth day.,傳統(tǒng)意義上的春節(jié)是指從臘月初八的臘祭或臘月二十三的祭灶，一直到正月十五，其中以除夕和正月初一為高潮。The traditional sense of the Spring Festival from December 8th refers to the wax offering or month, 23 of people, until the fifteenth, among them with New Years eve and the first day of the first climax.在春節(jié)這一傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日期間，我國(guó)的漢族和大多數(shù)少數(shù)民族都會(huì)舉行各種各樣的慶?；顒?dòng)，這些活動(dòng)大多以祭祀神佛、祭奠祖先、除舊布新、迎禧接福、祈求豐年為主要內(nèi)容。During the Spring Festival this traditional festival, Chinas han and the most minorities can hold all kinds of celebration activities, these activities are offered hit, the worship of ancestors, the millennium bringers of good fortune, and make prayer to harvest as the main content.活動(dòng)形式豐富多彩，帶有濃郁的民族特色。Activities form rich and colorful, with strong ethnic characteristics.,有關(guān)詩(shī)句: Relevant verses:,春 節(jié),田家元旦-孟浩然TianGu New Years day - meng haoran,昨夜斗回北 今朝歲起東Last night, fights back to north jinzhao years old up to east 我年已強(qiáng)仕 無(wú)祿尚憂農(nóng)I been in strong shi is sorrow without eloth farmers 桑野就耕父 荷鋤隨牧童SangYe will plow father lotus hoe with cowboys 田家占?xì)夂?共說(shuō)此年豐TianGuZhan climate altogether said the years abundant,元日（玉樓春）-毛滂YuanRi (jade LouChun) - MaoPang,一年滴盡蓮花漏 碧井屠蘇沈凍酒A year as lotus leakage Bess well