2018_2019學(xué)年高中英語Unit22EnvironmentalProtectionSectionⅥ（自修課）Writing—報(bào)告學(xué)案.docx

Section (自修課) Writing報(bào)告報(bào)告是就一個(gè)問題展開調(diào)查后做出的分析與總結(jié)。報(bào)告是一種應(yīng)用文體。調(diào)查者在對(duì)特定對(duì)象深入考察了解的基礎(chǔ)上，經(jīng)過歸納整理，分析研究，進(jìn)而揭示事物的本質(zhì)，得出符合實(shí)際的結(jié)論，用文字形式表現(xiàn)出來。寫作時(shí)要注意知識(shí)的科學(xué)性，行文的條理性和語言的準(zhǔn)確性。一、基本結(jié)構(gòu)報(bào)告一般分為四部分：1標(biāo)題(Heading)：標(biāo)題一般分為話題(Subject)與報(bào)告日期(Date)2報(bào)告的目的(Aim of the Report)3陳述(Comments)：陳述有負(fù)面陳述(Negative Comments)和積極陳述(Positive Comments)4結(jié)論和建議(Conclusion and Suggestions)二、增分佳句1The aim of this report is to ./This report aims to .2There are several disappointing facts and figures.3There are also problems caused by .4Furthermore/In addition/Moreover, there are the problems caused by .5On the other hand, there are some encouraging things.6Although these figures are depressing, things have improved recently.7Despite these depressing figures, things have improved recently.8For example, the Chinese government has recently decided to .9As a result of this, people now expect .10What this means is that people now expect .11To sum up, the situation is .12All things considered, there seems to be .題目要求隨著哥本哈根聯(lián)合國氣候大會(huì)(the UN Conference in Copenhagen)的召開，越來越多的人關(guān)注氣候變化。請(qǐng)你寫一篇100詞左右的報(bào)告，簡要描述過量排放二氧化碳 (carbon dioxide)的危害(嚴(yán)重的風(fēng)暴、干旱、全球變暖)，并提出具體建議，號(hào)召人們選擇低碳生活 (lowcarbon life) 方式。第一步：審題構(gòu)思很關(guān)鍵一、審題1確定體裁：本文為應(yīng)用文體報(bào)告；2確定人稱：本文的主要人稱為第三人稱；3確定時(shí)態(tài)：主體部分用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。二、構(gòu)思第一部分：開篇點(diǎn)題：二氧化碳過量排放帶來的危害。第二部分：說明人們已意識(shí)到低碳生活的重要性以及所采取的實(shí)際行動(dòng)。第三部分：號(hào)召人們?yōu)榄h(huán)保做貢獻(xiàn)。第二步：核心詞匯想周全1lead_to,_result_in,_cause_導(dǎo)致2call_on,_advocate 號(hào)召/倡導(dǎo)3take_action,_take_measures_ 采取措施4apart_from,_besides,_in_addition_to 除了5make_a_difference 起作用，有意義6related,_relevant,_connected 相關(guān)的第三步：由詞擴(kuò)句雛形現(xiàn)1隨著空氣中二氧化碳含量的增加，全球溫度持續(xù)上升。(使用as引導(dǎo)從句)As_the_levels_of_carbon_dioxide_in_the_air_are_increasing_rapidly,_the_global_temperature_continues_going_up.2氣溫上升并將導(dǎo)致海平面更高，更多的暴風(fēng)雨、洪災(zāi)、旱災(zāi)，甚至使許多物種滅絕。(rise, result in作謂語，and連接的并列句)The_temperature_rises_and_it_will_result_in_a_higher_sea_level,_more_severe_storms,_floods,_droughts,_even_the_extinction_of_species.3哥本哈根聯(lián)合國氣候大會(huì)已引起了越來越多的人的注意。The_UN_Conference_in_Copenhagen_has_attracted_more_and_more_peoples_attention.4哥本哈根聯(lián)合國氣候大會(huì)關(guān)注應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化將會(huì)采取的行動(dòng)。The_UN_Conference_in_Copenhagen_focuses_on_future_actions_on_climate_changes.5人們意識(shí)到：過低碳生活是必要的。(people作主語，賓語從句)People_realize_that_it_is_necessary_to_lead_a_lowcarbon_life.6如果不用時(shí)，我們要關(guān)掉燈、電視和電腦等。(if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句)Turn_off_the_lights,_the_TV,_the_computers_and_so_on_if_we_are_not_using_them.7如果情況允許的話，循環(huán)利用罐頭盒、瓶子、塑料袋和報(bào)紙。(if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句)Recycle_cans,_bottles,_plastic_bags_and_newspapers_if_circumstances_allow_us_to.8如果我們都考慮這些問題，倡導(dǎo)低碳生活，將來我們會(huì)有一個(gè)更美好更潔凈的家園。(if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句)If_all_of_us_should_think_about_the_problems_and_live_a_lowcarbon_life,_we_shall_have_a_better_and_cleaner_planet_home_in_the_future.第四步：句式升級(jí)造亮點(diǎn)1用with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)改寫句1With_the_levels_of_carbon_dioxide_in_the_air_increasing_rapidly,_the_global_temperature_continues_going_up.2用現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語改寫句2The_temperature_rises,_resulting_in_a_higher_sea_level,_more_severe_storms,_floods,_droughts,_even_the_extinction_of_species.3用which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句把句3和句4連接起來The_UN_Conference_in_Copenhagen_focuses_on_future_actions_on_climate_changes,_which_has_attracted_more_and_more_peoples_attention._4用It is realized that .改寫句5It_is_realized_that_living_a_lowcarbon_life_is_necessary.第五步：過渡銜接聯(lián)成篇With the levels of carbon dioxide in the air increasing rapidly, the global temperature continues going up. It would be a catastrophe. The temperature rises, resulting in a higher sea level, more severe storms, floods, droughts, even the extinction of species.The_UN_Conference_in_Copenhagen_focused_on_future_actions_on_climate_changes,_which_has_attracted_more_and_more_peoples_attention._It_is_realized_that_living_a_lowcarbon_life_is_necessary._Turn_off_the_lights,_the_TV,_the_computers_and_so_on_if_we_are_not_using_them._Recycle_cans,_bottles,_plastic_bags_and_newspapers_if_circumstances_allow_us_to._Walk_or_