選修6unit5Thepowerofnature知識(shí)點(diǎn).docVIP

選修六Unit 5 The power of nature重點(diǎn)詞匯講解1volcano n. pl. volcanoesan active volcano活火山an extinct volcano死火山a dormant volcano休眠火山volcanology 火山學(xué)volcanologist火山學(xué)家 pianist physicist novelist2. erupt vi1)（火山）爆發(fā)，噴發(fā)Mount Vesuvius hasnt erupted for a good many years. 維蘇威火山。2)（搏斗，暴力事件，噪音等）突然發(fā)生，爆發(fā)Violence in street can erupt for no apparent reason. 在沒有明顯原因的情況下。erupt into laughter / shouting / crying, etc.突然大笑/叫喊/大哭He erupted into laughter without any reason. erupt , explode , burst erupt 噴出 ，爆發(fā) 。強(qiáng)調(diào)突然發(fā)生，也可作比喻意義。explode 爆炸，爆發(fā)。只混合物點(diǎn)燃后空氣突然膨脹而釋放大量的熱能，同事發(fā)出巨響。作比喻時(shí)表示一種感情的突然釋放或?qū)κ挛锏钠茐摹urst 爆炸，爆發(fā)。強(qiáng)調(diào)在強(qiáng)大的壓力作用下突然釋放出能量。也可比喻意義，之人的敢侵犯的宣泄。The bomb exploded at a great distance from out observationpoint ,but with so much noise that I was deafened for several minutes.The poor girl burst into tears when she heard the bad news.3. alongside 1) prep. with “和” ; beside “在.旁邊”Its a pleasure to work alongside such men. The boat pulled up alongside the dock（碼頭）.2) adv. 在旁邊;沿著;靠攏著;并排地The police car drew up alongside. 拓展：alongside of 在旁邊，與并排，與相比alongside with 與一起， 除.以外4 . equipment 【u】 n.1) 配備,裝備The complete equipment of the new hospital will take a year. 把這個(gè)新醫(yī)院的設(shè)備配齊要化一年時(shí)間。2) 設(shè)備， 器材This is a usual piece of equipment for the kitchen.medical / office equipment equip v. 裝備,使有準(zhǔn)備使能夠做某事Equip ourselves with knowledgeEquip the army with modern weapons5. Sometimes working indoors, Im never bored.bored (人)厭煩的boring （物）令人厭煩的I am bored with the same old routine day after day.The book is boring.bore v. (尤指無(wú)聊的長(zhǎng)話)使(人)厭煩-I am sorry I spoke for so long -I hope I didnt bore you. bore sb. to death 使某人厭煩得要命He is always asking the same question, which bores me to death. bore n. 令人厭煩的人,令人厭煩的事Doing housework is a real bore. 6. appoint vt.任命,指派 appoint sb. as/to beThey appointed him (to be) manager.Who shall we appoint as chairman ?約定,指定;安排Our visitors arrived at the appointed time. 拓展：appoint sb. to do sth. appoint a time / place / for sth. / to do sth. The time appointed for the meeting is 10:30.appointment n.(尤指正式的)約會(huì)+withhave an appointment with sb. 與某人約會(huì)I have an appointment with them in the evening. 7. evaluate vt. 評(píng)估，評(píng)價(jià)I cannot evaluate his ability without seeing his work. By marks in number or letters, the teacher evaluates a students homework. 作“評(píng)價(jià)”講時(shí)，其同意詞是appraise ;“高度評(píng)價(jià)”可用highly appraise ,speak highly of , set a high value on . think highly of來(lái)表示。evaluate water quality , evaluate method , evaluate factorevaluation n. 評(píng)估，評(píng)價(jià)They made an intensive evaluation of the health care program.evaluate , estimate , value evaluate: 往往用來(lái)表示“評(píng)價(jià).”，而很少用來(lái)表示“估計(jì)”某物的市場(chǎng)價(jià)值。estimate：表示“估計(jì)”，只是猜測(cè)，甚至只是一種想法。value：多用來(lái)估計(jì)某物的價(jià)值。The research project has only been under way for 3 months ,so its too early to evaluate its success.We estimated that it would cost about 5,000 dollars.The car has been valued at over 20,000 yuan.8. burn to the ground 完全(樓房等)燒毀He has no place to live in because his house has been burnt to the ground. 與burn搭配的常用詞組有： burn away燒掉 Half of the candle had burnt away.burn down 漸漸燒完 The room grew colder as the fire burnt down.burn sth. down 把燒得精光 Dont forget to turn off the gas-you might burn the house down. burn up 燒得更旺 He put more wood on the fire to make it burn up.burn sth. up 把燒掉 He has burnt up all the garden rubbish.burn off 燒掉某物，消耗 burn to death 燒死 burn out 燒光 burn oneself out 耗盡某人精力9 . unfortunately adv. fortune n.運(yùn)氣，財(cái)富，財(cái)產(chǎn)/ v. fortunate adj. fortunately adv. unfortunate adj. unfortunately adv.make a fortune, have a good /bad fortunetry ones fortunetell sb.s fortunebe (un)fortunate to do sth.be (un)fortunate in 10. wave v. 1）指固定的物體王府或者上下擺動(dòng)或搖動(dòng)2）（指人）揮手、招手、擺手3）（使某物）呈弧形a flag waving in the breeze , a field of waving corn;He waved ( to us ) when he saw us.She has her hair waved .n. 波浪，The storm whipped up (掀起了) huge waves.拓展：wave band （無(wú)線電波）波段 wave length （光波、聲波等的）波長(zhǎng) in waves 一批一批，一陣一陣wave sth. aside 不理會(huì)某事11. However, the eruption itself is really exciting to watch and I shall never forget my first sight of one.然而火山噴發(fā)本身的確是很壯觀的，我永遠(yuǎn)也忘不了我第一次看見火山噴發(fā)時(shí)的情景。在“主語(yǔ)+be+形容詞+不定時(shí)”句型中，有時(shí)主語(yǔ)是不定時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語(yǔ)，這時(shí)應(yīng)用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。適合于此結(jié)構(gòu)的形容詞比較多，最常用的有amusing, dangerous, difficult, easy, important, nice, pleasant 等當(dāng)上述形容詞在句子做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，后接不定時(shí)，不定時(shí)也用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義That question is difficult to answer.Chicken legs are nice to eat.I found him easy to get along with.They dont think the game interesting to play.sight , scene , scenery, viewsight: 表示“風(fēng)景，名勝”時(shí)用復(fù)數(shù)形式，人文景觀；還有“視力”意思。scene： 指一眼可以瀏覽的風(fēng)景，不限于自然風(fēng)景。scenery：集合名詞，至該地區(qū)的“整個(gè)風(fēng)景”，是有多個(gè)scene構(gòu)成的景色。view : 常指在遠(yuǎn)處或高處，一人的角度看到的scenery一部分。Birds have better sight than dogs. We have a fine view of the lake from our hotel window.Guilin is world-famous for its scenery. There are many beautiful scenes in the park.12. Having experienced quite a few earthquakes in Hawaii already, I didnt take much notice.由于我已經(jīng)在夏威夷經(jīng)歷過好幾次地震，所以我并沒過多注意。Having分詞短語(yǔ)在句中作狀語(yǔ)，表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作take notice之前。Having cleaned the classroom, the students went to the playground to watch the football match.Having been flooded for several weeks, the city needed food.experience v. “體驗(yàn)，經(jīng)歷”n. “經(jīng)驗(yàn)，體驗(yàn)（不可數(shù)）;“經(jīng)歷，體會(huì)（可數(shù)）The old man experienced two world warsShe has had two years experience in teaching.He had many interesting experiences while traveling in Europe.take notice of sb or sth 注意到（常用于否定句）Take no notice of what others say about your way of life.13. fountain n.1) 泉水;噴泉;水源A beautiful stone fountain was set in the middle of the garden. 花園中央砌造了一個(gè)漂亮的石頭噴水池。2） (知識(shí)等的)源泉;根源(+of)Ancient Greece was a fountain of wisdom and philosophy. 14. absolute adj. 完全的，真實(shí)的Its an absolute fact.He said with absolute certainty that he was right.I have absolute trust in your honest.absolute 沒有比較級(jí)，不能被表示程度的副詞如very修飾，但可用nearly來(lái)修飾。拓展:absolute zero 絕對(duì)零度absolute majorityabsolute trustabsolute proof 確鑿證據(jù)absolutely adv.完全地，無(wú)條件地,完全對(duì)absolutely right十分對(duì)，對(duì)極了，當(dāng)然（口語(yǔ)，作為對(duì)一問題的回答或評(píng)語(yǔ)）-Do you let your kids walk alone at night? -Absolutely not. 15. suitn. (一套)衣服 CI picked out a black suit.vt.1） 適合,中.的意The arrangement suited us both. 這個(gè)安排對(duì)我們兩人都合適。2） (不用被動(dòng)式)與.相配,與.相稱This dress suits you beautifully. 這件衣服你穿非常合適。vi. 相稱;彼此協(xié)調(diào)(+to/with)The position suits with his abilities.16. make ones way向某地走去,有出息She hesitated, but made her way forward. She hastily left the room ,and made her way to her bedIf you want to make your way in the world, you must learn to work hard while you are still young. make way (for)讓路,讓位All the traffic has to make way for a fire engine所有的車輛都得給救火車讓路.I shall make way for a younger man. feel one way摸索前進(jìn)push ones way擠過find ones way找到路，設(shè)法到達(dá)go ones way走自己的路，我行我素fight ones way奮勇前進(jìn)wind ones /its way蜿蜒前進(jìn)lose ones way迷路17. Today, I am just as enthusiastic about my job as the day I first started.如今，我和當(dāng)初從事這項(xiàng)工作時(shí)一樣滿懷熱情。在句中，the day 作復(fù)合連詞用，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句I first started名詞短語(yǔ)each time, every time, the moment（一就）和the day 等都可以用作復(fù)合名詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，使用時(shí)注意短語(yǔ)前面不可以有介詞，后面不用when.I will give him your message the minute he arrivesEvery time he says” to tell the truth” I suspect that he is about to tell a lie.He bought a computer the day he got his salary18. potentialn. U. 可能性;潛力,潛能 (+for)She has acting potential, but she needs training. He is a young player with great potential.The new invention has enormous sales potential.It was his high school teacher that discovered his potential and kept encouraging him.adj. 潛在的，可能的A number of potential buyers expressed interest in the company.This is a machine with several potential uses.Education develops potential abilities. 19. actual adj. 真實(shí)的； 實(shí)際的What were his actual words？The actual cost was much higher than we had expected.James looks younger than his wife but in actual fact (=really)he is several years older.actuality n. 真實(shí)，實(shí)際actually adv. 的確，真實(shí)地，事實(shí)上= as a matter of fact=in fact20. candidate n. 1.） 候選人;候補(bǔ)者They were in favor of the Democratic candidate for President. 他們支持民主黨總統(tǒng)候選人。2）求職應(yīng)征者M(jìn)ilo was the strongest candidate for the job. 洛在求職應(yīng)征者中具備最好的條件。21. precious adj. 貴重的,寶貴的,珍貴的He has sent me most precious gifts. Time is precious. 22. unconscious adj.1）不省人事的,失去知覺的He injured his head and was unconscious for one hour.2.）不知道的,未發(fā)覺的 (+of)They were so quiet that he was completely unconscious of their presence. 3）無(wú)意識(shí)的,不知不覺的an unconscious error 無(wú)意識(shí)犯的錯(cuò)誤23. shoot vt. (shoot-shot-shot)1） 發(fā)射,放射He shot the arrow from the bow.他拉弓把箭射了出去。2）拍攝The new movie was shot in Africa.3）射(門);投(籃);擊(球);擲(骰子)He shot two goals in the game. n.幼芽,幼枝24. tremble vi.1）tremble with 因而發(fā)抖Her voice trembled with anger. They trembled with cold.2）焦慮,擔(dān)憂+at/for to-vShe trembled for her daughters safety. 3）搖晃,搖動(dòng)The whole house trembled as the train went by. 火車開過時(shí),整幢房子都晃動(dòng)。n. 震顫,發(fā)抖;震動(dòng)25. anxious adj.1） 焦慮的,掛念的 +about /at / forIm anxious about her safety.2）令人焦慮的The days of the earthquake was an anxious time for all of us. 3）渴望的 for / +to-v / +thatWere anxious for your safe return. 我們盼望你平安歸來(lái)。Im really anxious to see him. 我急于見他。anxiety n.1）焦慮,掛念 U C + about / forThe mother was filled with anxiety about her daughters health. .憂心忡忡。2) 焦慮的原因;令人焦慮之事 C+toThat is a great anxiety to me. 那是一件使我深感焦慮的事情。3)渴望 C +for/ +to-vTheir anxiety to go was obvious.他們想去的急切心情是顯而易見的。26. panic v. / n.(使)恐慌,驚慌失措He had to force himself not to panic.He got into a panic when he found the door was locked.be in / get into a panic about sth. 對(duì).驚慌panic at /over sth. 對(duì)驚慌失措The crowd paniced at the sound of the gun.in a panic在驚慌中27. glance through/at /down/over瀏覽，匆匆看一遍I only had time to glance at the newspaper.He glanced briefly down the list of names. 草草.She glanced through the report. 大致28. vary v. “變化”The security always varies its route. 保安車常常改變路線。Opinions on this matter vary.(彼此）在這問題上意見很不一致。vary from to 在到之間變動(dòng)The temperature varies from time to time.The weather varied from very cold to quite mild.vary with隨而變化Leaves varies with the seasons.various adj. different from each other， of different kindsThere has been snow today in various parts of the country. 今天全國(guó)不同地區(qū)都下了雪。The products we sell are many and various. 我們出售的產(chǎn)品是各式各樣的。variety n.1) = change (質(zhì)量,種類和特征的)變化He doesnt like the work because it lacks variety. 因?yàn)樗鼏握{(diào)乏味。2) = kind 種類,品種:different varieties of bananas a variety of 許多，各種各樣These T-shirts are available in a wide variety of colors. 有各種各樣的顏色供挑選.29.