廣東高考英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)題講座：讀寫(xiě)任務(wù)

1、專(zhuān)題講座： 讀寫(xiě)任務(wù),2009年廣東卷 寫(xiě)作 第二節(jié) 讀寫(xiě)任務(wù)(共1小題, 滿(mǎn)分25分) 閱讀下面的短文, 然后按照要求寫(xiě)一篇150詞左右的英語(yǔ)短文。 Jackie is perhaps the most easily annoyed koala(考拉)at the Featherdale Wildlife Park in southern Australia. All the koalas there are unhappy and complaining. You would be too if you were used to night activities and someone k

2、ept waking you up all day while you were trying to sleep it off. Thats rightsleep it off. The average koala is always half asleep because it feeds on the leaves of a special kind that makes it sleepy.,The reason Jackie and her fellow koalas are repeatedly awoken from their deep sleep is so they can

3、be hugged and photographed by tourists, who make the trips to Featherdale and an increasing number of other national parks for just that special experience. Whatever department in the Aussie government in charge of such things is now moving to make the practice illegal, which is understandable. How

4、would you react, my friend, if you were trying to sleep off a dozen times and some round, furry creature smelling of grass kept waking you? *考拉即樹(shù)袋熊,寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容 1. 以約30個(gè)詞概括這段短文的內(nèi)容； 2. 然后以約120個(gè)詞就”該不該禁止游客和動(dòng)物拍照”進(jìn)行議論, 內(nèi)容包括： (1)人們?cè)趨⒂^動(dòng)物園時(shí)為什么喜歡和動(dòng)物拍照； (2)假如你處在那些動(dòng)物的處境, 你會(huì)有什么反應(yīng)； (3)你認(rèn)為是否應(yīng)該禁止游客和動(dòng)物拍照。 寫(xiě)作要求 1. 在作文中可以使用自

5、己親身的經(jīng)歷或虛構(gòu)的故事, 也可以參照閱讀材料的內(nèi)容但不得直接引用原文中的句子； 2. 作文中不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名和學(xué)校名稱(chēng)。 評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 概括準(zhǔn)確, 語(yǔ)言規(guī)范, 內(nèi)容合適, 篇章連貫。,The passage narrates that koalas who are repeatedly awoken from their deep sleep are unhappy and complaining for tourists taking photos.The author appeals to us to be more kind to animals.,In order to be hugge

6、d or photographed by tourists,koalas do not have enough sleeping, which makes them angry. And now the government forbids the tourists to take photo with the koalas.,參考范文,The reasons why tourists like taking photos of the animals in the zoo perhaps vary from people to people. Some think it a happy re

7、minder of their visit to the zoo or the animals, while others may consider it just sort of fun to have. But anyway they may not share the deep feelings of the animals. If I were in the same position as the animal in the zoo, my reaction would be very severe strongly against being photographed.No hav

8、ing peacefulsurroundings to sleep,dont you suffer restless and fidgets.No doubt we do and so do the anmals. I think it necessary to ban tourists taking pictures with animals,making a comfortable environment for them to live and regarding them as our friends,so as to establish harmonious relations wi

9、th animals,2008年 第二節(jié) 讀寫(xiě)任務(wù) (共1小題,滿(mǎn)分25分) 閱讀下面的短文，然后按照要求寫(xiě)一篇150詞左右的英語(yǔ)短文。 Hi, I am Mike. I just went through my first year of college. The toughest part on me at first was the general adjustment.1 went to a very small high school where my mom was a teacher and she did practically everything for me. But a

10、t the college I needed to know some basic life skills. such as balancing a checkbook,laundry, and the things you have to be able to handle that I never thought of in the high school! It was really tough for me at first and I got badly homesick. Once that first semester was over and I got used to the

11、 college life, I loved itgood facilities, helpful instructors, and a good library. The Students Union organizes various parties every week. I also go to cinemas and concerts, and often spend Saturday nights in pubs and clubs.,One thing I think is important is to get yourself active in things. I was

12、on the dance team in college and met a ton of people that way it was so much easier to make friends when you had a common ground.,寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容 學(xué)校最近組織了一次中美學(xué)生交流活動(dòng)，你參加其中的“大學(xué)校園生活”討論。聽(tīng)完Mike的發(fā)言之后，你準(zhǔn)備寫(xiě)一份發(fā)言稿，題目是“Preparing Myself for College Life”，內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)包括： 1. 以約30個(gè)詞概括Mike的發(fā)言要點(diǎn)； 2. 然后以約120個(gè)詞談?wù)勀憷硐氲拇髮W(xué)生活，內(nèi)容包括： (1)對(duì)中學(xué)生活的感

13、受； (2)理想的大學(xué)生活； (3)中學(xué)生活和大學(xué)生活的差別，以及你打算如何適應(yīng)。,寫(xiě)作要求 1. 在作文中可以使用自己親身的經(jīng)歷或虛構(gòu)的故事，也可以參照閱讀材料的內(nèi)容但不得直接引用原文中的句子； 2. 作文中不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名和學(xué)校名稱(chēng)。 評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 概括準(zhǔn)確，語(yǔ)言規(guī)范，內(nèi)容合適，篇章連貫。,參考范文 Mike said it was tough to accomplish the general adjustment but he began to enjoy himself after that due to various activities. He advised freshmen t

14、o be active in order to make new friends. As far as I am concerned, Im preparing to enter a university and leaving the high school where Ive been studying for three years. I really had a great time in this school where I grew from a nave kid to a grown-up.,I think I will absolutely miss my life here

15、 and miss every single person that I met here. But in the meantime, I am looking forward to my new life in the college. I sometimes daydream that maybe Ill bump into a handsome boy, have fire friendly roommates and be taught by a group of fabulous teachers. It would be wonderful if this ideal daydre

16、am come into reality!,However, life is like a box of chocolate and youll never know whats inside until you open it. Of course the college life will greatly differ from my previous life in high school. But Im an active girl and Ill do what Mike taught us totake part in various activities. Im sure Ill

17、 make a lot of new friends and with them; I will be absolutely able to adjust the differences in a short time! (2008年考場(chǎng)滿(mǎn)分作文),2007年 第二節(jié) 讀寫(xiě)任務(wù) (共1小題,滿(mǎn)分25分) 閱讀下面的短文，然后按照要求寫(xiě)一篇150詞左右的英語(yǔ)短文。 Dear Ari, As you sleep in my arms, Im amazed at how light you feel. I stare at your tiny body, so fragile that a sudd

18、en wind could lift you up into the air. I love this feeling of protecting you and dreaming of all I have in store for you.,I intend to bring you up to be brave and successful in an often difficult society. Thats why your mommy and I have named you Ari, which means lion. Its our hope that you will gr

19、ow strong and eagerly grasp every opportunity to do well for yourself and others.,Before you came into the world, we had spent months imagining what youd be like. Would you be a boy or a girl? Would you look like Mommy, Daddy or your elder brothers? Anyway, we would find out soon. Finally your mothe

20、rs labor came. And several hours later, we met the first time. I held you high up in the air. I then was able to cut your umbilical cord (臍帶) and put you in your mothers arms. She still had enough energy to radiate the love while she pressed you to her face.,And here we are tonight. As I hold you cl

21、ose, you sleep so peacefully. I press my ear to your chest and hear your strength. I am listening to the first beats of a lions heart. Welcome to the world, Ari.,Love, Daddy,寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容 假設(shè)你就是信中的Ari，父親在你出生的時(shí)候?qū)懥诉@封信。今天是父親50歲生日，你準(zhǔn)備以寫(xiě)信的方式，祝賀他的生日。以下是信的內(nèi)容(信的開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已經(jīng)為你寫(xiě)好)： 1以約30個(gè)詞概括父親在他信中對(duì)你的期望； 2以約120個(gè)詞表達(dá)你對(duì)父親的感恩，并包

22、括如下要點(diǎn)： (1)讀信后的感受; (2)以你自己成長(zhǎng)的經(jīng)歷說(shuō)明你的感受； (3)表達(dá)你對(duì)父親的感激和祝福。,寫(xiě)作要求 1. 作文中可使用自己的親身經(jīng)歷或虛構(gòu)的故事，也可以參照閱讀材料的內(nèi)容但不得直接引用原文中的句子； 2. 信中不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名和學(xué)校名稱(chēng)。 評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 概括準(zhǔn)確，語(yǔ)言規(guī)范，內(nèi)容合適，篇章連貫。,參考范文 Dear Daddy, Happy birthday to you! Ive just read the letter you wrote to me when I was born. In your letter, you described your eagerness t

23、o see my coming to the world and expressed your hope about my growing up. You hope that I can grow strong and brave and can seize every chance to succeed. I was deeply touched / moved when I read your letter. Its the first time that Ive realized your deepest love for me.,Once when I was ill, you rus

24、hed me to the hospital and stayed with me the whole night. Each time I felt depressed, you would encourage me with a smile. But when our teacher advised us to help parents (to) wash feet, I thought nothing of it. How silly I was to take it for granted that you make every effort to bring me up and gi

25、ve me everything! I feel ashamed that I failed to notice your tiredness, unhappiness or even illness.,Today is your 50th birthday, on which I thank you again from the bottom of my heart and wish you could enjoy a long and happy life.,Love, Son / Ari,概況表解： 近三年高考讀寫(xiě)任務(wù)的總體情況如下表所示：,具體分析： 閱讀短文和寫(xiě)作要求有以下幾個(gè)特點(diǎn)：

26、,(1)長(zhǎng)度：約200個(gè)詞。 (2)難度：較閱讀理解的文章容易。 (3)體裁：多種多樣，三年三種體裁各不相同。在備考中，除練習(xí)已出現(xiàn)的這三種文體外，我們還應(yīng)加強(qiáng)記敘文和議論文等的訓(xùn)練。 (4)來(lái)源：來(lái)自于外國(guó)網(wǎng)站或英美報(bào)刊： 2008年： 2007年：,作文題的特點(diǎn) (1)話(huà)題：均在課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和考試說(shuō)明規(guī)定的24個(gè)話(huà)題之內(nèi)。 (2)題材：真實(shí)可靠，貼近學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)與生活，為考生所熟悉。 (3)概括：可以是概括全文，如2008年和2009年高考；也可以是概括其中的某個(gè)小段落、某個(gè)人物或某個(gè)方面，如2007年高考題。 (4)內(nèi)容：要求考生發(fā)表觀點(diǎn)的寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)明確，近三年高考中每年都有3條具體的內(nèi)容要

27、點(diǎn)。一般說(shuō)來(lái)，考生都有話(huà)可寫(xiě)。,(5)詞數(shù)：從近三年高考改卷的實(shí)際來(lái)看，似乎對(duì)字?jǐn)?shù)并沒(méi)有嚴(yán)格的要求。以上三年高考滿(mǎn)分作文，摘要在2638個(gè)詞之間，符合約30個(gè)詞的要求；但發(fā)表觀點(diǎn)部分，均大大超過(guò)120個(gè)詞。因此，寫(xiě)作時(shí)以表達(dá)思想為主，不必過(guò)于拘泥字?jǐn)?shù)多少。但我們建議，在平時(shí)訓(xùn)練中，概括部分以2535詞為宜，發(fā)表觀點(diǎn)部分以110150詞為宜。,考生得分情況 本題滿(mǎn)分25分，近三年全省高考考生得分率均還在40%左右，即大約只有10分，還有很大的上升空間。據(jù)此，我們有理由相信，在這種選拔考試中，該題是使你獲取高分，與其他考生拉開(kāi)距離的有效突破口。師生備考務(wù)必重視！,備 考 策 略,1.將詞匯復(fù)習(xí)與寫(xiě)

28、作結(jié)合起來(lái)。 如每天重點(diǎn)記憶原來(lái)還不是很熟的單詞7個(gè)；將這7個(gè)單詞編成英文故事或用英文寫(xiě)一段通順自然的話(huà)。在口頭上或頭腦中練習(xí)多次，然后才寫(xiě)其中一段滿(mǎn)意的故事短文。反復(fù)運(yùn)用，不但可鞏固單詞，同時(shí)也提高了口頭和筆頭表達(dá)能力。 2.堅(jiān)持天天練，一天也不間斷。 每天可以花20來(lái)分鐘寫(xiě)一篇正規(guī)的讀寫(xiě)任務(wù)，也可以針對(duì)日常學(xué)習(xí)或生活中的某件事發(fā)表看法，自由表達(dá)自己的思想，如果有必要，不局限于詞數(shù)，甚至越長(zhǎng)越好。,3.熟讀優(yōu)美詞句，背誦作文范文。 “熟讀唐詩(shī)三百首，不會(huì)吟詩(shī)也會(huì)偷?！逼綍r(shí)注意收集優(yōu)秀詞句，熟讀并背誦。平時(shí)練習(xí)的寫(xiě)作題的范文，最好也能背誦。,解題步驟,1.審題，明確題目要求。 通過(guò)審題明確文章

29、主題、寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容、主要時(shí)態(tài)和主體人稱(chēng)等問(wèn)題。其中主體人稱(chēng)，就是要確定以第幾人稱(chēng)進(jìn)行寫(xiě)作。 2.閱讀，抓住內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)。 閱讀短文，找出文章的內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)。 (1)議論文：找出論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)和結(jié)論。其關(guān)鍵是找出主題句或結(jié)論句。若文中有一分為二的觀點(diǎn)，兩種觀點(diǎn)都要概括，不要漏掉其中一方的觀點(diǎn)。 (2)記敘文：找出時(shí)間(when),地點(diǎn)(where),什么人(who)，做了什么事(what),結(jié)果怎么樣(how)等五要素。其中,最重要的要點(diǎn)是某人(who)做了何事(what)。若是夾敘夾議的文章,還要加上作者的看法、觀點(diǎn)、經(jīng)驗(yàn)或感悟。,(3)說(shuō)明文和新聞報(bào)道：通常會(huì)有中心句(多在首段)，寫(xiě)概要時(shí)注意要找出中心句，

30、抓住關(guān)鍵詞。對(duì)現(xiàn)象分析型說(shuō)明文，要找出“現(xiàn)象”“造成這種現(xiàn)象的原因”“解決這種現(xiàn)象或問(wèn)題的措施或建議”。 (4)發(fā)言稿：通常會(huì)很明確地表明觀點(diǎn)或態(tài)度，寫(xiě)概要時(shí)要從發(fā)言者的言語(yǔ)中明確作者的態(tài)度，把握作者的寫(xiě)作目的?；蛳雀爬慷未笠猓M(jìn)而歸納全文主旨。 3.概括，轉(zhuǎn)述作者觀點(diǎn)。 在找出文章的內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)后，就要用自己的話(huà)轉(zhuǎn)述原文內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)。要注意在用詞或句式上做到同義替換，避免抄襲之嫌。,4.過(guò)渡，引出自己觀點(diǎn)。 寫(xiě)了摘要后，用句過(guò)渡的話(huà)，再引出自己的觀點(diǎn)(贊成或反對(duì))或引出類(lèi)似的故事。 5.例證，論證自己觀點(diǎn)。 議論文在提出自己的觀點(diǎn)后，就用具體的事例來(lái)論證自己的觀點(diǎn)。 記敘文編寫(xiě)與閱讀文章主題相同但

31、情節(jié)不同的故事(親身經(jīng)歷或虛構(gòu))。 6.結(jié)論，注意前后呼應(yīng)。,7.潤(rùn)色，使其錦上添花。 一查人稱(chēng)是否符合要求；二查語(yǔ)法方面的問(wèn)題，包括用詞、時(shí)態(tài)等方面的錯(cuò)誤等，確保“語(yǔ)言規(guī)范”；三查邏輯關(guān)系，看前后觀點(diǎn)是否一致；四查是否使用一些較為高級(jí)的句型，如非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)、with 短語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)、定語(yǔ)從句、倒裝句型、恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞、短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞等。 特別提醒：高級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)這條不必強(qiáng)求，視自己實(shí)際水平而定，因?yàn)槿魏谓Y(jié)構(gòu)都以“準(zhǔn)確”為第一原則。據(jù)近三年閱卷情況，只要能用簡(jiǎn)單句表達(dá)完要寫(xiě)的內(nèi)容，就可得該題的60%，即15分，大大超過(guò)省平均分了。,篇 章 結(jié) 構(gòu),有人曾將讀寫(xiě)任務(wù)的篇章結(jié)構(gòu)歸納如下，可參考： (1)標(biāo)題。(有時(shí)

32、不一定要求擬標(biāo)題) (2)第一段：用一兩句話(huà)概括所給短文內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)，約30詞。建議控制在2535詞之間。 (3)第二段： 議論文過(guò)渡詞引出主題句自己的觀點(diǎn)例證，約100詞。 記敘文過(guò)渡詞+與閱讀文章主題相同但情節(jié)不同的故事，約100詞。 (4)第三段：即總結(jié)句，套語(yǔ)配名言來(lái)進(jìn)行點(diǎn)題，要前后呼應(yīng)，三位一體，約30詞。,以上結(jié)構(gòu)模式僅供參考，下列兩點(diǎn)卻是非常重要的： (1)概括一般單獨(dú)一自然段； (2)發(fā)表看法或議論時(shí)，依照試題所給內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)本身的順序，原則上每個(gè)要點(diǎn)單獨(dú)寫(xiě)一個(gè)自然段，這不但保證寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容覆蓋所有寫(xiě)作點(diǎn)，而且層次清晰，讓閱卷老師一目了然；若其中兩條邏輯關(guān)系特別緊密，也可用一個(gè)自然段來(lái)表達(dá)

33、。,套 用 語(yǔ) 句,(1)According to the passage, we know. (2)The writer states that. (3)The author thinks /argues . (4)The story/passage is about. (5)The writer/author tells us about. (6)The story mainly tells us that.,摘要的開(kāi)頭語(yǔ),議論文的過(guò)渡語(yǔ) 表示贊同 (1)I agree with the statement that. (2)I do agree with the author. (3)I

34、m for the writers idea that. (4)I quite agree with the writers idea. (5)I fully support the statement above because I am very sure. (6)I cant agree more with what the writer said/says.(我完全同意作者的觀點(diǎn)),摘要后的過(guò)渡語(yǔ),表示不贊同 (1)I partly agree with what the writer said. (2)I dont agree with the writers view. (3)Im

35、 strongly against the writers idea. (4)In some way, I agree with., but. (5)This opinion sounds right but is hardly practical. (6)What the writer said sounds reasonable. But. (7)It is definitely not like that. As a matter of fact,. (8)Some people argue as if it is a general truth that. But to be fran

36、k, I cannot agree with them.,表達(dá)自己觀點(diǎn) (1)As for me,. (2)In my opinion, . (3)As far as I am concerned,. (4)From my point of view. (5)I hold the view/belief that. (6)Personally, I believe that. (7)According to my experience, I think that.,引出話(huà)題 (1) There is no doubt that. 毫無(wú)疑問(wèn) (2)It can not be denied tha

37、t. 不可否認(rèn) (3)No one can ignore the fact that. 誰(shuí)也不可忽視 (4)From what is mentioned above, we know. 依上所述，我們知道,記敘文的過(guò)渡語(yǔ) (1)I have a similar experience. (2)I also went through such an experience. (3)This story reminds me of another story that happened to. (4)This story reminds me of a similar experience of.,提供論據(jù)或原因分析的套語(yǔ) 總述原因 (1)There are several reasons that contribute to . (2)My views are based on the following reasons. 分層論述 (1)On the one hand,. On the other,. 一方面另一方面 (2)For one thing,. For another. 一則二則 (3)To begin with/First of all/First (ly),. Second (ly), . Besides/Furthermore