初三定語(yǔ)從句練習(xí)

1、初三定語(yǔ)從句練習(xí)自測(cè)題1. They are talking about things and persons _ they knew when they were young. A. that B. which C. who D. whom 2. This is the man _ last night. A. whom I saw him B. whom I saw C. which I saw D. who I saw him 3. The seventeenth century was one _ many advances were made in science. A. that

2、B. which C. where D. when 4. We travelled together as far as Chicago, _ we parted. A. when B. which C. why D. where 5. The reason _ Im writing is to tell you about a party on Saturday. A. because B. why C. for D. as 6. Author Edith Wharton thoroughly understood the society _. A. she had grown up in

3、it B. which had she grown up in C. she had grown up D. in which she had grown up 7. This is one of the best books _. A. that have ever been written B. that has ever been written C. that has written D. that have written 8. The first time _ I saw Premier Zhou was in 1958. A. when B. where C. which D.

4、that 9. Which of the two cows _ you keep produces more milk? A. that B. which C. whom D. what 10. He met my brother, from _ he got the news of my marriage. A. who B. whom C. which D. whose 11. Would you please put the book _ it belongs? A. to whom B. to which C. into which D. where 12. Do you rememb

5、er the name of the company _? A. where she works at B. in which she works C. for which she works in D. in where she works 13. This is the most difficult book _. A. what I have read it B. which I have read it C. I have read D. I have read it 14. The last place _ was the Science Museum. A. we visited

6、B. where we visited C. which we visited D. we went 15. All _ you have to do is to press the button. A. what B. which C. for that D. that 16. Her opinion is the same _ her mothers. A. that B. as C. than D. like 17. Peter lives in the room _ window opens to the south. A. whose B. that C. which D. / 18

7、. Did she tell you anything _ had happened to her? A. it B. that C. what D. which 19. Ill never forget the days _ we spent together five year ago. A. which B. when C. where D. how 20. July 1, 1921 was the day _ the Communist Party of China was founded. A. that B. on which C. which D. on that 21. The

8、 place _ interest the children most is the Childrens Palace. A. what B. that C. where D. in which 22. I, _ your good friend, will try my best to help you out. A. who is B. who am C. that is D. what is 23. The brave man, _ the tiger was shot, is a good hunter. A. of whom B. by that C. by whom D. by w

9、hich 24. The clever boy made a hole in the wall, _ he could see what was going on inside the house. A. on which B. at which C. through which D. in which 25. This is the girl _ I believe was the driver of the car. A. who B. whom C. in whom D. / 26. My hometown is no longer the same _ it used to be. A

10、. like B. that C. as D. which 27. You can take any seat _ is free. A. in which B. that C. where D. on which 28. She hasnt got enough money _ to buy the rings. A. for which B. with which C. that D. which 29. Ive read all the books _ were borrowed from the library. A. they B. where C. / D. that 30. Is

11、 oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn? A. it B. which C. / D. that 31. The Second World War _ millions of people were killed ended in 1945. A. on which B. where C. in that D. during which 32. Did you tell your mother all _ you had seen on the way home? A. what B. why C. that D. which 33. Its one of

12、 the most important meetings _ this years. A. that has been held B. which has been held C. that have been held D. which have held 34. Do you know who lives in the building _ there is a well. A. in front of it B. in front of whose C. in front of which D. in the front of which 35. Ill never. forget th

13、e day _ I joined the League. A. on which B. which C. in which D. at which 36. She showed her new watch to my wife, _ was kept in a box. A. who B. which C. that D. it 37. She had three sons, all _ became doctors. A. who B. whose C. of which D. of whom 38. This is the new type of plane _ parts are mad

14、e of plastics. A. that B. what C. which D. whose 39. _ is known to all, China is a developing country, belonging to the third world. A. It B. That C. As D. Which 40. Is this the leaning tower _ Galileo did experiments centuries ago? A. that B. where C. which D. when 41. Mont Blanc _ we visited last

15、summer is the highest mountain in Europe. A. where B. that C. what D. which 42. Those _ not only from books but also through practice will succeed. A. learn B. who C. that learns D. who learn 43. Didnt you see the man _? A. I nodded just now B. whom I nodded just now C. I nodded to him just now D. I

16、 nodded to just now 44. Have you seen the girl _? A. that I told B. I told you of C. whom I told you D. I told you of him 45. Can you lend me the novel ;_ the other day? A. that you talked B. you talked about it C. which you talked with D. you talked about 46. Who _ has common sense will do such a t

17、hing? A. which B. who C. whom D. that 47. This is the biggest laboratory _ we have every built in our school. A. which B. what C. where D. / 48. Is there anything _ to you? A. that is belonged B. that belongs C. that belong D. which belongs 49. Please pass me the dictionary _ cover is black. A. whic

18、h B. which of C. its D. whose 50. Is this the museum _ you visited the other day? A. that B. where C. in which D. the one 51. How do you like the book? Its quite different from _ I read last month. A. that B. which C. the one D. the one what 52. Which sentence is wrong? A. The finger I dipped into t

19、he cup was not the one I put it into my mouth. B. Do you know the boy who jumped onto the platform? C. Science and new technology have made it possible for farmers to produce more food on the same amount of land. D. People in ancient times took it for granted that the sun moved round the earth. 53.

20、Antarctic _ we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round. A. which B. where C. that D. about which 54. May the fourth is the day _ we Chinese people will never forget. A. which B. when C. on which D. about which 55. October 1,1945 is the day _ the Peoples Republic of China was fo

21、unded. A. which B. when C. that D. on that 56. A steel plant is a place _ I am longing to visit these years. A. that B. where C. in which D. to where 57. This is just the place _ am longing to visit these years. A. that B. where C. in which D. to where 58. The hotel _ during our holidays stands by t

22、he seaside. A. we stayed at B. where we stayed at C. we stayed D. in that we stayed 59. He is not _ a fool _. A. such, as he is looked B. such, as he looks C. as, as he is looked D. so, as he looks 60. He has two sons, _ work as chemists. A. two of whom B. both of whom C. both of which D. all of who

23、m III. 參考答案： 1. A 2. B 3. D 4. D 5. B 6. D 7. A 8. D 9. A 10. B 11. D 12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D 16. B 17. A 18. B 19. A 20. B 21. B 22. B 23. C 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. B 29. D 30. D 31. D 32. C 33. C 34. C 35. A 36. B 37.D 38. D 39. C 40. B 41. D 42. D 43. D 44. B 45. D 46. D 47. D 48. B 49. D 50.

24、 A 51. C 52. A 53. D 54. A 55. B 56. A 57. A 58. A 59. B 60. B附一：定語(yǔ)從句用法歸納定語(yǔ)從句由關(guān)系代詞who、whom、whose、which、what、as和關(guān)系副詞where、when、why等引導(dǎo)，但須記住： 1.what不能引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句. 2.關(guān)系詞的分析須考慮它在定語(yǔ)從句中的成分。 一.指人的關(guān)系代詞有who、whose、whom、that. 試分析： The old man who/whom /that we visited yesterday is a famous artist. Miss Wang is takin

25、g care of the child whose parents have gone to Beijing . The man with whom my father shook hands just now is our headmaster. （=The man who/whom that my father shook hands with just now is our headmaster.）注： A 指人時(shí)有時(shí)只用who不宜用that。 1先行詞為one、ones或anyone （1）The comrade I want to learn from is the one who

26、studies hard and works hard. （2）Anyone who breaks the law should be punished. 2先行詞為these時(shí) These who are going to Beijing are the best students of our school. 3在there be 開(kāi)頭的句子中 There is a student who wants to see you. 4一個(gè)句子中帶有兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，其中一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞是that，另一個(gè)宜用who，以免重復(fù)。 The student that won the first pri

27、ze is the monitor who works hards. 5在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中 A。I met a friend of mine in the street, who had just come from Japan. B主句以who開(kāi)頭的句子中,只用that,不用who。 二指物的關(guān)系代詞有which、whose(=of which)、that. 試分析： 1. I like the books which / that were written by Lu Xun. 2. The desks (which/that) we made last year were very g

28、ood. 3. This is the house in which we lived last year. (= This is the house which /that we lived in last year.) 4. I live in the room whose windows face south. (= I live in the room ,the windows of which face south.) 注： A. 介詞如果位于作為其賓語(yǔ)的關(guān)系代詞之前時(shí)，只能用whom、 which不能用who或that. (1). The girl about whom they

29、were talking is our monitor. (2). The book in which there are many interesting things was written by Li Ming. B. 部分短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中的介詞不可與動(dòng)詞拆開(kāi)，在定語(yǔ)從句中其介詞不可前置，只能放在其動(dòng)詞之后。 Is this the book which she is looking for? The old man who/whom they are waiting for is Professor Li. The child who/whom she is looking after is

30、 Wang Pings son. C 指物時(shí)，下列情況下只能用that ，不宜用which。 （1）先行詞為不定代詞，如All、much、anything、everything、nothing、something、none、the one等。 We are willing to do anything that is good to the people. I have told them all (that) I know. All that can be done has been done. （2）先行詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞、修飾時(shí)。 The first book that I read

31、last night was an English novel. （3）先行詞是形容詞最高級(jí)或被最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。 This is one of the most interesting films that I have ever seen. This is the best that can be done now. （4）如果有兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上分別表示人和物的先行詞時(shí)(先行詞既有人又有物)，定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞用which和who都不合適，只能用that。 We know nothing about the doctors and the hospitals that you are talki

32、ng about. There are sheep and men that can be seen on the hill. （5）如果先行詞被the only、the very、the last、the same、any、 few 、little、no、 all 、one of、 just修飾時(shí)。 This is the only book that can be lent to you. （6）當(dāng)主句是以which開(kāi)頭的特殊問(wèn)句時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只用that。 Which is the dictionary that he used yesterday ? D只物時(shí)，下列情況下只能用which

33、，不宜用that。 （1）關(guān)系代詞放在介詞之后 This is the factory in which we once worked. （2）非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中 This is the book, which is written by Lu Xun. （3）that，Those作主語(yǔ)時(shí) Those which are on the desk are English books. E先行詞前有such、the same、 as時(shí), 關(guān)系代詞用as，不用that, 但the sameas表示同樣的, the samethat表示同一的 He knows as many people as ar

34、e present at the meeting. Such people as you refer to are rare nowadays. 三比較When/which、where /which、why. which I still never forget. This is the day when I joined the party. which he spent reading the books. where I found the book. which makes machines. This is the place which we once visited. which

35、 I will never forget. which I am looking for. 限制性定語(yǔ)從句與非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別： 限制性定語(yǔ)從句 非限制性定語(yǔ)從句 All the students who study hard have passed.學(xué)習(xí)努力的學(xué)生都考試及格了。(只有努力的及格了，不努力的沒(méi)及格。) All the students ,who study hard have passed.所有的學(xué)生都及格了，他們學(xué)習(xí)努力。（沒(méi)有人不及格，這些學(xué)生都很努力。） 從句是先行詞不可缺少的定語(yǔ)（如去掉，主句意思就不完整或不正確。） 從句是對(duì)先行詞的附加說(shuō)明（如去掉，主句意思仍清楚

36、，不受影響。） 與主句關(guān)系密切，不用逗號(hào) 與主句關(guān)系不十分密切，用逗號(hào)與主句隔開(kāi)譯為漢語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句譯在先行詞前，與先行詞用“的”連接 譯為漢語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句放在主句后面關(guān)系代詞that可以代替who、whom(指人)、which(指物) 關(guān)系代詞不用that,只用who、whom(指人)、which(指物) 關(guān)系代詞代替賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略 關(guān)系代詞不能省略關(guān)系代詞as和which 先研究下面兩個(gè)例句： 1.This elephant is like a snake, as /which everybody can see. =As everybody can see, this elephant is l

37、ike a snake. 任何人都看得出來(lái)，這頭象像條蛇。 2.Tom didnt pass the physics exam, which made his parents very angry. Tom物理考試不及格，這使得他父親很生氣。 這兩個(gè)例句中，as和which所代表的都是整個(gè)主句所表示的內(nèi)容。但有兩點(diǎn)不同之處： 1 在形式上as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句可位于主句的后面，也可位于主句的前面；而which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句只能位于主句的后面，不能位于主句的前面。 2 在意義上，as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句和主句的關(guān)系一般為一致關(guān)系，常譯為“正如”，“就像”，而which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句和主句的

38、關(guān)系是因果關(guān)系，或which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句是對(duì)主句的評(píng)論。因此，在意思通順的情況下，which可代替as，而as許多時(shí)候不能代替which，如句2。再如： 1He was late again, as / which we had expected. =As we had expected, he was late again. 正如我們所料，他又遲到了。/他又遲到了這是我們?cè)缇土系降摹?2 The street hasnt been cleared for weeks, which makes it very dirty. 街道好多星期沒(méi)有打掃了，因此整條街很臟。（不用as） 3The yo

39、ung man cheated his friend of much money, which was disgraceful. 那年輕人詐騙了他朋友許多錢(qián)財(cái)，這是不光彩的。（不 用as） 4He takes exercise everyday, which has done a lot of good to his health. 他每天運(yùn)動(dòng)，這對(duì)他的身體很有好處。（不用as） 5As has already been pointed out, English is rather difficult for a foreigner. 正如已經(jīng)指出的那樣，英語(yǔ)對(duì)于初學(xué)者說(shuō)，是相當(dāng)難學(xué)的。在su

40、chas、the sameas、 as、 as many/much as等結(jié)構(gòu)中,as不能用which代替。如： 1.Such books as this are too difficult for beginners. 這樣的書(shū)對(duì)于初學(xué)的人來(lái)說(shuō)是太難了。 =Books such as this are =Books like this are 2.I live in the same building as he (does). 我和他住再同一座大樓里。 3.He knows as many people as are present at the meeting. 他認(rèn)識(shí)所有到會(huì)的人。 4

41、.That day we all got up early as usual. 那天我們和平時(shí)一樣，都起得很早。 “One of the +復(fù)數(shù)名詞”后面定語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)單復(fù)數(shù)情況 這一結(jié)構(gòu)后面的定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用復(fù)數(shù)形式，跟定語(yǔ)從句所*近的那個(gè)復(fù)數(shù)名詞在數(shù)上保持一致。如： 1 That is one of the books that are required for study at school. 2 This is one of the most wonderful novels that have been published since 1990. 3 She is one o

42、f the few persons who know Spanish . 4 This is one of the most famous plays that were written in the thirties, 如果one of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞這一結(jié)構(gòu)前面帶有the only、the very之類(lèi)的限定語(yǔ)，后面定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞則要用單數(shù)形式，這是因?yàn)槎ㄕZ(yǔ)從句在意義上修飾的是而不是那個(gè)復(fù)數(shù)名詞。如： 1.He is the only one of the teachers who knows French in our school.( 修飾the only one) He is one

43、 of the teachers who know French in our school.( 修飾the teachers) 2.This is the only one of the rooms that is free now. (修飾the only one) This is one of the rooms that are free now. (修飾rooms) as與which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句 兩者均可引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，有時(shí)可以互換，但下列情況多用as。 1. 關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句居句首時(shí)。 As we all know, the earth is round. 2. 當(dāng)與

44、such或the same連用時(shí)，一般用as。 Such books as you tell me are interesting. I have the same plan as you. 3. 當(dāng)從句和主句語(yǔ)義一致時(shí)，用as，反之則用which。 She has married again, as was expected. She has married again, which was unexpected. 4. as在從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，后面常接行為動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，如be known，be said，be reported等，如從句中行為動(dòng)詞是主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，一般要用which作主語(yǔ)。 Sh

45、e has been late again, as was expected. Tom has made great progress, which made us happy.附二：限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句有四大區(qū)別一、在句中作用不同 限制性定語(yǔ)從句對(duì)被修飾的先行詞有限定制約作用，使該詞的含義更具體，更明確。限制性定語(yǔ)從句不能被省略，否則句意就不完整。 非限制性定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞關(guān)系不十分密切，只是對(duì)其作一些附加說(shuō)明，不起限定制約作用。如果將非限制性定語(yǔ)從句省去，主句的意義仍然完整。 二、外在表現(xiàn)形式不同 限制性定語(yǔ)從句因與先行詞關(guān)系密切，所以不可以用逗號(hào)將其與主句隔開(kāi)；而非限制性定語(yǔ)

46、從句與先行詞關(guān)系不十分密切，所以可用逗號(hào)將其與主句隔開(kāi)。 例 1. Do you remember the girl who taught us English? 你還記得教我們英語(yǔ)的那個(gè)女孩嗎？ 例 2. Clock is a kind of instrument which can tell people time. 鐘是一種能夠告訴人們時(shí)間的儀器。 例 3. This is the place where he used to live. 這就是他過(guò)去居住的地方。 例 4. Mr. Zhang, who came to see me yesterday, is an old friend

47、 of mine. 張先生昨天來(lái)看我，他是我的一位朋友。 例 5. We walked down the village street, where they were having market day. 我們沿著村里的大街向前走去，村民們正在那里趕集。 析：在前三個(gè)例句中，定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞關(guān)系密切，為限制性定語(yǔ)從句，不可用逗號(hào)將其與主句隔開(kāi)。在后兩個(gè)例句中，定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞關(guān)系不密切，為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，可用逗號(hào)將其與主句隔開(kāi)。 三、先行詞內(nèi)容有所不同 大多數(shù)限制性和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞往往為某一個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)，而特殊情況下非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞也可為整個(gè)主句，此時(shí)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句常由

48、which 引導(dǎo)。 例 1. A middle-aged woman killed her husband, which frightened me very much. 一個(gè)中年女子殺害了自己的丈夫，這令我十分恐懼。 析：由語(yǔ)境可知，令“我”恐懼的內(nèi)容應(yīng)為“中年女子殺害了自己的丈夫”這整個(gè)一件事，因此先行詞為整個(gè)主句，此時(shí)應(yīng)由 which 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。 例 2. A five-year-old boy can speak two foreign languages, which surprises all the people present. 一個(gè)五歲男孩會(huì)講兩門(mén)外語(yǔ)，這令所有在場(chǎng)的人感到非常驚訝。 析：由語(yǔ)境可知，令所有在場(chǎng)的人感到驚訝的內(nèi)容是“一個(gè)五歲男孩會(huì)講兩門(mén)外語(yǔ)”這整個(gè)一件事，因此先行詞為整個(gè)主句，此時(shí)應(yīng)由